Immunoglobulin Therapy in Primary/Secondary Immunodeficiencies: Malaysia Study

| Posted in: Science

Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: Practise of Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy in Primary and Secondary Immunodeficiencies: A Single Centre Experience from Malaysia
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
This page presents a generated summary with additional references; See source (below) for actual content.

Original source:

This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.

Author:

Nurul Hidayah Zahari, Intan Juliana Abd Hamid, Sharifah Azdiana Tuan Din, Ilie Fadzilah Hashim, Zarina Thasneem Zainudeen, Noorsuzana Mohd Shariff, Nor Hafizah Ahmad, Chan Yen Tay


The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:

(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)

Full text available for: Practise of Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy in Primary and Secondary Immunodeficiencies: A Single Centre Experience from Malaysia

Year: 2023 | Doi: 10.21315/mjms2023.30.3.10

Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0


Download the PDF file of the original publication


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy has gained considerable importance in clinical medicine over the past six decades, primarily serving as an antibody replacement treatment. Derived from pooled plasma of numerous healthy individuals, IVIG has been found beneficial not only in combating infections but also in providing immunomodulatory effects for various medical conditions. This retrospective study focused on the characteristics and usage patterns of IVIG among patients at Hospital Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia from January 2018 to December 2019, addressing the factors associated with its frequency and the absence of data on IVIG usage in the Malaysian context.

Variability in Indications for IVIG Usage

The study identified hypogammaglobulinemia and other deficiency states as the most common indications for IVIG therapy among both adult and pediatric patients, comprising 26.3% of cases. While adults typically received IVIG as a one-off treatment for these deficiency states, pediatric patients showed a significant occurrence of Kawasaki disease. In contrast, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy was the leading indication for regular therapy among adults, whereas sepsis represented the primary reason for ongoing IVIG use in pediatric cases. Notably, the study highlighted that 54.6% of IVIG administrations were based on FDA-approved indications, with 45% being off-label, emphasizing the need for clinicians to adhere to established guidelines to optimize patient outcomes.

Conclusion

The research underscores the necessity for a national guideline regarding IVIG prescriptions aimed at ensuring appropriate and evidence-based usage for patients in Malaysia. The significant differences in both one-off treatments and regular therapy indications between adult and pediatric cohorts necessitate a structured approach, given the rising demand for IVIG therapy. Establishing such guidelines would not only assist clinicians but also contribute to better management of various medical conditions that benefit from IVIG treatment, ultimately enhancing patient care and outcome in this specialized area of therapy.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What was the purpose of the IVIG study in Malaysia?

The study aimed to investigate the characteristics and frequency of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) usage among patients at Hospital Kuala Lumpur, as well as the factors associated with its usage.

What were the main findings regarding IVIG indications?

The study found that hypogammaglobulinemia and other deficiency states were the most common indications for IVIG in both adults and pediatric patients. Sepsis and Kawasaki disease were also significant in the pediatric cohort.

How was data collected for the IVIG study?

Data were extracted retrospectively from IVIG request forms recorded in the Pharmacy Department at Hospital Kuala Lumpur, covering a period from January 2018 to December 2019.

What does the study recommend for IVIG usage guidelines?

The study concluded that there is an urgent need for national guidelines to support clinicians in prescribing IVIG appropriately, considering the observed variations in indications and usage patterns.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Immunoglobulin Therapy in Primary/Secondary Immunodeficiencies: Malaysia Study”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Study (Studying):
Study refers to the systematic investigation and analysis aimed at discovering new insights or confirming existing knowledge in a given field. In this context, it highlights a research effort to examine intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) usage patterns, which is critical for informing clinical practices and guidelines in patient care.

2) Table:
Table typically denotes a systematic arrangement of data in rows and columns. In research papers, tables are used for organizing complex information to facilitate easy comparison and understanding. In this context, multiple tables present the indications and demographics of IVIG usage, playing a key role in data visualization.

3) Disease:
Disease refers to any abnormal condition affecting the body, often characterized by specific symptoms. In medical research, understanding diseases is essential for diagnosing, treating, and controlling health conditions. In this study, various diseases are discussed as indications for IVIG therapy, underlining the importance of specific medical conditions in treatment decisions.

4) Blood:
Blood is a vital fluid in the body responsible for transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste products. In the context of immunology, blood components like plasma are crucial for therapies like IVIG, as they derive immunoglobulins from healthy donors, which are used in treating immune deficiencies and other conditions.

5) Allergy:
Allergy refers to an immune system response to a substance that is usually harmless. It's significant in medicine as it shapes treatment approaches. Though not a primary focus in this study, understanding allergy mechanisms can help understand the broader context of immunological disorders treated with therapies like IVIG.

6) Teaching:
Teaching refers to the process of imparting knowledge or skills. In healthcare, education is essential for training medical professionals. This study may serve as a resource for educational purposes, teaching clinicians about IVIG indications and fostering better understanding and prescribing practices in various conditions.

7) Quality:
Quality concerns the standard of something as measured against other things of a similar kind. In healthcare, quality assurance is fundamental to ensure effective patient care. This study implicates the quality of IVIG prescribing practices, highlighting the need for national guidelines to improve treatment quality and patient outcomes.

8) Male:
Male denotes the gender classification of organisms that typically produce small gametes and are associated with certain societal roles and biological attributes. In this study, both male and female patients were investigated regarding IVIG usage, allowing for analysis of gender disparities in treatment indications and outcomes within populations.

9) Reason:
Reason refers to a cause or explanation for an action or event. In medical research, identifying reasons for treatment choices is essential for optimizing patient care. This study aims to elucidate the reasons behind IVIG prescribing patterns for various diseases, guiding clinicians in their decision-making processes.

10) Rules:
Rules can refer to prescribed guidelines or principles governing conduct or procedure. In the context of healthcare, rules ensure ethical practice and standardized treatment approaches. The study underlines the importance of creating rules for IVIG prescriptions, highlighting systemic needs for structured guidelines to enhance clinical decision-making.

11) Fever:
Fever is an elevation of body temperature often indicative of an underlying infection or illness. In this study's medical context, fever is relevant when discussing febrile illnesses such as sepsis, where IVIG therapy might be utilized as part of the treatment protocol to mitigate symptoms and improve patient outcomes.

12) Evolution:
Evolution denotes the gradual development of something, particularly from a simple to a more complex form. In the context of medicine, understanding the evolution of therapies like IVIG can provide insights into current treatment modalities and their effectiveness, informing ongoing research and clinical guidelines in immunology.

13) Medicine:
Medicine is the science and practice of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. This study contributes to the field of medicine by exploring IVIG use in treating various health conditions, underscoring the role of research in evolving medical practices and enhancing patient care strategies.

14) Science (Scientific):
Science is the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experimentation. This study embodies scientific principles by systematically examining IVIG usage, encapsulating findings that emerge from rigorous data analysis, contributing to the body of knowledge in medical science.

15) Kaveri:
Kaveri likely refers to an individual or may represent a research contributor in the article. Scholars in research often collaborate, and here Kaveri appears in the author list, implying involvement in the study's design, analysis, or writing, emphasizing the collaborative nature of scientific investigation.

16) Aureus:
Aureus, usually in medical discussions, references Staphylococcus aureus, a common bacterium responsible for various infections. In the study, it underscores the importance of understanding infectious agents that might require treatments like IVIG, linking bacteria, immunity, and clinical interventions in managing infections effectively.

17) Cancer:
Cancer describes a class of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. Its relevance in this context might pertain to how IVIG is utilized in oncological conditions or related immune dysfunctions. Understanding cancer's impact on immunity helps frame the implications for IVIG therapy within the broader spectrum of health conditions.

18) Chang:
Chang likely refers to an author involved in the research. Author names in studies represent the contributors' diverse expertise, and Chang’s participation implies collaboration across disciplines. This highlights the collective effort required in research to elevate understanding and effectiveness of medical treatments like IVIG.

19) Sah:
Shah is another likely indication of an author contributing to the study. Academic collaborations often combine various expertises for a comprehensive inquiry. Shah’s inclusion suggests involvement in the research, affirming the importance of multidisciplinary efforts in exploring the applications and implications of IVIG.

20) Sang:
Sang may refer to another contributor associated with the research article. The presence of multiple authors exemplifies the collaborative nature of scientific studies, where diverse insights are essential in addressing complex issues such as treatment efficacy with IVIG and enhancing the study's depth and credibility.

21) Line:
Line often refers to a series of connected elements or ideas. In the medical context, discussing treatment lines helps clarify therapeutic approaches. This study delineates first-line versus off-label uses of IVIG, providing a framework for clinicians to understand treatment strategies and prescribing practices.

22) Discussion:
Discussion refers to the exploration and interpretation of findings within research. In the provided text, the discussion section elucidates interpretations of IVIG usage, comparing with existing literature, and providing a platform for understanding implications, thus guiding future research and clinical practice adjustments.

23) Activity:
Activity typically describes a state of being active or a process of doing something. In a medical study context, it can relate to the response of the immune system to therapies like IVIG. Understanding the biological activity of treatments is critical for enhancing patient care and predicting treatment responses.

24) Indian:
Indian, in a medical research context, may refer to the ethnic and demographic factors influencing health outcomes. The study captures diverse patient backgrounds, which can affect clinical decisions. Acknowledging such diversity is crucial for tailored treatment plans and understanding healthcare needs within varied populations.

25) Valley:
Valley may metaphorically represent geographical areas, such as Klang Valley in Malaysia, often denoting where the study was conducted. Understanding geographical influences aids in contextualizing health data, allowing for localized insights into medical practices, patient demographics, and health service accessibility.

26) Jacob:
Jacob can refer to an individual involved in the research, likely as an author. The inclusion of such names emphasizes collaboration, showcasing how interdisciplinary expertise contributes to advancing medical research and developing effective treatment protocols like those involving IVIG.

27) Beta:
Beta often indicates a variant or model in scientific measurements, especially in health statistics. In the context of IVIG, it may concern factors influencing treatment efficacy, highlighting the complexity of immunological responses. Analyzing such variables informs better clinical guidelines and decision making.

28) Food:
Food describes substances consumed to provide nutritional support. In a healthcare study, understanding dietary influences can be vital for patient management. While not a primary focus, nutritional status can impact immune responses and treatment efficacy, thus relevant in broader discussions of health and disease management.

29) Hand:
Hand symbolizes physical engagement or the aspect of care in medicine. It may reflect the manual and interactive components of treatment protocols involving IVIG. The human element in healthcare underscores the importance of clinician-patient interaction, which can influence treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction.

30) Post:
Post may refer to something occurring after a specific event or point in time. In research, it often denotes post-treatment evaluations or outcomes. This study's interpretations of IVIG may involve post-therapeutic assessments that evaluate efficacy, guiding future clinical practices and collaborative research initiatives.

31) Drug:
Drug refers to any substance used in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of disease. In this study, IVIG serves as a drug crucial for managing various medical conditions. Understanding the role of such drugs in clinical practice is essential to optimize patient treatment strategies and outcomes.

Other Science Concepts:

[back to top]

Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Immunoglobulin Therapy in Primary/Secondary Immunodeficiencies: Malaysia Study’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Conflict of interest, Statistical analysis, Age factor, Adverse reaction, Clinical trial, P Value, Anti-inflammatory, Immunomodulator, Meta analysis, Acute Renal Failure, Staphylococcus aureus, Adjuvant therapy, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Case fatality rate, Sepsis, Immunomodulating effect, Purposive Sampling, Septic shock, FDA approved, Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase, Immunosuppressive agent, Bone marrow transplantation, FDA approval, Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, Intravenous immunoglobulin, Proinflammatory cytokine, Second line therapy, Median age, First-Line Therapy, Healthcare-associated infection, Hospital acquired infection, Retrospective cross-sectional study, Bacterial toxins, Chi-Squared Test, Immunoglobulin therapy, Neonatal sepsis, Paediatric patients, Primary Immunodeficiency, Immunoglobulin A, Pharmacy department, Kawasaki disease, Independent sample T-test, Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura, IgG and IgM antibodies, IgG and IgM, Acute phase reactant, Immunoglobulin M, Community-acquired infection, National guideline.

Let's grow together!

I humbly request your help to keep doing what I do best: provide the world with unbiased sources, definitions and images. Your donation direclty influences the quality and quantity of knowledge, wisdom and spiritual insight the world is exposed to.

Let's make the world a better place together!

Like what you read? Consider supporting this website: