Phytochemical and cytotoxicity study of Dillenia indica in Egypt.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Phytochemical and cytotoxicity study of Dillenia indica in Egypt.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Activity:
In the context of this study, the term 'activity' refers to the biological effects of the extracts from Dillenia indica, specifically their antioxidant and cytotoxic properties. The research examines how these extracts influence cell lines, particularly in terms of inhibiting cancer cell growth, thereby highlighting potential therapeutic benefits.

2) Line:
The term 'line' pertains to the specific cell lines used in the study to assess cytotoxicity—colon carcinoma cell line (HCT-116) and liver carcinoma cell line (HEPG2). The efficacy of D. indica extracts on these lines helps determine the plant's potential as a cancer treatment.

3) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds found in plants that contribute to their medicinal properties. The study delves into the phytochemical profile of Dillenia indica, identifying various compounds, such as flavonoids and terpenoids, that are believed to exert health benefits, including antioxidant and anticancer activities.

4) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a group of phytochemicals known for their antioxidant properties. They are investigated in this study due to their presence in the fruit extracts of Dillenia indica. The isolation and analysis of specific flavonoids highlight their potential role in providing health benefits and therapeutic effects.

5) Egypt:
Egypt is the geographic focus of this study, where Dillenia indica is grown. The research explores the medicinal properties and applications of this plant native to tropical regions, aiming to enhance awareness of its benefits within the Egyptian context and promote its use in traditional medicine.

6) Water:
Water is used extensively in the extraction processes described in the study. It serves as a solvent for isolating phytochemicals from plant materials. The quality and purity of water used can affect the extraction efficiency and ultimately the biological activities of the extracted compounds.

7) Table:
The term 'table' refers to the structured presentation of data within the study, summarizing results such as phytochemical screening and cytotoxic activity. Tables facilitate easy comparison of the effects of different extracts and help illustrate significant findings in a clear, organized manner.

8) Cancer:
Cancer represents a significant health concern addressed in this study, wherein the extracts from Dillenia indica are tested for potential anticancer properties. The research aims to explore how these natural products affect cancer cell growth, contributing to the search for alternative treatments.

9) Drug:
The term 'drug' is relevant in the context of exploring the medicinal properties of Dillenia indica. The study examines the plant's potential to yield bioactive compounds that could be developed into therapeutic agents for treating diseases, particularly cancer, highlighting its pharmaceutical significance.

10) Indian:
The term 'Indian' can refer to the traditional medicinal knowledge and practices originating from India, where plants such as Dillenia indica have been historically used. This context emphasizes the plant's cultural significance and its potential contribution to modern medicine inspired by traditional uses.

11) India:
India is notable for its rich biodiversity and extensive medicinal plant knowledge, including the use of Dillenia indica. The research highlights the plant's traditional applications, exploring how plants valued in Indian traditional medicine can inform contemporary therapeutic practices and scientific investigations.

12) Tree:
Dillenia indica is described as a tree, which places it within the botanical classification. Understanding its growth habits and taxonomy is important for ecological and agricultural studies, as well as for its traditional uses in various cultures for therapeutic purposes.

13) Srivastava (Sri-vastava, Shrivastava, Shri-vastava):
The name 'Srivastava' likely refers to a researcher mentioned in the context of prior studies related to Dillenia indica. Citing previous works provides credibility and context for the current research findings, linking them to ongoing scientific discourse about the plant's properties.

14) Elephant:
The common name 'Elephant Apple' refers to the edible fruit of Dillenia indica. This nickname may reflect the fruit's large size and native associations in regions where elephants are prevalent. It adds cultural and ecological significance to the plant, impacting local dietary practices.

15) Species:
In botanical terms, 'species' identifies the specific classification of Dillenia indica within the Dilleniaceae family. Recognizing species helps differentiate it from other similar plants, enabling targeted research on its unique properties and potential health benefits in comparison with other botanical relatives.

16) Powder:
The term 'powder' refers to the form in which dried plant materials, such as leaves and fruits, are processed for extraction. The powdered state enhances the surface area, facilitating more efficient extraction of phytochemicals, which is crucial for analyzing their biological activities.

17) Kumar (Kumār):
Kumar is another author referenced in the literature, suggesting past research concerning Dillenia indica. His contributions add depth to the academic foundation of the current study, indicating that ongoing investigation into the plant's medicinal properties is a collaborative and evolving effort.

18) Rich (Ṛch):
The term 'rich' describes the abundance of bioactive compounds found in Dillenia indica. This richness in phytochemicals like flavonoids and triterpenoids underscores the plant's potential therapeutic actions and reinforces the significance of studying its extracts for health applications.

19) Purification:
Purification refers to the process of isolating specific phytochemicals from crude extracts of Dillenia indica. This step is critical for identifying and studying individual compounds' activities, thereby enhancing understanding of their potential health benefits and therapeutic efficacy.

20) Medicine:
The term 'medicine' relates to the therapeutic use of plant extracts, such as those derived from Dillenia indica. The study investigates these extracts' efficacy for various health conditions, aiming to contribute insights to herbal and traditional medicinal practices.

21) Pradhan:
Pradhan is likely another contributor to the literature surrounding Dillenia indica. Mentioning his work in the study lends historical context and scientific credibility, as he may have examined related facets of the plant's medicinal use in traditional practices, enriching the study's foundation.

22) Science (Scientific):
Scientific pertains to the methodical approach taken in studying Dillenia indica, emphasizing evidence-based practices. The scientific exploration enhances understanding of the plant’s bioactive properties and supports its applications in health and medicine based on validated findings.

23) Sharman (Śarma, Sarmā, Sarma, Sharma, Śarman):
Sharma appears in the citation list, indicating prior research or contributions to the understanding of Dillenia indica. His inclusion emphasizes the collaborative nature of scientific inquiry into medicinal plants, showcasing ongoing research efforts to explore their uses and benefits.

24) Medium:
Medium refers to the substrates used in laboratory conditions for culturing cell lines, such as HCT-116 and HEPG2. The appropriate culture medium is essential for maintaining cell viability, influencing experimental outcomes regarding the cytotoxicity of extracts from Dillenia indica.

25) Pandu (Pāṇḍu, Paṇḍu, Pandū, Pamdu, Pamde):
Pande represents another researcher whose work might be relevant to the current study. Highlighting his insights or findings underscores the continuity of research in the field of phytochemistry and may reveal historical knowledge concerning Dillenia indica's medicinal uses.

26) Alam (Alaṃ, Alaṁ, Aḷam, Ālam, Āḻam):
Alam indicates a potential researcher in the field, likely cited for his studies on the medicinal aspects of Dillenia indica. His contributions help contextualize the current research, supporting a lineage of inquiry focused on the plant's therapeutic uses in traditional medicine.

27) Dhar:
Dhar is another author referenced in the study, suggesting a historical or collaborating role in research related to Dillenia indica. Such references highlight the continuity of exploration into the plant's properties and enhance the credibility of the findings presented.

28) Food:
Food relates to the consumption of Dillenia indica's fruit, which is noted for its nutritional and medicinal properties. The intersection of food science and medicine highlights the importance of plants in diets and their potential roles in improving health and treating diseases.

29) Sood:
Sood is likely a researcher mentioned for their work in the field regarding medicinal plants. Recognizing Sood's contributions implies an academic foundation that supports current findings about Dillenia indica and enriches the narrative of ongoing studies in the domain.

30) Measurement:
Measurement pertains to the quantification of biological activities, such as antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of Dillenia indica extracts. Accurate measurement is essential for validating research results, allowing for comparisons between the efficacy of different extracts and compounds examined.

31) Discussion:
Discussion refers to the section of the study where findings are interpreted and contextualized within the existing literature. This segment highlights the significance of the results, exploring their implications for future research, potential medicinal applications, and directions for further inquiry.

32) Developing:
Developing relates to the exploration of novel uses for Dillenia indica in traditional medicine and the potential for creating new treatments. This term underscores the goal of translating botanical knowledge into therapeutic applications within modern health practices.

33) Toxicology:
Toxicology studies the adverse effects of substances, including those found in plant extracts. Understanding the toxicological profile of Dillenia indica is crucial for assessing its safety for therapeutic use and ensuring that beneficial compounds do not produce harmful effects.

34) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibiotic refers to substances that inhibit bacterial growth, which can be relevant in discussions of medicinal plants like Dillenia indica. While the current focus may be on anticancer properties, exploring broader antimicrobial activity can unveil additional therapeutic applications.

35) Assamese:
Assamese refers to the cultural context of the Assam region, where traditional uses of plants like Dillenia indica may be observed. Understanding these cultural practices enriches the study by connecting contemporary scientific findings with historical knowledge of herbal medicine.

36) Toxicity:
Toxicity denotes the potential harmful effects of substances extracted from Dillenia indica. Addressing toxicity is vital in research to ensure that beneficial properties can be harnessed safely, minimizing risk when considering the plant's efficacy in therapeutic settings.

37) Richness:
Richness refers to the abundance and diversity of phytochemicals present in Dillenia indica. This concept is relevant as it supports claims of the plant's potential therapeutic activities, indicating that higher concentration and variety could enhance health benefits and effectiveness.

38) Vindhya (Vimdhya):
Vindhya may refer to a geographical area where traditional medicinal practices involving plants like Dillenia indica are prevalent. Recognizing specific regions highlights the cultural significance of the plant and its applications within local healthcare practices.

39) Disease:
Disease highlights the primary concern addressed in the research, focusing on health complications that Dillenia indica might help mitigate. The study aims to explore the plant's effectiveness against conditions like cancer, framing the context of its therapeutic potential.

40) Company:
Company in this context could relate to the pharmaceutical industries interested in developing products based on findings from studies such as this. Collaboration between scientific research and commercial entities can lead to valuable advancements in drug development and healthcare solutions.

41) Madhya (Mādhya):
Madhya refers to a region that might be known for its diverse flora, including medicinal plants like Dillenia indica. Acknowledging geographic diversity enhances understanding of the plant's traditional uses and current research implications in different cultural contexts.

42) Family:
Family refers to the taxonomic classification of Dillenia indica within the Dilleniaceae lineage. Understanding its familial relationships helps in comparing its botanical, ecological, and therapeutic characteristics with other related species in the same family.

43) Cotton:
Cotton may relate to the use of cotton filters in the extraction processes described in the study. Such materials are important in laboratory settings to ensure the cleanliness and purity of extracts used for phytochemical analyses and biological testing.

44) Botany:
Botany is the scientific study of plants, including their physiology, diversity, and applications. The importance of botany in this research context underscores the understanding of Dillenia indica’s properties, promoting its exploration within both scientific and healthcare frameworks.

45) Valley:
Valley may contextually refer to specific ecological zones where Dillenia indica is found, emphasizing the plant's natural habitat. Acknowledging its environmental context is important for understanding growth conditions, traditional uses, and associated cultural significance.

46) Lanka (Laṅkā, Laṅka, Lamka, Lànkà):
Lanka refers to the regional distribution of Dillenia indica, especially in tropical areas like Sri Lanka, where it is known. This highlights the plant's cultural significance and its historical use in traditional medicine, supporting the study's focus on its health properties.

47) Study (Studying):
Study encapsulates the comprehensive examination of Dillenia indica and its various properties. This term highlights the detailed scientific investigations into the phytochemical composition and biological activities, aiming to synthesize knowledge for potential therapeutic applications.

48) Cina (Cīna, Cīnā, Ciṉa, Ciṉā, Cīṉā, Cinā):
China represents another geographical region where Dillenia indica may grow, emphasizing its broad distribution across Asia. The relevance extends to the exploration of traditional applications, suggesting that different cultures may have their distinct uses and benefits derived from this plant.

49) Jena (Jēna):
Jena likely refers to a contributor in the field, reinforcing the collaborative nature of research. Citing Jena’s work connects the current investigation of Dillenia indica with prior findings, promoting a meaningful dialogue within the scientific community regarding this plant.

50) Genu (Geṇu):
Genu suggests a connection to the genus classification in botanical terms. Understanding the genus to which Dillenia indica belongs aids in recognizing its characteristics and the potential for discovering related species with similar beneficial properties.

51) Sah:
Shah is another researcher acknowledged in the literature, reinforcing the collaborative effort in studying Dillenia indica. Mentioning Shah adds to the credibility of the current research findings by situating them within a broader context of ongoing scientific exploration.

52) Aman (Āman, A-man, Amaṇ, Āmāṉ):
Aman likely signifies another contributor to the scientific discourse surrounding Dillenia indica. Including Aman’s research highlights the continuity in the exploration of herbal medicine, contributing to the depth and richness of knowledge available in the field.

53) Ripe:
Ripe refers to the maturity stage of Dillenia indica fruits, which can affect their nutritional and medicinal properties. Understanding the ideal harvesting time is important for maximizing the extraction of beneficial compounds that contribute to the plant's health-promoting effects.

54) Wall:
Wall may represent the laboratory environment where cell cultures are maintained. Proper conditions are essential for accurate research outcomes connecting the effects of Dillenia indica extracts on cell lines, emphasizing controlled environments for effective biological testing.

55) Pain (Paiṇ):
Pain highlights a significant health symptom that Dillenia indica has been traditionally used to alleviate. This term underscores the plant's potential therapeutic applications and reinforces the need for comprehensive scientific investigation into its pain-relieving properties.