Evaluate lekhana basti and udvartana for post-surgical obesity.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Evaluate lekhana basti and udvartana for post-surgical obesity.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Basti:
Basti refers to a therapeutic procedure in Ayurveda, where medicated liquids are administered via the rectal route. It is crucial in detoxification and balancing bodily doshas. Basti is integral in addressing various ailments, especially for conditions like obesity, enhancing metabolism, and aiding digestion through targeted treatment.

2) Lekhana:
Lekhana signifies the process of scraping or reducing excess fat or body mass in Ayurvedic medicine. It aims to deplete Meda Dhatu or fat tissue in the body, promoting weight loss and improving metabolic function. It often involves therapies like Lekhana Basti and Udvartana for effective management.

3) Udvartana:
Udvartana is a form of Ayurvedic massage using herbal powders applied in the opposite direction of hair growth. This technique stimulates circulation, enhances metabolic activity, and has purifying and rejuvenating effects on the skin. It is particularly beneficial for weight management and improving overall health.

4) Kamini (Kāminī, Kāmiṉi, Kaminī):
Kamini refers to Dr. Bhingardive Kamini B., the lead author of the study in the case report. As a PG Scholar in Panchakarma, her research focuses on traditional Ayurvedic treatments for ailments like obesity. Her contributions shed light on the efficacy of specific Ayurvedic therapies in contemporary healthcare.

5) Medas (Meda, Medā, Medash):
Meda in Ayurveda correlates with body fat and is one of the seven bodily dhatus (tissues). Excessive Meda leads to obesity and related health issues. Managing Meda through dietary control and therapies is vital in Ayurveda for maintaining balance and supporting overall health and vitality.

6) Sanskrit:
Sanskrit is the ancient language of India, in which significant Ayurvedic texts are composed, including the foundational texts like Caraka Samhita. Knowledge of Sanskrit is essential for understanding traditional Ayurvedic literature, terminology, and principles that guide holistic health practices and treatments.

7) Dhatu (Dhātu):
Dhatu represents the fundamental tissues of the body in Ayurveda, crucial for maintaining health and vitality. There are seven dhatus—Rasa, Rakta, Mamsa, Meda, Asthi, Majja, and Shukra—that interact and transform to sustain bodily functions. Understanding dhatus is key to Ayurvedic diagnosis and treatment strategies.

8) Medadhatu (Medadhātu, Meda-dhatu):
Medadhatu refers specifically to fat tissue in the body, integral in assessing health status in Ayurveda. Its accumulation can lead to obesity, necessitating targeted interventions such as dietary adjustments and therapies to reduce Medadhatu and improve overall health.

9) Anuvasana (Anuvāsana):
Anuvasana is a type of Basti in Ayurveda where medicated oil is administered through the rectum. It helps in promoting the absorption of medicinal properties into the body, nourishing the dhatus and mitigating dosha imbalances. Anuvasana can support overall health and aid in treating chronic conditions.

10) Disease:
Disease, or Vyadhi in Ayurveda, refers to any state disrupting normal physiological or psychological functions. Ayurveda emphasizes understanding the root causes of diseases and treating them through lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and herbal therapies to restore balance and promote health in individuals.

11) Jaipur (Jāipur):
Jaipur, the capital city of Rajasthan, India, is where the National Institute of Ayurveda is located. It serves as a hub for Ayurvedic education and research, focusing on traditional medical practices and therapies aimed at improving health outcomes in various ailments through holistic approaches.

12) Delhi:
Delhi, the capital of India, is a major city known for its rich historical and cultural heritage. It is also a center for education, healthcare, and research in various fields, including Ayurveda, where practitioners and scholars work to advance the understanding and applications of traditional medicine.

13) Anuvasanabasti (Anuvāsanabasti, Anuvasana-basti):
Anuvasana-basti is a therapeutic procedure in Ayurveda involving the administration of herbal oils through the rectum. It nourishes the body at a cellular level and balances the doshas, making it an effective treatment for various conditions, especially those involving weakness and metabolic derangements.

14) Triphala (Triphalā, Tri-phala):
Triphala is a renowned Ayurvedic formulation composed of three fruits: Amalaki, Bibhitaki, and Haritaki. It is celebrated for its detoxifying and rejuvenating properties, promoting digestive health and supporting weight management. Triphala also aids in balancing doshas and enhancing overall well-being.

15) Medicine:
Medicine in the context of Ayurveda refers to the holistic approach to health and healing, including herbal remedies, dietary guidelines, lifestyle adjustments, and therapeutic practices. Ayurvedic medicine emphasizes restoring balance within the body and treating the root causes of diseases for sustainable health.

16) Samhita (Saṃhitā, Saṃhita):
Samhita denotes classical texts in Ayurveda, containing the principles, theories, and practices of this ancient system of medicine. Important Samhitas like Caraka Samhita serve as key references for practitioners, detailing diagnosis, treatment methods, and the philosophy underlying Ayurvedic healing.

17) Hindi (Hiṇḍī, Hiṃdī, Himdi, Hindī):
Hindi, one of the primary languages spoken in India, is significant in the context of Ayurveda as it is often used in educational and clinical settings to convey Ayurvedic concepts, treatments, and practices to the populace. Bilingual understanding enhances accessibility to Ayurvedic knowledge.

18) Study (Studying):
Study refers to the systematic investigation of a specific subject or phenomenon. In this case, the study focuses on evaluating the efficacy of Ayurvedic treatments, specifically Lekhana Basti and Udvartana, in managing post-surgical obesity, contributing to the body of knowledge in Ayurvedic research.

19) Agni:
Agni is a crucial concept in Ayurveda, representing the digestive fire or metabolic energy responsible for transforming food into energy and maintaining bodily functions. Balancing Agni is essential for health, as it affects digestion, nutrient absorption, and the overall metabolic process within the body.

20) Rasa (Rasā, Rasha):
Rasa signifies the taste or sensory experience of food substances in Ayurveda. Each food has a specific Rasa, which influences its effects on the body's doshas. Understanding Rasa helps in selecting suitable foods and therapies to restore balance and support health according to individual constitution.

21) Caraka-samhita (Caraka-saṃhitā):
Caraka-samhita is one of the foundational texts of Ayurveda, attributed to the sage Caraka. It encompasses a wealth of knowledge on diagnosis, treatment protocols, herbal remedies, ethical practice, and the philosophy of Ayurvedic medicine, serving as a guiding reference for practitioners and scholars alike.

22) Sutrasthana (Sūtrasthāna, Sutra-sthana):
Sutrasthana is a section in the Caraka-samhita that outlines fundamental principles and aphorisms (sutras) regarding health, disease, diagnosis, and treatment strategies. It serves as a foundational guide for understanding Ayurvedic philosophy and clinical practice, emphasizing holistic diagnosis and treatment.

23) Dravya:
Dravya refers to substances or medicinal materials used in Ayurvedic treatments. This can include herbs, minerals, and other natural resources that possess therapeutic properties. A correct understanding of Dravya is crucial in formulating effective medications and therapies for various health conditions.

24) Caraka (Cāraka, Cārāka):
Caraka was an ancient Indian physician and sage recognized as the author of the Caraka-samhita, a principal text in Ayurveda. His contributions significantly shaped the principles of Ayurvedic medicine, focusing on health, disease prevention, and holistic approaches to treatment and wellness.

25) Shukla (Śukla, Śuklā, Suklā, Sukla):
Shukla appears as a reference to one of the authors, Dr. Shukla, who contributed to the Ayurvedic texts and knowledge. Authors like Shukla work to preserve and disseminate traditional Ayurvedic wisdom, ensuring its relevance and application in contemporary wellness practices and research.

26) Niruha (Nirūha):
Niruha refers to a type of Basti that involves administering decoctions or herbal solutions through the rectum, aiming for detoxification and the promotion of health. It is part of the cleansing therapies in Ayurveda, particularly effective in managing obesity and metabolic disorders.

27) Kapha:
Kapha is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, characterized by qualities such as heaviness and stability. It governs structure and resilience in the body. Imbalance in Kapha can lead to conditions like obesity; hence managing it is essential for maintaining health and vitality.

28) Karma (Karman, Kārma):
Karma in Ayurveda refers to actions or therapeutic procedures aimed at restoring balance and health. This encompasses a wide array of practices, including dietary adjustments, herbal treatments, and detoxification methods. Understanding Karma is vital for implementing effective Ayurvedic therapies tailored to individual health needs.

29) Taila (Tailā):
Taila means oil in Sanskrit and is a core component in Ayurvedic treatments. Various medicated oils are used for massages, internal consumption, and as vehicle carriers for other medications. Oils are essential for nourishment and maintaining the body's balance of doshas.

30) Katu (Kaṭu, Kātu):
Katu translates to 'pungent' in Ayurveda, one of the six tastes. It has stimulating properties that can enhance digestion and metabolism. Incorporating Katu foods in moderation can aid in balancing Kapha and Vata doshas, improving overall health and digestive functions.

31) Vata (Vāṭa, Vaṭa, Vāta, Vaṭā):
Vata is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, associated with movement and physiological processes like circulation and elimination. Imbalances in Vata can lead to various health issues, including anxiety and digestive disorders. Managing Vata is key to achieving balance and overall health.

32) Guna (Guṇa, Gūna):
Guna refers to the inherent qualities or attributes of substances in Ayurveda, which influence their effects on the body and mind. These qualities help characterize the medicinal properties of herbs, guiding practitioners in their selection for effective and individualized treatments.

33) Kala (Kālā, Kalā, Kāla):
Kala represents time or seasonal factors that affect health in Ayurveda. Understanding Kala helps practitioners align treatments with the patient's condition and body rhythms, ensuring that therapies are timed appropriately for maximum effectiveness and healing outcomes.

34) Saindhavalavana (Saindhavalavaṇa, Saindhava-lavana, Saimdhavalavana):
Saindhava-lavana refers to rock salt in Ayurveda, valued for its therapeutic properties. It is often used as a natural seasoning and dietary component in Ayurvedic formulations due to its ability to balance doshas, enhance digestion, and support overall health, particularly in detoxification treatments.

35) Niruhabasti (Nirūhabasti, Niruha-basti):
Niruha-basti is a specific type of Basti treatment involving herbal decoctions administered rectally. It is aimed at cleansing and detoxifying the body, particularly effective for managing obesity and related metabolic disorders. It enhances the elimination of toxins, improving overall health and vitality.

36) Accumulation (Accumulating, Accumulate):
Accumulation refers to the build-up of substances, such as fat or toxins, within the body, often leading to health disorders like obesity. In Ayurveda, addressing accumulation through specific treatments and lifestyle changes is essential for restoring balance and preventing diseases.

37) Observation:
Observation in the clinical context refers to the systematic examination and assessment of a patient's symptoms and conditions. This is crucial in Ayurveda for diagnosing ailments and determining appropriate treatment strategies based on individual health profiles and responses to therapies.

38) Apatarpana (Apatarpaṇa):
Apatarpana is a therapeutic approach in Ayurveda aimed at reducing excessive tissue or fat in the body, particularly in obesity. This method utilizes specific diets and treatments to decrease Meda Dhatu and balances the doshas, facilitating effective weight management.

39) Saindhava (Saimdhava):
Saindhava denotes rock salt in Ayurveda, which is often used in therapeutic formulations and cooking. It possesses unique properties that align with many Ayurvedic principles, aiding digestion, supporting metabolic functions, and balancing doshas, thereby promoting overall health.

40) Ayurveda (Āyurveda, Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient system of medicine that originated in India, focusing on holistic health and wellness. It emphasizes the balance of body, mind, and spirit through natural therapies, including herbal remedies, dietary practices, and lifestyle adjustments, tailored to individual constitutions and conditions.

41) Sthaulya:
Sthaulya refers to obesity in Ayurveda, characterized by excess body weight and Meda Dhatu accumulation. This condition is associated with various health risks, and its management often involves therapies aimed at reducing Meda, restoring metabolic balance, and promoting overall well-being through diet and prescribed treatments.

42) Kashaya (Kāṣāya, Kāśaya, Kāsāya, Kaṣāya, Kaśāya, Kāsaya, Kaṣāyā, Kasāya, Kasaya):
Kashaya translates to 'astringent' in Ayurveda, representing one of the six tastes. It has drying and cooling properties, which can help in balancing excess moisture and phlegm in the body. Including Kashaya is beneficial for combating excess Kapha and in treatments for obesity.

43) Bhasma (Bhasman):
Bhasma refers to calcined minerals or metals used in Ayurveda for their therapeutic properties. These highly processed substances play a significant role in Ayurvedic formulations, utilized for enhancing the efficacy of treatments, particularly in chronic diseases and metabolic disorders.

44) Vipaka (Vipāka):
Vipaka refers to the post-digestive effect of food in Ayurveda, indicating how it transforms after digestion. Understanding Vipaka helps practitioners assess the long-term effects of foods and herbs on the body, aiding in personalized dietary recommendations for balancing doshas and enhancing health.

45) Lavana (Lavaṇa, Lavaṇā):
Lavana means salt in Sanskrit, an essential component in Ayurvedic cooking and medicine. It enhances taste, improves digestion, and balances dosha properties. Lavana supports absorption and utilization of nutrients and is pivotal in various Ayurvedic formulations for health restoration.

46) Cancer:
Cancer represents a complex group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. Its management often falls within alternative therapies, including Ayurveda, which seeks to support overall wellness, strengthen immunity, and improve quality of life alongside conventional medical treatments.

47) Madhu:
Madhu translates to honey in Sanskrit and is frequently used in Ayurvedic formulations for its sweet taste and medicinal properties. It acts as a natural sweetener and a vehicle for transporting herbal ingredients, lauded for its health benefits, including detoxification and enhancing immunity.

48) Kalka:
Kalka refers to a paste made from herbs in Ayurveda, used in formulations for various therapeutic purposes. The preparation enhances the potency of the herbs, making them more effective when applied topically or ingested, thus playing a critical role in effective Ayurvedic treatments.

49) Laghu:
Laghu means 'light' in Ayurvedic terminology, describing substances that aid digestion and reduce heaviness in the body. Laghu properties are significant for managing conditions like obesity, where heavy, unwholesome foods can exacerbate symptoms and overall health issues.

50) Kleda:
Kleda refers to excess moisture or phlegm in the body, which can contribute to various imbalances, including obesity. Managing Kleda is essential for restoring health, often achieved through dietary changes and therapies aimed at reducing excess moisture and improving metabolism.

51) Tikta (Tiktā):
Tikta means 'bitter' in Ayurveda, one of the six tastes. It is valued for its medicinal properties, aiding digestion and detoxification. Consuming Tikta foods can help balance excess Kapha and Pitta doshas, contributing to overall health maintenance and disease prevention.

52) Guru:
Guru signifies 'heavy' in Ayurveda, particularly regarding food or substances that are hard to digest and can lead to the accumulation of fatty tissues (Meda Dhatu). Reducing Guru intake is essential for managing obesity and its related complications.

53) Food:
Food in Ayurveda holds significance as a primary source of nourishment and plays a central role in health and disease management. Understanding the qualities, tastes, and effects of food helps in formulating personalized diets to balance doshas and restore health.

54) Sign:
Sign refers to indicators or symptoms observed during clinical assessments that signify a particular health condition. In Ayurveda, recognizing signs is key for diagnosis and determining effective treatment protocols in managing conditions such as obesity or metabolic disorders.

55) Pain (Paiṇ):
Pain is a symptom of distress often associated with various health conditions, including obesity. In Ayurveda, pain is viewed through the lens of dosha imbalance, and treatment strategies focus on restoring harmony within the body to alleviate discomfort and promote healing.

56) Northern India:
Northern India is a region characterized by diverse cultures and lifestyles, with a growing prevalence of health issues such as obesity. This area serves as a focal point for Ayurvedic practices, addressing local health challenges with tailored treatments and interventions.

57) Disfigurement:
Disfigurement refers to the physical changes often associated with obesity that can impact a person’s appearance and psychological well-being. In Ayurveda, treatments aim not only to manage weight but also to enhance overall body aesthetics and self-esteem through holistic approaches.

58) Shatapushpa (Śatapuṣpā, Śatapuṣpa, Shata-pushpa):
Shatapushpa refers to a specific herb used in Ayurvedic formulations, valued for its therapeutic properties. Its inclusion in treatments is aimed at balancing doshas and enhancing metabolic functions, contributing to weight management efforts and overall health support.

59) Daurgandhya:
Daurgandhya refers to unpleasant odor, often associated with obesity and metabolic issues. Ayurvedic treatments focus on eliminating Daurgandhya through detoxification and dietary adjustments, thereby improving overall hygiene, body function, and psychological well-being.

60) Bastikarman (Bastikarma, Basti-karman, Basti-karma):
Basti-karma encompasses therapeutic procedures involving the administration of medicated substances through the rectum. This approach is fundamental in Ayurveda for detoxification and addressing various conditions, including obesity, emphasizing its significance in holistic healing practices.

61) Kaphadosha (Kaphadoṣa, Kapha-dosha):
Kapha-dosha represents one of the three doshas responsible for structure and stability in the body. Imbalance in Kapha is often linked to obesity and related conditions; hence managing Kapha through diet and treatments is critical for restoring balance and overall health.

62) Dravyaguna (Dravyaguṇa, Dravya-guna):
Dravyaguna refers to the study of medicinal properties and pharmacological effects of substances in Ayurveda. This field is essential for understanding the healing potential of herbs and formulations, guiding practitioners in selecting effective treatments based on individual needs and conditions.

63) Katutikta (Kaṭutiktā, Katu-tikta):
Katu-tikta combines 'pungent' and 'bitter' flavors that are often used in Ayurvedic treatments. These tastes can stimulate digestion and possess detoxifying qualities, making them vital in formulating remedies aimed at obesity and metabolic issues, supporting effective treatment outcomes.

64) Kaphavata (Kaphāvata, Kaphavāta, Kapha-vata):
Kapha-vata refers to the combined influence of these two doshas, which can lead to various health challenges, including obesity. Understanding their interaction is crucial for developing targeted management strategies that promote balance and overall health in individuals.

65) Discussion:
Discussion refers to the analytical portion of the research where outcomes are interpreted, assessing the implications of findings related to treatments in Ayurveda. It integrates traditional knowledge with clinical observations, contributing valuable insights into effective management strategies for conditions like obesity.

66) Shatavari (Śatāvarī, Satāvarī):
Shatavari, also known as Asparagus racemosus, is regarded in Ayurveda for its rejuvenating properties. It is often used in formulations aimed at enhancing vitality and managing health disorders, supporting women’s health, and balancing hormones, pertinent in the context of obesity and metabolic health.

67) Samprapti (Saṃprāpti):
Samprapti denotes the physiological process of disease development in Ayurveda, encompassing understanding the progression of imbalances that lead to health issues. This knowledge is vital for devising appropriate therapeutic interventions that address the root causes of conditions like obesity.

68) Daurbalya:
Daurbalya signifies weakness or debility, often seen in individuals with obesity due to metabolic disruptions. In Ayurveda, addressing Daurbalya through specific treatments is essential for restoring strength and vitality, supporting overall health and physical capability.

69) Mahabhuta (Mahābhūta, Maha-bhuta):
Mahabhuta represents the five great elements (earth, water, fire, air, ether) in Ayurveda, forming the foundation of all physical matter. Understanding Mahabhuta is essential for comprehending how they influence the body's constitution and the balance of doshas, guiding effective therapeutic practices.

70) Suffering:
Suffering refers to the physical and emotional distress often experienced by individuals with health conditions such as obesity. Ayurveda aims to alleviate suffering through holistic approaches that restore balance, enhance quality of life, and promote a sense of well-being and vitality.

71) Devadaru (Devadāru, Deva-daru):
Devadaru, or Cedrus deodara, is a tree used in Ayurvedic medicine for its therapeutic properties. It is valued for its effects on regulating body processes, including weight management, and enhancing overall health through its beneficial contributions in herbal formulations.

72) Pradhana (Pradhāna):
Pradhana translates to 'principal' or 'primary,' indicating central concepts or elements in Ayurvedic practice. In the context of the article, Pradhana may refer to significant therapies or methods aimed at effectively managing specific health conditions like obesity.

73) Varanasi (Vārāṇasī, Varanashi, Vārāṇasi, Varaṇasī, Varāṇasī, Vāraṇasī, Vāraṇāsī):
Varanasi is a city in Uttar Pradesh, India, revered for its spiritual and cultural significance. Home to many educational institutions, it engages in traditional practices, including Ayurveda, fostering a deeper understanding of holistic health and attracting students and practitioners seeking Ayurvedic wisdom.

74) Sukshma (Sūkṣma, Sūkṣmā, Shukshma, Śūkṣma):
Shukshma means 'subtle' in Ayurveda, often referring to the finer aspects of treatments or substances that operate at a micro level. This concept is crucial in understanding the intricate interactions of herbal components and their effects on bodily functions, guiding effective therapeutic practices.

75) Swelling:
Swelling refers to the expansion of body tissues due to inflammation or fluid retention, often observed in obesity. Ayurvedic treatments aim to reduce swelling through detoxification strategies, dietary modifications, and therapies that enhance circulation and metabolic activities.

[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 113]