Annealing effect of irradiated teeth via microhardness testing.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Annealing effect of irradiated tooth using surface micro hardness testin1g- an invitro study.
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Mithra N Hegde, Nidarsh D Hegde, Suchetha Kumari N, Ganesh Sanjeev, Priya
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
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Full text available for: Annealing effect of irradiated tooth using surface micro hardness testin1g- an invitro study.
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Dental caries and enamel decalcification are prevalent oral health issues, especially among individuals with poor oral hygiene and patients undergoing radiation therapy for oral cancers. The study investigates the annealing effect, which refers to the process of remineralization that occurs following radiation exposure. Specifically, the research focuses on the microhardness of enamel from intact, caries-free human molars before and after exposure to radiation and during a recovery period of 30 days, employing various remineralizing treatments.
The Annealing Effect of Radiation
One critical concept explored in this research is the annealing effect of radiation on tooth enamel. The study reports that radiation induces a significant decrease in enamel hardness due to demineralization, as evidenced by a drop in microhardness values from 200 Vickers Hardness Number (VHN) before radiation to 148 VHN after radiation. However, after a recovery period of 30 days in an artificial saliva environment, an increase in microhardness to 162 VHN was observed, signifying a successful remineralization process. This highlights the potential of saliva and optimal oral hygiene conditions in facilitating the natural repair of enamel after radiation damage.
The Role of Remineralizing Agents
The study also delves into the effectiveness of various remineralizing agents, particularly casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and its fluoride-enhanced variant (CPP-ACPF). These agents were applied to the enamel samples to enhance healing following radiation exposure. The results demonstrated that teeth treated with ACP CCPF (the fluoride variant) exhibited the highest increase in microhardness after 30 days, suggesting a superior remineralizing capacity compared to the untreated control group. This underscores the importance of specific remineralizing agents in dental care, especially for patients undergoing radiation treatment.
Statistical Significance of Findings
Statistical analyses performed during the study provided robust support for the observed effects. Implementing methods such as ANOVA and Tukey’s test allowed the researchers to validate their findings concerning microhardness differences between control and treated samples at various stages of the study. The analysis revealed significant differences in enamel hardness before and after radiation, as well as noticeable differences in the efficacy of remineralizing treatments, particularly after the 30-day recovery period, reinforcing the usefulness of these treatments for maintaining dental integrity.
Conclusion
The findings from this research illustrate that teeth subjected to radiation are capable of undergoing an annealing process, characterized by remineralization, when maintained under hygienic conditions and aided by remineralizing agents. Specifically, the study establishes that the application of topical fluoride, particularly in conjunction with casein phosphopeptides, yields a notable improvement in enamel hardness post-radiation. These results encourage further exploration and application of remineralization strategies to safeguard oral health in patients facing dental challenges due to radiation therapy.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What common dental issue do patients undergoing radiotherapy face?
Patients undergoing radiotherapy often experience decalcification of enamel, lesions, and caries due to compromised oral hygiene and radiation effects on their oral health.
What was the aim of the study conducted by Hegde et al.?
The study aimed to determine the annealing effect of irradiated teeth by assessing their microhardness before, after radiation, and after a 30-day recovery period using artificial saliva.
How were the teeth prepared for this in vitro study?
Thirty intact, caries-free human molar teeth were collected, sectioned mesio-distally, and categorized into control and two treatment groups with specific remineralizing agents.
What were the treatments used for enhancing remineralization in the study?
The study utilized casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and fluoride-enhanced CPP-ACPF to test their effectiveness on remineralization of irradiated teeth.
What were the main findings regarding microhardness after irradiation?
Radiation caused a decrease in enamel hardness, while subsequent remineralization increased microhardness, particularly in teeth treated with ACP CCPF after 30 days.
What role does artificial saliva play in the study's context?
Artificial saliva was used to mimic the oral environment, promoting remineralization and assisting in the recovery of microhardness in irradiated teeth over time.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Annealing effect of irradiated teeth via microhardness testing.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Study (Studying):
The keyword 'Study' refers to the structured research outlined in the article which investigates the effects of radiation on dental enamel and the potential for remineralization. This study is significant in understanding how treatments can affect dental health, especially for patients undergoing radiotherapy, highlighting clinical implications.
2) Surface:
The term 'Surface' is relevant as it highlights the enamel surface of teeth, which is the primary focus of hardness testing in the context of dental health. The condition of the surface directly impacts its ability to resist decay and influences the effectiveness of remineralization treatments.
3) Table:
In the context of the article, 'Table' refers to the organized data presentation. Tables in research papers summarize results and comparisons clearly, enabling quick reference to statistical findings, indicating differences in enamel microhardness across different treatment conditions before and after radiation exposure.
4) Cancer:
The word 'Cancer' is central to the context as the study addresses dental concerns specifically related to patients undergoing radiotherapy for oral cancers. Understanding the impact of cancer treatment on dental health is crucial for developing effective preventive and rehabilitation strategies for affected patients.
5) Hygiene (Hygienic):
The word 'Hygiene' underscores the significance of maintaining oral hygiene as a preventive measure against enamel degeneration. In the study, proper hygiene practices are linked to better outcomes in enamel repair following radiation, reinforcing the importance of patient education in cancer treatment.
6) Mineral:
'Mineral' pertains to the fundamental components of dental enamel and the overall topic of remineralization in the article. The study discusses how calcium and phosphate, both minerals, contribute to enamel health, thus linking mineral content to the effectiveness of prophylactic treatments against enamel demineralization.
7) Water:
'Water' is critical as it is often used in the preparation of artificial saliva, which creates the simulated oral environment vital for experimenting with enamel samples. The study underlines the need for hydration in maintaining the conditions necessary for remineralization and dental health.
8) Radiotherapy:
The keyword 'Radiotherapy' refers to a cancer treatment using radiation that can lead to adverse effects on dental health. This study specifically looks at how such treatments impact dental enamel's hardness and the potential for remineralization, making it relevant for cancer care.
9) Science (Scientific):
'Science' denotes the systematic study through which the investigation was conducted. It suggests the application of scientific methods in researching dental treatments and their effects on enamel health, contributing to a broader understanding of oral care in oncology.
10) Sign:
'Sign' encompasses indicators of dental issues such as demineralization and enamel quality. Recognizing signs of enamel degradation is important for diagnosing potential problems and implementing timely interventions, thereby integrating clinical findings with treatment approaches highlighted in the study.
11) Pur (Pūr):
The term 'Poor' describes the state of oral hygiene that can lead to increased dental complications, particularly in patients undergoing cancer treatment. Identifying poor oral health as a risk factor emphasizes the need for targeted preventive strategies to mitigate enamel damage.
12) Discussion:
'Discussion' refers to the analysis segment of the research where results are interpreted and contextualized. It is where the authors evaluate their findings in relation to existing literature, draw conclusions about the efficacy of treatments, and propose future research directions.
13) Developing:
The word 'Developing' relates to the processes involved in advancing dental treatments and strategies targeting enamel remineralization. It implies ongoing research efforts to improve therapies that can help mitigate the negative impacts of cancer treatments on dental health.
14) Activity:
'Activity' can refer to the biological processes of remineralization or the engagement in oral hygiene practices critical to maintaining dental health. The article underscores activities affecting enamel strength and integrity, especially in populations at risk of radiotherapy-induced damage.
15) Dividing:
'Dividing' pertains to the methodological approach in the study, where enamel samples were categorized into groups based on treatment protocols. This division is essential for comparative analysis, allowing the researchers to assess the specific effects of different remineralization agents.
16) Kumari (Kumārī, Kumāri):
'Kumari' denotes one of the authors involved in the study, representing the collaborative effort in conducting the research. Recognizing authorship highlights the contributions of individual researchers to the collective advancement of knowledge in dental science.
17) Repair:
'Repair' refers to the process of remineralization of enamel following damage caused by factors like radiation. The study investigates the ability of certain treatments to facilitate this repair, showcasing a critical focus on restorative dentistry in the context of cancer treatment.
18) Priya (Priyā):
'Priya' is another author mentioned in the research, signifying individual contributions to the study. It emphasizes teamwork in scientific research, which is pivotal to producing meaningful findings in the field of dental health and radiotherapy implications.
19) Sugar:
The term 'Sugar' generally relates to dietary factors influencing oral health, particularly linked to caries development. Addressing sugar's role in dental pathology is significant; however, this study specifically focuses on radiotherapy-induced enamel damage rather than dietary influences.
20) Osha (Oṣā, Oṣa):
'Osha' refers to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, implying that the study adhered to safety guidelines in the handling of extracted human teeth. This highlights ethical considerations in research practices, ensuring safe and sanitary conditions in dental studies.
21) Post:
'Post' indicates the time frame after radiation treatment when enamel samples were tested for remineralization. The focus on post-treatment outcomes aligns with the study's objective of understanding the long-term effectiveness of remineralization strategies in dental care.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Annealing effect of irradiated teeth via microhardness testing.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Topical application, Statistical analysis, Significant difference, Statistically Significant, In vitro study, Head and neck cancer, Oral hygiene maintenance, Microhardness of enamel, Radiation therapy, Pharmaceutical Research, Thermal effect, Hardness test, Artificial saliva, Casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate, Pairwise comparison, Enamel Demineralization, Bonferroni adjustment, Acidulated phosphate fluoride, Radiation effect.