In vitro multiplication of Coriandrum sativum from shoot and nodal explants.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: In vitro multiplication of coriandrum sativum(l.) from shoot tip and nodal explants
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Porselvi. A, Kalai Selvi. S and Kulothungan. S
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: In vitro multiplication of coriandrum sativum(l.) from shoot tip and nodal explants
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Coriandrum sativum L., commonly known as coriander, is an important medicinal plant, particularly valued for its essential oil and culinary uses. India stands as the leading producer and exporter of coriander globally. The plant has various applications in folk medicine and is utilized for its antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-mutagenic, anti-lipidemic, and anti-spasmodic properties. In this study, Porselvi et al. (2015) focused on developing an efficient in vitro multiplication protocol using shoot tip and nodal explants to enhance the propagation and conservation of this valuable species.
Multiplication Protocol for Coriandrum sativum
The study explored the use of micropropagation techniques for regenerating a large number of coriander plants from shoot tip and nodal explants. The researchers established that nodal explants produced a greater number of shoot buds compared to shoot tip explants. Various concentrations of Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) and Kinetin (KN) were tested for shoot multiplication. It was determined that 1.5 mg/l of BAP yielded the highest number of shoots, while the use of higher concentrations inhibited shoot formation, leading to undesirable characteristics in the shoots.
Rooting and Plantlet Regeneration
After shoot multiplication, the next phase involved assessing rooting using Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at different concentrations. The study found that 1.0 mg/l IBA facilitated optimal rooting, with the best results in terms of root length and quantity. The rooted plantlets were transferred to pots for acclimatization, with an impressive survival rate of 96% during the hardening process. These observations highlight the viability of the developed protocol for producing robust coriander plants for field transfer.
Morphological and Biochemical Analysis
The regenerated plants underwent morphological analysis, confirming that they exhibited no significant changes when compared to the mother stock, assuring the genetic fidelity of the propagated plants. Additionally, the study indicated that levels of secondary metabolites in the regenerated plants were consistent with those of the parent plants, emphasizing the effectiveness of the micropropagation protocol in maintaining the medicinal qualities of coriander.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the research conducted by Porselvi et al. successfully established an efficient and reproducible in vitro propagation system for Coriandrum sativum. The study's results indicate that BAP is superior to KN for inducing shoot multiplication, and specific concentrations of IBA are effective for rooting. This protocol not only facilitates large-scale clonal propagation of coriander but also serves as a strategic approach for the conservation of this economically significant medicinal plant in the Indian subcontinent. The simplicity and cost-effectiveness of the methodology provide a promising avenue for commercial propagation and active principle production in coriander.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the main focus of the study on Coriandrum sativum?
The study focuses on developing an efficient micro propagation system for the medicinal plant Coriandrum sativum, aiming for mass multiplication directly from shoot tip and nodal explants.
Which explant produced the maximum number of shoot buds?
Nodal explants produced a maximum number of shoot buds compared to shoot tip explants during the experiments.
What plant growth hormone was more effective for shoot multiplication?
BAP (Benzyl Amino Purine) at a concentration of 2.0 mg/l was found to be more effective than KN (Kinetin) for producing multiple shoots.
What conditions were optimal for rooting of plantlets?
Rooting was best achieved in half-strength MS medium supplemented with IBA at a concentration of 1.0 mg/l.
What percentage of rooted shoots survived the hardening process?
Approximately 96% of the rooted shoots successfully survived the hardening process in the glasshouse and were later transferred to the field.
What were the benefits of the developed protocol for propagation?
The developed protocol is reliable and cost-effective for clonal propagation, allowing large scale production of Coriandrum sativum without seasonal constraints.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “In vitro multiplication of Coriandrum sativum from shoot and nodal explants.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Medium:
In plant tissue culture, 'medium' refers to the nutrient-rich gel or liquid where plant cells, tissues, or organs are cultured. It provides the essential nutrients, hormones, and environment for successful growth, multiplication, and rooting of plant explants, ensuring the regeneration of healthy plants in controlled laboratory settings.
2) Food:
'Food' relates to the nutritional contributions of plants like Coriandrum sativum (coriander), which is widely used as a flavoring agent in various cuisines. The edible parts of the plant contain beneficial compounds, enhancing culinary experiences and nutritional intake, making it a vital component in diets globally.
3) Soil:
'Soil' serves as the foundational medium for plant growth in natural ecosystems. It provides nutrients, water, and anchorage for plants. Coriandrum sativum thrives in well-drained loamy soils, impacting its growth, yield, and essential oil content, vital for both culinary and medicinal uses.
4) Activity:
'Activity' refers to the physiological or biochemical functions of plants, particularly in the context of medicinal properties. For example, coriander exhibits various pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant and antimicrobial effects, which contribute to its value in traditional medicine and health-related applications.
5) India:
'India' is significant as a global leader in the production and export of coriander (Coriandrum sativum). The country's diverse agricultural practices support extensive cultivation, making it a central player in the herbal and spice markets, enhancing economic status through both domestic consumption and international trade.
6) Table:
'Table' refers to organized data presentation in research, specifically in this study. It showcases experimental results such as the mean number of shoots and roots produced under varying conditions. This systematic format allows for easy interpretation and comparison of experimental outcomes, crucial for scientific validation.
7) Tamilnadu (Tamil-nadu):
'Tamil-nadu' is vital as a region that supports the growth of culturally and economically significant plants like coriander. Its specific climate and agricultural practices enhance the plant's yield and medicinal properties, contributing to both local consumption and broader market dynamics in India.
8) Medicine:
'Medicine' pertains to the use of plants like coriander in healing practices. Coriandrum sativum is acknowledged for its various therapeutic properties, including its roles in traditional remedies. Its inclusion in both ayurvedic and modern medicine underscores the interconnectedness of agriculture, health, and wellness.
9) Water:
'Water' is an essential component for all living organisms, including plants. In plant tissue culture, maintaining appropriate moisture levels in the medium is crucial for cell survival and growth. Adequate hydration promotes the development of healthy roots and overall plant well-being.
10) House:
'House' signifies shelter and controlled environments, such as glass houses used for plant propagation. These structures provide optimal growing conditions, protecting young plants from adverse weather while facilitating scientific research, ensuring that plantlets acclimatize effectively before being transplanted outdoors.
11) Withania somnifera:
'Withania somnifera', commonly known as ashwagandha, is a medicinal plant often compared to coriander in studies of regenerative plant propagation. It showcases the diversity of properties found in medicinal herbs, further broadening the scope of research on plant growth techniques and their applications in herbal medicine.
12) Fragrance:
'Fragrance' is significant in distinguishing coriander from similar herbs. Coriander's distinctive aroma plays a critical role in its culinary use and medicinal applications. Essential oils extracted from coriander are valued in perfuming and therapeutic formulations, showcasing its multifaceted roles in various industries.
13) Family:
'Family' in botanical classifications denotes a group of related plants sharing common characteristics. Coriandrum sativum belongs to the Apiaceae family, which influences its growth traits, reproductive strategies, and ecological interactions, providing insights into its cultivation and utilization in traditional practices.
14) Indian:
'Indian' emphasizes the cultural and geographical context of coriander's usage, cultivation, and research. Coriandrum sativum is integral to Indian cuisine and traditional medicine, reflecting the country's rich heritage and the interrelatedness of its agricultural practices with cultural identities.
15) Glass:
'Glass' refers to the materials often used in laboratories for plant tissue culture vessels. Glass containers allow for sterile environments and easy observation of plant growth, facilitating research advancements in regeneration, propagation, and conservation strategies for important medicinal plants like coriander.
16) Study (Studying):
'Study' refers to the scientific investigation outlined in the article, focusing on the in vitro propagation of coriander. This research aims to establish reliable techniques for mass plant propagation, contributing to conservation efforts and enhancing agricultural productivity for valuable medicinal crops.
17) Human life:
'Human life' signifies the broader impact of plants on well-being and civilization. The cultivation and utilization of herbs like coriander enhance human nutrition, health, and cultural practices, reflecting the interdependence between humans and plant resources throughout history.
18) New Delhi:
'New Delhi' represents India's capital and a hub of scientific research and policy-making, including agricultural developments. The proximity of educational institutions fosters advanced studies in plant sciences, contributing to the propagation techniques and medicinal potential of various economically important plants.
19) Pharmacological:
'Pharmacological' pertains to the study of drugs derived from plants, including their effects and mechanisms. Coriandrum sativum is recognized for its diverse pharmacological activities, making it a subject of interest for researchers exploring natural remedies and their applications in modern health and wellness.
20) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
'Antibacterial' highlights one of the critical properties of coriander essential oil. Its effectiveness against various pathogens underscores its role in medicinal formulations. Research into these properties enhances the understanding of coriander's applications in food preservation and therapeutic contexts, addressing health concerns.
21) Civilization:
'Civilization' refers to the development of societies and cultures that utilize plants for sustenance and medicine. Coriandrum sativum reflects the historical significance of plant use, demonstrating how agricultural practices are deeply intertwined with cultural identity, health, and sustainable living throughout human history.
22) Srivastava (Sri-vastava, Shrivastava, Shri-vastava):
'Shrivastava' likely references a researcher or author mentioned in the study. Citing such individuals highlights the collaborative nature of scientific inquiry and recognizes contributions that support advancements in plant propagation techniques, reflecting the importance of academic partnerships in research endeavors.
23) Discussion:
'Discussion' refers to the section in scientific literature where findings are interpreted, compared, and implications are explored. In this study, the discussion would evaluate the results of the in vitro propagation of coriander, considering its potential applications in agriculture and conservation strategies.
24) Developing:
'Developing' indicates the process of creating or improving methods for plant cultivation, as seen in this study. The focus on developing efficient propagation protocols highlights the commitment to enhancing agricultural practices, ensuring the availability of high-value crops for various uses, from culinary to medicinal.
25) Science (Scientific):
'Scientific' underscores the systematic approach to research in areas such as plant tissue culture and propagation techniques. In this context, it refers to the methodologies employed in the study, emphasizing evidence-based practices that enhance understanding and advancement in agricultural sciences.
26) Thanjavur:
'Thanjavur' is a city in Tamil Nadu known for its rich agricultural heritage. The mention of Thanjavur situates the study's geographical focus, linking local biodiversity and cultivation practices with broader applications in plant research and the conservation of valuable herbs like coriander.
27) Balhara:
'Balhara' likely indicates an individual involved in the study or research efforts related to coriander. Recognizing authors or contributors showcases the collaborative nature of scientific inquiry and highlights the importance of teamwork in addressing challenges in plant propagation and cultivation.
28) Pungent:
'Pungent' describes the strong, sharp flavor associated with coriander seeds, distinguishing them from other spices. This characteristic contributes to coriander's popularity as a culinary herb and its diverse applications in traditional medicine, enhancing the sensory experience of food and its nutritional benefits.
29) Quality:
'Quality' refers to attributes that determine the effectiveness or appeal of a plant, including its nutritional value, medicinal properties, and flavor. The study's emphasis on quality plants underlines the importance of breeding and propagation techniques in maintaining desirable characteristics in crops like coriander.
30) Mineral:
'Mineral' denotes essential nutrients found in plants that contribute to health. Research into coriander’s mineral content enriches understanding of its nutritional value, supporting dietary needs and encouraging the use of this medicinal herb in daily consumption for improved health and wellness.
31) Biofuel:
'Biofuel' refers to renewable energy sources derived from biological materials. The relevance of biofuels in relation to plants like Jatropha and their potential for sustainable energy highlights the interdisciplinary nature of agricultural research and the focus on utilizing plants for both energy and medicinal purposes.
32) Surface:
'Surface' refers to the outer layer of plant tissues, crucial for processes like transpiration and nutrient exchange. In tissue culture, surface sterilization is critical to prevent contamination, ensuring that explants can successfully grow and be propagated without interference from microorganisms.
33) Dhanya:
'Dhanya' is a term in Indian languages referring to grains or herbs, including coriander. The cultural significance of this term reflects the essential role of such plants in Indian cuisine and traditional medicine, emphasizing the interconnectedness of language, culture, and agricultural practices.
34) Botany:
'Botany' is the scientific study of plants, covering their physiology, structure, and ecology. Research on Coriandrum sativum falls under botany, highlighting the importance of understanding plant biology to enhance agricultural productivity and discover new uses for economically important species.
35) Delhi:
'Delhi' refers to the Indian capital where numerous scientific institutions and research organizations are based. It is significant for fostering agricultural research and advancements, thereby producing more efficient techniques for cultivation, including in vitro propagation of valuable crops like coriander.
36) Field:
'Field' relates to agricultural land where crops are grown. The successful transfer of tissue-cultured plants to the field is crucial for their practical use. Research into propagation techniques emphasizes the importance of ensuring that lab-developed plants thrive in real-world growing conditions.
37) Tamil:
'Tamil' refers to the language and culture prevalent in Tamil Nadu. It signifies the local identity linked to traditional practices, including the cultivation and consumption of herbs like coriander. Understanding local practices enhances the appreciation of herbs’ roles in community health and heritage.
38) Carin (Cari):
'Saari' likely points to an author or contributor to the study, reflecting the collaborative effort in scientific research. Recognizing contributors underscores the importance of teamwork in advancing knowledge related to medicinal plants like coriander and enhances credibility in research findings.
39) Cori (Corii):
'Cori' is a shortened form of Coriandrum, the genus name for coriander. The study explores the propagation and medicinal properties of coriander, underscoring its importance in culinary and herbal medicine, highlighted by its widespread use across various cultures globally.
40) Nadu:
'Nadu' translates to 'land' or 'region' in various Indian languages, often used in conjunction with place names like Tamilnadu. The term signifies the interconnectedness of geography and culture, relating to regions where specific plants are traditionally cultivated for culinary and medicinal uses.
41) Sage:
'Sage' describes a related herb known for its aromatic leaves, often compared to coriander due to their culinary uses. The comparison illustrates the importance of understanding different herbs' characteristics, helping consumers choose appropriate herbs for specific flavors and health benefits.
42) Lamp:
'Lamp' refers to the lighting sources often used in laboratories for plant growth. Light conditions significantly affect plant growth, making proper lighting crucial in tissue culture environments, ensuring that plants receive adequate light for photosynthesis and overall development.
43) Shand (Sand):
'Sand' reflects the textural component of some growing media. It is often used to improve drainage and aeration in soil or artificial media, playing a significant role in plant health, especially in environmentally controlled settings for tissue culture and propagation.
44) Life:
'Life' expresses the essential vitality of all organisms, including plants like coriander. Understanding the processes that sustain life through nutrition and health highlights the broader ecological importance of plants in maintaining biodiversity and supporting human existence through various roles.