Antibiotic efficacy against microbial isolates in keratitis patients
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Antimicrobial activity of certain antibiotics on the microbial isolates of keratitis patient
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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V. NithyaAnusha Baskar, M.H. Muhammad Ilyas
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Antimicrobial activity of certain antibiotics on the microbial isolates of keratitis patient
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Keratitis is a prevalent infectious condition of the cornea that can lead to blindness and is mainly caused by various microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. The condition is particularly alarming in developing countries due to factors like lack of medical awareness and limited access to treatment. The study focuses on evaluating the in vitro antimicrobial activity of various antibiotics against microorganisms responsible for keratitis, highlighting the essential need for effective treatment solutions to prevent serious infections.
Antimicrobial Activity
The study assessed the antimicrobial efficacy of several antibiotics, including Gentamycin, Ampicillin, Tetracycline, Ciprofloxacin, Nystatin, Flucytosine, Amphotericin, and Miconazole against various microbial isolates such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermis, Streptococcus viridians, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus tubingensis. Results indicated that many bacterial strains were sensitive to Gentamycin, Ampicillin, and Tetracycline, while the fungi were particularly vulnerable to Nystatin and Flucytosine. Gentamycin and Nystatin were identified as potential treatment options for serious ophthalmic infections.
Microbial Identification Techniques
The identification of the microbial agents involved in keratitis included a range of techniques such as Gram staining, biochemical tests, and culture on selective media. The study utilized morphological characteristics and biochemical tests to differentiate between bacterial species, while fungal identification was conducted through colony characteristics and microscopic examination. The rapid identification of pathogens is imperative for timely and effective treatment.
Importance of Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing
Antibiotic susceptibility testing is crucial for determining the appropriate treatment plan for keratitis patients. The study applied the disc diffusion method to evaluate the effectiveness of various antibiotics against isolated pathogens. This method not only aids in the rapid identification of effective antimicrobial agents but also helps to mitigate unnecessary antibiotic use, thereby improving patient care outcomes.
In conclusion, this study reinforces the significance of proper diagnosis and treatment protocols for microbial keratitis, particularly regarding the use of effective antibiotics to combat multidrug-resistant strains. Continuous research and awareness are necessary to ensure optimal treatment strategies and reduce the prevalence of this sight-threatening condition.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is microbial keratitis and its impact on vision?
Microbial keratitis is an infectious disease of the cornea, potentially leading to blindness. It is a major cause of monocular blindness in developing countries due to infections caused by various microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
What antibiotics were evaluated for their effectiveness against keratitis pathogens?
The study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of antibiotics including Gentamycin, Ampicillin, Tetracycline, Ciprofloxacin, Nystatin, Flucytosine, Amphotericin, and Miconazole against bacteria and fungi isolated from keratitis patients.
How were the microorganisms isolated for the study?
Microorganisms were isolated from corneal scrapings collected from keratitis patients in the Eye Clinic. Samples were cultured on various media for bacterial and fungal identification, followed by biochemical tests.
Which bacteria and fungi were the primary focus of this research?
The primary microorganisms identified in this research included Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus viridians, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus tubingensis isolated from keratitis patients.
What were the key findings regarding antibiotic resistance?
Most bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, showed sensitivity to Gentamycin, Ampicillin, and Tetracycline. Fungi like Candida albicans were sensitive to Nystatin and Flucytosine, highlighting the effectiveness of these antibiotics in treatment.
What is the significance of this study for treating keratitis?
This study underscores the importance of using effective antibiotics against microbial keratitis. The findings can guide treatment in clinical settings, helping to prevent potential blindness and improve patient care.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Antibiotic efficacy against microbial isolates in keratitis patients”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibacterial substances destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria. The research investigates various antibiotics' antibacterial properties against specific bacterial strains isolated from keratitis patients. The results demonstrate the need for effective antibacterial agents to combat resistant strains, providing essential insights for developing suitable treatments for eye infections.
2) Activity:
Activity refers to the effectiveness or function of a particular agent, such as antibiotics. In this context, the antimicrobial activity of antibiotics against specific microbial isolates from keratitis patients was investigated. Understanding the activity helps healthcare providers choose the right treatment strategies for combating resistant infections.
3) Water:
Water is a vital component in various biological and chemical processes. In microbiology, it's used in preparing solutions for tests and cultures. While the study does not focus on water, its role in the growth and maintenance of microbial cultures is essential for accurate experimental outcomes in antibiotic susceptibility testing.
4) Ulcer:
An ulcer is a sore that forms on a tissue surface, such as the cornea in keratitis. The study discusses corneal ulcers caused by microbial infections, which can lead to severe vision loss. Treatment often involves antibiotics, underscoring their role in addressing potential complications from these conditions.
5) Toxicity:
Toxicity refers to the degree to which a substance can harm organisms. In antibiotics, selective toxicity is vital, ensuring that the drugs effectively target pathogens without harming human cells. The study's findings emphasize the need for antibiotics to balance effectiveness against microbial infections with minimal side effects for patient safety.
6) Inflammation:
Inflammation is the body's response to injury or infection characterized by redness, swelling, and pain. In keratitis, inflammation can accompany corneal ulcers, affecting vision. The study highlights the importance of controlling inflammation through effective antibiotic treatments to promote healing and prevent further complications in infected patients.
7) Blood:
Blood is the fluid that circulates in the body, transporting oxygen, nutrients, and waste products. While the study focuses on ocular infections, blood plays a role in systemic responses to infections, including keratitis. Understanding microbial behavior in relation to blood can inform treatment approaches for ocular infections.
8) Drug:
A drug is any substance used to diagnose, treat, or prevent disease. In this study, various antibiotics are tested for their effects against pathogens causing keratitis. The efficacy of these drugs determines treatment protocols, emphasizing the necessity of ongoing research to identify and develop more effective therapeutic options.
9) Discussion:
Discussion refers to the evaluation and interpretation of research findings. In the study, the discussion section analyzes the antimicrobial activity of various antibiotics tested against keratitis pathogens. This critical evaluation helps contextualize results, highlight key takeaways, and address implications for clinical practices in managing microbial infections.
10) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. The study contributes to this field by exploring the effectiveness of specific antibiotics against keratitis pathogens. Understanding these dynamics is essential for advancing medical knowledge and improving treatment protocols for ocular infections, ensuring better patient outcomes.
11) Reason:
Reason refers to the rationale behind actions or conclusions. In the study, the reason for selecting particular antibiotics is based on their effectiveness against isolated pathogens from keratitis patients. Understanding the underlying reasons for antibiotic selection is crucial for optimizing treatment strategies and combating antibiotic resistance effectively.
12) Botany:
Botany is the scientific study of plants. While the study primarily focuses on microbiology and infectious diseases, the mention of botany in the context of research highlights the interdisciplinary nature of biological sciences. Insights from botany can inform pharmaceutical developments, including the exploration of plant-derived compounds as potential antimicrobials.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Antibiotic efficacy against microbial isolates in keratitis patients’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Antimicrobial activity, Zone of inhibition, Corneal ulcer, Antifungal activity, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Antibiotic resistance, Molecular characterization, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Nystatin, Gentamycin, Antibacterial therapy, Blood Agar, Sensitivity Testing, Antifungal therapy, Biochemical test, Gram staining, In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity, Ciprofloxacin, Microbial keratitis, Antibiotic susceptibility testing, Bacterial colonies, Ampicillin, Tetracycline, Slit lamp biomicroscope, Muller Hinton agar, Sabouraud dextrose agar, Gastroenterology, Broad spectrum, Positive predictive value, Negative predictive value, Antifungal agent, Multidrug resistant (MDR), Sheep blood agar, Narrow spectrum, Oral antibiotic.