Analysis of phytochemical constituents in leaf extracts of cleome viscosa l.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Analysis of phytochemical constituents in leaf extracts of cleome viscosa l.
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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A.Rajani, E.M.Sunitha, K.Shailaja
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Full text available for: Analysis of phytochemical constituents in leaf extracts of cleome viscosa l.
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
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Summary of article contents:
1) IntroductionThe study focuses on the phytochemical screening of the leaf extracts of Cleome viscosa L., a medicinal plant commonly known as "wild or dog mustard." It is widely used in traditional medicine across Asia and Africa for treating various ailments including infections, rheumatism, and headaches. Cleome viscosa is recognized for its medicinal properties, which are significant in countries like India, where a large population relies on traditional medicine.
2) Phytochemical Analysis
The phytochemical analysis revealed that the leaf extracts of Cleome viscosa L. contain various compounds such as alkaloids, phenols, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, and cardiac glycosides. Among the different solvents used for extraction, acetone yielded the highest variety of phytochemicals, followed by methanol and ethanol. Notably, saponins were exclusively found in acetone extracts.
3) Extraction Techniques
The study employed a systematic approach to extract phytochemicals from the leaves using different solvents: methanol, ethanol, acetone, petroleum ether, and chloroform. The method involved soaking the dried powdered leaves in these solvents, followed by agitation and filtration. This methodology ensured a comprehensive extraction of the various phytochemical constituents present in the leaves, allowing for a detailed analysis of the compounds.
4) Health Benefits of Phytochemicals
Alkaloids and flavonoids present in Cleome viscosa L. have been noted for their health benefits, such as antiviral, antibacterial, antiamoebial, and anticancer properties. Furthermore, phenols and flavonoids serve as crucial components in cell wall structure and have protective roles against oxidative stress-related diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular issues. This highlights the potential of these phytochemicals in promoting human health.
5) Conclusion
The research concludes that the leaves of Cleome viscosa L. represent a promising alternative source for valuable medicinal compounds. The presence of various phytochemicals indicates that these leaves can be explored for their medicinal applications, particularly in antimicrobial contexts. Further studies are recommended to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of these compounds to validate their potential as therapeutic agents.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the focus of the research on Cleome viscosa L.?
The research focuses on conducting phytochemical screening of leaf crude extracts of Cleome viscosa L. to identify various phytochemical constituents using different solvents like methanol, ethanol, acetone, petroleum ether, and chloroform.
Which extract showed the highest number of phytochemicals?
The acetone extract showed the most significant number of phytochemicals, followed by methanol, ethanol, chloroform, and petroleum ether. Notable compounds identified include alkaloids, phenols, saponins, steroids, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids.
What traditional uses does Cleome viscosa L. have?
In traditional medicine, parts of Cleome viscosa L. are used to treat infections, fever, rheumatism, headache, and inflammation. It is applied to wounds and ulcers and used as an expectorant and digestive stimulant.
How were the phytochemical extractions performed?
Healthy leaves of Cleome viscosa L. were dried, ground, and soaked in various solvents for 72 hours. The mixtures were filtered, and the extracts concentrated for phytochemical testing.
What phytochemicals were found in the leaf extracts?
The study identified tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids in all extracts. Saponins were exclusively found in acetone extracts, while steroids and phenols were present in acetone, petroleum ether, and chloroform.
What is the significance of phenols and flavonoids?
Phenols and flavonoids play critical roles as antioxidants, providing cellular support and protection from oxidative stress, which may lead to diseases like cancer and cardiovascular issues.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Analysis of phytochemical constituents in leaf extracts of cleome viscosa l.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds found in plants that contribute to their color, flavor, and disease resistance. They have potential health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The study of phytochemicals, such as those extracted from Cleome viscosa, helps in understanding their medicinal potential and therapeutic applications.
2) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a class of phytochemicals known for their antioxidant properties. They play a crucial role in protecting the human body from oxidative stress and are linked to various health benefits, including antiviral and anticancer activities. Flavonoids are abundant in the leaves of Cleome viscosa, making it a resource for herbal medicine.
3) India:
India has a rich biodiversity of medicinal and aromatic plants used in traditional and folkloric medicine. Cleome viscosa is among the many plants found across various regions of India, showing how local flora can provide resources for alternative healthcare solutions, especially in rural and underserved communities where traditional practices prevail.
4) Rajani (Rajanī, Rājanī):
A. Rajani is the lead author of the study on the phytochemical analysis of Cleome viscosa. The research highlights the contributions of individual scientists in advancing our understanding of medicinal plants, showcasing their importance in the field of botany and herbal medicine, particularly in relation to local flora.
5) Medicine:
The study of medicinal plants like Cleome viscosa underscores the significant role traditional medicine plays in health care, especially in developing countries. It emphasizes the need to explore plant-derived compounds for therapeutic uses, contributing to drug discovery and the development of new treatments based on natural products.
6) Activity:
In this context, 'activity' refers to the biological effects and therapeutic potential of phytochemicals present in plant extracts, such as those from Cleome viscosa. The study investigates various biological activities of these compounds, laying the groundwork for future research into their efficacy and possible medical applications.
7) Disease:
The presence of various phytochemicals in Cleome viscosa suggests its potential in treating diseases. Traditional uses of this plant for ailments like infections and inflammation indicate its significance in natural medicine, warranting further research on how its bioactive compounds can help combat various health issues.
8) Wall:
In the context of plant biology, the term 'wall' refers to the cell wall structure, which is impacted by phenolic compounds. These compounds, significant in the research of Cleome viscosa, are part of plants' defense mechanisms and can offer insights into their roles in overall plant health and human medicine.
9) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibacterial activity refers to the capability of certain phytochemicals to inhibit bacterial growth. The study of Cleome viscosa explores its potential antibacterial properties, which ties into its traditional uses and the broader search for natural compounds that can address antibiotic resistance and other public health concerns.
10) Powder:
The term 'powder' refers to the processed form of Cleome viscosa leaves used in the study. By grinding dried leaves into powder, researchers can better extract phytochemicals and assess their properties, illustrating the importance of preparation methods in phytochemical analysis and potential therapeutic applications.
11) Botany:
Botany is the scientific study of plants, encompassing their structure, properties, and biochemical processes. The research on Cleome viscosa contributes to the field of botany by documenting phytochemical constituents and their potential medicinal applications, reinforcing the significance of plant sciences in healthcare and pharmacology.
12) Water:
Water, as a solvent, is crucial in the extraction process of phytochemicals from plant material. Its role in the study of Cleome viscosa highlights how different solvents can influence the yield and composition of bioactive compounds, which is vital for understanding their medicinal potential.
13) Table:
The table in the study provides a summary of the phytochemical analysis of Cleome viscosa leaf extracts. It organizes data regarding the presence or absence of specific compounds in various solvents, enabling clearer understanding and comparison of results which is essential for scientific communication.
14) Koti (Koṭi, Koṭī, Kôti):
Koti is the location of the University College for Women in Osmania University, where the study on Cleome viscosa was conducted. The geographical context highlights the availability of diverse medicinal plants in specific regions and how local universities contribute to research in traditional medicine.
15) Human body:
The human body is the primary recipient of the bioactive effects of phytochemicals. The study of Cleome viscosa focuses on understanding how its constituents can interact with human health, potentially leading to new treatments for various diseases and enhancing the role of plant-based therapies in modern medicine.
16) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a biological response that can lead to various diseases if chronic. Cleome viscosa has been traditionally used for inflammatory conditions, and the study investigates its potential compounds that may help alleviate inflammation, showcasing the importance of ethnomedicine in contemporary drug discovery.
17) Ayurveda (Āyurveda, Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is a traditional Indian system of medicine that emphasizes natural remedies, holistic health, and the use of plants like Cleome viscosa. The research highlights its historical significance and potential integration into modern healthcare, furthering understanding of plant-based therapeutics in Ayurvedic practices.
18) Parimala:
Parimala Devi is one of the referenced authors in the context of medicinal studies related to Cleome viscosa. Her contributions to pharmacological research emphasize the collaboration among scientists in exploring the therapeutic potentials of traditional plants, contributing to the broader landscape of ethnopharmacology.
19) Shailaja (Śailajā, Shaila-ja):
Shailaja is a co-author involved in the analysis of Cleome viscosa. The inclusion of various authors reflects collaborative efforts in scientific research, highlighting diverse expertise in botanical studies and the importance of teamwork in advancing knowledge in phytochemistry and traditional medicine.
20) Lakshmi (Lakṣmī):
Lakshmi Bhavani, a co-author of the research, illustrates the collaborative nature of scientific inquiry. Her involvement in the study of Cleome viscosa points to the multifaceted approaches necessary for comprehensive research in botany, pharmacology, and traditional medicine, thereby enriching the academic exchange in these fields.
21) Bhavani (Bhavāni, Bhavānī):
Bhavani, as one of the authors in the study, contributes to the research exploring the medicinal properties of Cleome viscosa. The collaboration represents the multidisciplinary nature of plant research, emphasizing the integration of botany, pharmacology, and traditional medicine in developing new therapies.
22) Rukmini (Rukmiṇī):
Rukmini is cited in the context of the traditional uses of Cleome viscosa, emphasizing its role in ethnomedicine. The reference highlights the importance of documenting traditional knowledge, which can inform modern research and validate the use of plants in contemporary healthcare practices.
23) Mustard:
Mustard refers to the common name associated with Cleome viscosa, highlighting its cultural significance in different regions. Understanding local nomenclature helps in identifying and promoting traditional plants that have medicinal properties, recognizing their potential as health resources in various communities.
24) Species:
Species refers to the classification of organisms in biological taxonomy. The research on Cleome viscosa emphasizes its specific characteristics within the Cleome genus, presenting the importance of understanding plant diversity and species-specific phytochemistry for medicinal applications and conservation.
25) Family:
Family in botanical taxonomy denotes the grouping of related plants. Cleome viscosa belongs to the family Capparaceae, which is significant for understanding the shared characteristics and phytochemical properties of plants within this family, potentially uncovering more therapeutic avenues in related species.
26) Cancer:
Cancer refers to a range of diseases characterized by abnormal cell growth. The research on Cleome viscosa investigates its phytochemical constituents for potential anticancer activities, highlighting the importance of exploring traditional medicinal plants in modern cancer treatment strategies and holistic healthcare.
27) Indian:
The term 'Indian' signifies the cultural and geographical context of the study, reflecting the rich tradition of herbal medicine in India. The exploration of plants like Cleome viscosa underscores the significance of local biodiversity in providing potential health solutions grounded in indigenous practices.
28) Gupta (Guptā):
Gupta is mentioned as a reference, contributing to the understanding of phytochemicals in traditional medicine. Works by Gupta and others in the field emphasize the need for extensive research on plant-based compounds, their benefits, and their role in integrating traditional and modern medicinal approaches.
29) Campu (Campū, Cāmpu):
Campu likely refers to the campus where the research took place, specifically Osmania University. This context provides insight into the academic environment that fosters botanical and phytochemical studies, reinforcing the importance of educational institutions in promoting research on medicinal plants.
30) Patil (Pāṭīl):
Patil is another referenced author highlighting collaborative scientific efforts. The contributions of various researchers, including Patil, emphasize the multidisciplinary nature of phytochemical studies, crucial for enhancing knowledge about the medicinal properties and applications of plants like Cleome viscosa.
31) Ulcer:
Ulcer refers to a sore that develops on the lining of the stomach or other parts of the body. The traditional use of Cleome viscosa in treating ulcers suggests its medicinal properties, motivating further research into its phytochemical components that may provide therapeutic effects in such conditions.
32) Field:
Field refers to the paddy fields where Cleome viscosa is often found growing as a weed. Understanding the ecological conditions where certain medicinal plants thrive can lead to better cultivation and conservation strategies, enhancing their availability for research and medicinal applications.
33) Fever:
Fever is a common symptom of many illnesses. Traditional remedies, including those using Cleome viscosa, highlight its use in treating conditions associated with fever. Research could reveal specific phytochemicals that contribute to these effects, providing insights into potential natural treatments.
34) Paddy:
Paddy refers to rice fields where Cleome viscosa can commonly be found. This ecological association underscores the significance of understanding plant biodiversity in agricultural settings, where such weeds may be utilized for their medicinal properties while also managing pest issues.
35) Study (Studying):
The study refers to the systematic investigation conducted on the phytochemical analysis of Cleome viscosa. It emphasizes the importance of empirical research in validating traditional knowledge, exploring plant-based therapeutics, and contributing to the broader field of pharmacognosy and natural product research.
36) Devi (Devī):
Devi is mentioned in the context of previous studies on the medicinal properties of plants like Cleome viscosa. It highlights the collaborative nature of botanical research, showcasing how various researchers build upon each other’s work to expand the knowledge base in traditional medicine.
37) Sahu (Sāhu):
Sahu is referenced in the context of traditional medicine research, emphasizing the historical uses of plants in India. The citation underscores the importance of understanding indigenous practices, which play a crucial role in recognizing the potential therapeutic values of native species like Cleome viscosa.
38) Drug:
Drug refers to a chemical substance used for medical treatment. The study on Cleome viscosa emphasizes the plant's potential as a source of natural drugs, encouraging further exploration of its phytochemicals for developing novel therapeutic agents that could complement conventional medicine.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Analysis of phytochemical constituents in leaf extracts of cleome viscosa l.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Medicinal plant, Medicinal properties, Traditional medicine, Antibacterial activity, Anti-inflammatory activity, Phytochemical screening, Phytochemical analysis, Oxidative stress, Analgesic activity, Antimicrobial activity, Pharmacognostical Studies, Secondary metabolite, Medicinal and aromatic plants, Biological activities, Alkaloids and flavonoids, Leaf extract, Crude leaf extract, Extracts tested, Aqueous seed extract, Health care need, In vitro antioxidant potential, Preliminary phytochemical test, Solvent extract, Nigerian medicinal plants, Cellular constituents, Phytochemical constituent.