PIVC Complications in Adults with Haematological Malignancy

| Posted in: Science

Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: Peripherally Inserted Central Venous Catheter-Related Complications in Adult Patients with Haematological Malignancy
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
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Original source:

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Author:

Kee Wei Lee, Chin Sum Cheong, Gan Gin Gin


The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:

(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)

Full text available for: Peripherally Inserted Central Venous Catheter-Related Complications in Adult Patients with Haematological Malignancy

Year: 2024 | Doi: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.6

Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0


Download the PDF file of the original publication


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICC) are increasingly utilized in patients with hematological malignancies, as they facilitate prolonged intravenous therapy for chemotherapy and other treatments. Despite their benefits, the rising application of PICCs has led to significant complications such as infections and thrombosis, contributing to extended hospital stays and heightened morbidity. A study conducted on patients with hematological cancers aimed to assess the incidence and associated factors of PICC-related complications to enhance patient care.

Complications of PICC Usage: A Major Concern

The study revealed that the incidence of PICC-related complications was alarmingly high at 58.0%, translating to 6.9 complications per 1,000 catheter-days. Among the complications, infections were predominant, affecting 36.1% of PICC insertions, while mechanical complications and thrombosis were recorded at 21.1% and 0.8%, respectively. A notable finding was the significant association between an underlying diagnosis of acute leukemia and higher infection rates. This insight indicates that patients with hematological malignancies face increased risks of complications due to factors like immunosuppression and the nature of therapies administered, underscoring the need for stringent monitoring and preventive strategies.

Conclusion

The high incidence of PICC-related complications, particularly infections, emphasizes the necessity for enhanced clinical practices in managing these catheters in patients with hematological malignancies. While current infection control measures are in place, the study indicates a need for root cause analyses and potentially the introduction of interventions such as antimicrobial-impregnated catheters. Future multicenter studies could further explore these complications and refine strategies to mitigate their impact, ultimately aiming to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What are peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICC)?

Peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICC) are long, thin tubes inserted into a vein in the arm, providing long-term access for intravenous therapy, commonly used in patients with haematological malignancies.

What complications can arise from using PICCs in patients?

PICC usage can lead to a variety of complications, including infections, thrombosis, and mechanical issues like catheter dislodgement or leakage, resulting in extended hospital stays and increased morbidity for patients.

What was the incidence rate of PICC-related complications in the study?

The study found a high PICC-related complication incidence rate of 58%, with infections being the most commonly reported issue, highlighting the need for improved management strategies in affected patients.

What factors are associated with increased PICC-related infections?

The study identified that having an underlying diagnosis of acute leukaemia was significantly associated with a higher incidence of PICC-related infections, emphasizing the importance of targeted monitoring and interventions for this patient group.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “PIVC Complications in Adults with Haematological Malignancy”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Study (Studying):
Study refers to the organized examination of a specific subject or phenomenon. In the medical context, it often involves research to gather data, analyze results, and make conclusions about health outcomes, treatments, or complications, such as those related to peripherally inserted central catheters in patients with cancer.

2) Table:
Table is a systematic arrangement of data, typically displayed in rows and columns. In academic papers, tables present complex information clearly, allowing readers to quickly grasp findings such as demographic characteristics and incidence rates, facilitating the analysis and comparison of significant metrics pertinent to the research.

3) Cancer:
Cancer describes a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and division. It poses significant health challenges globally, particularly in hematological malignancies like leukemia and lymphoma. Research on cancer, especially regarding treatment options, complications, and patient management, is vital for improving patient outcomes and survival rates.

4) Line:
Line can represent various concepts; in the context of healthcare, it typically refers to a central venous line or catheter that provides access for intravenous therapies. This has critical implications for patient care, particularly in administering medications and monitoring, with associated risks and complications that must be managed.

5) Blood:
Blood is a vital fluid in the body that circulates through the cardiovascular system, transporting oxygen, nutrients, and hormones. In medical studies, blood-related complications, such as those arising from infections or transfusions, are significant due to their impact on patient health and recovery, particularly in oncology.

6) Chemotherapy:
Chemotherapy is a type of cancer treatment using drugs to kill cancer cells or inhibit their growth. It is often associated with various side effects and complications, underpinning the significance of closely monitoring patients undergoing such treatments, especially those receiving long-term therapies via central lines.

7) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibiotics are medications used to treat bacterial infections. Their relevance in clinical studies is particularly prominent concerning infection control, as patients with indwelling catheters, like those receiving chemotherapy, face increased infection risks. Proper antibiotic use is critical for preventing complications like catheter-associated bloodstream infections.

8) Education:
Education involves imparting knowledge, skills, and competencies to individuals. In healthcare, education is paramount for both medical professionals and patients, especially regarding proper care for central lines and the recognition of complications, which can significantly enhance safety and patient outcomes through informed self-management.

9) Account:
Account refers to a narrative or report detailing specific events or findings. In research, keeping a precise account of observations is essential for data integrity and reproducibility. It helps in conveying findings clearly, especially in the context of clinical studies focusing on patient complications and treatment efficacy.

10) Roman (Roma):
Roman might relate to cultural or historical contexts but lacks specific relevance in medical literature. It could refer to nomenclature or historical figures in medical discoveries. In research documentation, it is crucial to ensure clarity, possibly denoting the importance of timelines or historical data in studies.

11) Rules:
Rules refer to established guidelines or protocols that govern practices. In healthcare, rules are foundational for clinical practice, ensuring patient safety and quality of care. Protocols for catheter insertion, maintenance, and infection control exemplify the importance of adhering to rules to minimize complications.

12) Post:
Post typically refers to conditions or events occurring after an intervention or treatment. In medical studies, post-treatment outcomes are crucial for evaluating efficacy and safety. Understanding post-procedure complications helps inform future practice and improves care strategies for managing devices like central lines.

13) Knowledge:
Knowledge encompasses the information, understanding, and skills acquired through experience or education. In healthcare, knowledge is vital for effective patient care. It includes understanding complications associated with treatments like chemotherapy and the appropriate management of central venous catheters to improve outcomes and reduce infection risks.

14) Toxicity:
Toxicity refers to the degree to which a substance can harm living organisms. In oncology, toxicity is a critical consideration when assessing chemotherapy treatments, as it can lead to significant side effects and complications, necessitating close monitoring and potential interventions to manage adverse reactions effectively.

15) Sakshi (Saksi):
Sakshi could refer to a researcher or contributor in the medical study. Individual contributions in research are vital for data collection, analysis, and interpretation, enhancing the quality and integrity of findings. Collaboration among healthcare professionals often leads to more comprehensive understanding and improvements in patient care.

16) Summer:
Summer as a season can be relevant in the context of infection rates associated with medical devices. Studies suggest higher infection rates during warmer months due to increased bacterial growth, emphasizing the need for heightened vigilance and effective prevention strategies during such periods for patients with central lines.

17) Indian:
Indian may refer to the population studied within the research or regional healthcare practices. The cultural and demographic attributes of specific populations can influence treatment approaches and complication outcomes, stressing the importance of tailoring medical interventions to meet the unique needs of diverse communities.

18) Sign:
Sign is often used in medical contexts to indicate a symptom or condition observable in patients. Recognizing signs is crucial for prompt diagnosis and treatment of complications. Healthcare professionals must be skilled in identifying signs indicating potential issues, particularly in patients with central venous catheters.

19) Burning (Burn, Burned, Burnt):
Burn can pertain to a type of injury often caused by heat, chemicals, or electrical sources. In a healthcare study context, the term could relate to skin reactions from device placements or complications from catheter usage. Effective management of such injuries is crucial for patient recovery.

20) Ter:
Ther appears to be a truncated form of 'therapy' or 'therapeutic.' In medical studies, understanding various treatments, whether pharmacological or procedural, is essential for addressing patient needs. Therapy can also refer to supportive care and interventions aimed at improving patient quality of life.

21) Male:
Male refers to the gender classification often considered in demographic data. In medical studies, assessing male participation in research is vital for understanding treatment efficacy and complications. Gender differences can influence outcomes and response to therapies, highlighting the importance of inclusive research practices.

22) Calculation:
Calculation involves determining values or outcomes based on collected data. In clinical research, accurate calculations—such as incidence rates, statistical significance, and patient data analysis—are critical for evaluating study results. Precision in calculation influences the reliability of conclusions drawn regarding treatments and complications.

23) Perception:
Perception relates to how individuals interpret or understand phenomena, which can influence patient experiences. In healthcare, patient perception of treatment efficacy and potential complications affects compliance and satisfaction. Understanding patient perceptions can help tailor communication and interventions to better address individual needs.

24) Discussion:
Discussion is a critical section of research papers where authors interpret findings, contextualize results, and propose further research directions. This element allows for a deeper understanding of implications, limitations, and potential applications of the study's results, fostering academic dialogue and future investigations.

25) Developing:
Developing often refers to countries or regions in the process of socio-economic improvement. In healthcare research, exploring the challenges faced in developing regions, such as access to quality care, is essential for addressing disparities and improving patient outcomes through tailored interventions based on local needs.

26) Training:
Training involves systematically acquiring skills or knowledge specific to a field. In healthcare, training is crucial for ensuring that medical staff effectively manage treatments and prevent complications associated with devices like PICCs. Continuous training enhances patient care and helps maintain updated practices in clinical settings.

27) Quality:
Quality refers to the standard of care provided to patients, encompassing safety, efficacy, and patient satisfaction. In research, the quality of healthcare interventions is a primary focus, aiming to optimize medical outcomes and patient experiences while reducing complications, particularly in high-risk populations like those with cancer.

28) Disease:
Disease refers to a pathological condition disrupting normal bodily functions, often requiring medical intervention. In oncology, various diseases, including hematological malignancies, demand careful management and treatment strategies, underscoring the need for ongoing research to understand their complexities and improve patient care outcomes.

29) Science (Scientific):
Science refers to the systematic study of the natural world through observation and experimentation. In medicine, scientific research drives advancements in understanding diseases, treatment efficacy, and healthcare practices, leading to improved patient outcomes and informed clinical decision-making based on data and evidence.

30) Reason:
Reason relates to the justification or cause behind a decision or action. In clinical research, understanding the reasons for patient outcomes or treatment responses is critical for improving care strategies and addressing complications, ultimately contributing to the development of more effective medical interventions.

31) Fever:
Fever is a common symptom indicating an underlying infection or inflammatory process in the body. In patients with central venous catheters, fever often serves as a critical sign of potential complications, prompting thorough assessment to mitigate risks, particularly in immunocompromised populations undergoing treatments like chemotherapy.

32) Life:
Life denotes the existence and functioning of living organisms. In healthcare, maintaining and improving the quality of life for patients, particularly those with chronic diseases like cancer, involves an integrative approach to treatment, addressing physical, emotional, and social needs to enhance overall well-being.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘PIVC Complications in Adults with Haematological Malignancy’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

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