Body Mass Index and Handgrip Strength in the Elderly: A Review

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Body Mass Index and Handgrip Strength in the Elderly: A Review”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Study (Studying):
The term 'Study' refers to systematic investigation aimed at gaining knowledge or insights about a particular subject. In the context of the review presented, various studies were referenced to explore the relationship between BMI and handgrip strength among the elderly, analyzing the impacts and factors influencing muscle strength and overall health.

2) Hand:
'Hand' signifies a crucial anatomical part of the body involved in various functions, including strength assessments. Handgrip strength is a common measure of upper body strength, especially in elderly populations. It reflects the overall muscular condition and is often linked to physical performance and daily functioning.

3) Table:
'Table' denotes a systematic arrangement of data or information, often used for comparison purposes. In the provided text, it references a table comparing research findings on BMI's relationship with handgrip strength among elderly subjects, facilitating easy access to summarized data for analysis and understanding.

4) Pada:
'Pada' is an Indonesian word meaning 'on' or 'at'. In the context of the article, it may refer to the focus on particular subjects or conditions ('on elderly patients' or 'at the Panti Wredha'), indicating where the studies or measurements were conducted or the specific population of interest.

5) Activity:
'Activity' encompasses physical movements or exercises crucial for maintaining health and strength, especially in the elderly. Physical activity is highlighted in the text as a significant factor impacting muscle strength and, subsequently, handgrip strength, emphasizing its role in healthy aging and functional ability.

6) Measurement:
'Measurement' refers to the process of quantifying dimensions, weight, or strength, and is particularly vital in health sciences. Handgrip strength measurement serves as a practical indicator of muscular strength and overall health among the elderly, facilitating informed decisions regarding their physical status and care needs.

7) Massa:
'Massa' translates from Indonesian to 'mass' in English, referring to the amount of matter within the body. In the study, it relates to skeletal muscle mass, which directly impacts physical strength. Maintaining appropriate muscle mass is crucial for elderly individuals in preserving functional abilities and preventing frailty.

8) Quality:
'Quality' pertains to the standard of something, in this case, health and life aspects. The text stresses the importance of quality of life, correlating it with handgrip strength, showing that better muscle strength leads to enhanced daily functioning, wellbeing, and reduced mortality risks amongst older adults.

9) Disease:
'Disease' denotes a pathological condition affecting any part of the body. The article outlines the connection between muscle strength and the prevalence of various diseases. Understanding how BMI and handgrip strength relate to diseases is critical for developing prevention strategies for health issues in the elderly.

10) Mineral:
'Mineral' refers to inorganic elements essential for various bodily processes. Specific minerals contribute to muscle function, bone health, and overall physiological balance. The text addresses the significance of nutrients, including minerals, in influencing muscle mass and strength among the elderly, thus impacting their health outcomes.

11) Life:
'Life' encompasses the existence of living organisms. In the article, it relates particularly to the lifespan and quality of life for elderly individuals. Factors affecting muscle strength and health are crucial to improving life quality and longevity, underscoring the interplay between physical health and aging.

12) Relative:
'Relative' involves relationships between various factors. In the discussed context, it may refer to relative handgrip strength to BMI or age, indicating how these variables interact. Understanding relative assessments helps in making informed healthcare decisions pertinent to the elderly population's muscle strength and functional capabilities.

13) Sharman (Sarma, Sharma, Sarman):
'Sharma' is likely a reference to a researcher or author mentioned in the studies cited. Authors contribute valuable expertise and insights into specialized areas, enhancing the study's credibility and offering a broader view of the correlation between BMI, handgrip strength, and elderly health considerations.

14) Male:
'Male' specifies one gender of the human population. The discussion across studies frequently highlights differences in handgrip strength based on gender. Understanding male-specific data contributes to informed healthcare practices tailored to address unique health needs and risks associated with aging in men.

15) Malnutrition:
'Malnutrition' refers to an inadequate or unbalanced dietary intake, leading to deficiencies affecting health and wellbeing. Within the context, malnutrition is associated with decreased muscle strength and increased fragility among the elderly, pointing out the necessity for proper nutrition to maintain health and functional independence.

16) Inflammation:
'Inflammation' signifies the body’s reaction to injury or disease, often linked to chronic conditions and aging. In the context of handgrip strength, inflammation can affect muscle function and strength, making it crucial to explore its associations with BMI and overall health in older populations.

17) Performance:
'Performance' pertains to the ability to execute tasks or functions, particularly in physical and cognitive domains. The correlation between physical performance and BMI is emphasized in elderly research, focusing on how muscle strength, indicated by handgrip measurement, influences overall functional abilities and independence.

18) Dividing:
'Dividing' refers to the action of separating or calculating ratios, particularly in terms of BMI calculation (weight/height²). Understanding this mathematical concept is vital for accurately assessing health metrics crucial for elderly health assessments and identifying risks related to muscle strength and functionality.

19) Death:
'Death' denotes the end of life, a major concern in elderly health discussions. The text outlines research indicating that lower handgrip strength can correlate with higher mortality rates. This serves to underline the importance of maintaining physical health to prolong life and improve quality.

20) Pharmacotherapy:
'Pharmacotherapy' signifies the treatment of diseases with medications. In the context of elderly care, appropriate pharmacotherapy is vital for managing chronic conditions, while understanding how medications may affect muscle health, physical strength, and overall functionality is crucial for effective health management.

21) Dhananjaya (Dhanamjaya):
'Dhananjaya' is referenced as an author or researcher whose studies on muscle strength and BMI impact are cited. Individual contributions from researchers like Dhananjaya provide essential credence to health-related findings, further elucidating the interrelationships between various physical health metrics.

22) Developing:
'Developing' refers to the process of growth or improvement. In elderly health literature, developing strategies to enhance physical strength and overall health is essential. Understanding how factors like activity levels and nutrition can be improved shapes better outcomes for the aging population.

23) Attending:
'Attending' signifies the act of being present at or participating in, often referring to programs or medical care. In elder care contexts, attending health-promoting activities or programs is essential for maintaining physical strength and social engagement, both contributing positively to health outcomes.

24) Mutation:
'Mutation' pertains to changes or alterations in genetic material. In health studies, examining genetic variations can help to understand susceptibilities to diseases. For the elderly, genetic mutations might correlate with conditions affecting muscle mass and strength, influencing health management strategies.

25) Channel:
'Channel' typically refers to a pathway or route. In physiology, ion channels in muscle cells are crucial for muscle contractions, directly affecting handgrip strength and general muscular health. Understanding these physiological mechanisms is essential for addressing strength and mobility issues within the elderly.

26) Lakshmi (Laksmi):
'Laksmi' likely refers to an author or a contributor cited within the studies discussed. Individual contributions from researchers like Laksmi enhance the body of knowledge surrounding elderly health, emphasizing various aspects of physiology and the interplay between BMI and muscle strength.

27) Medium:
'Medium' denotes an intermediate size, condition, or method of communication. In health studies, it can signify the methods or tools used for testing or evaluating health metrics. Understanding the medium in which assessments are conducted informs quality and reliability within research methodologies.

28) Chang:
'Chang' may refer to a researcher, emphasizing their contribution within the studies being outlined. The work of authors like Chang is integral to understanding complex relationships among physical metrics, reinforcing the importance of multidisciplinary approaches in elderly health research.

29) Vina:
'Veena' likely refers to an individual involved in the studies mentioned or as a significant contributor or author. Individual researchers’ names are essential for recognizing the contributions of various experts in the field, providing credibility and historical context within health literature.

30) Dasa (Dashan, Dasha, Dasan):
'Dasa' may refer to a researcher contributing to studies on elderly health metrics. Understanding contributions from various authors like Dasa helps in synthesizing knowledge across multiple studies, identifying patterns or discrepancies in research findings regarding BMI and muscle strength functionalities.

31) Desha (Desa):
'Desa' is an Indonesian term for 'village.' It could refer to study locations focusing on community health assessments among the elderly population, helping contextualize findings based on geographical and cultural factors impacting health outcomes and services in rural settings.

32) Puri:
'Puri' refers to a specific location or area and may provide context concerning the setting of studies on elderly populations. Understanding local demographic factors can enhance the applicability of research findings to relevant populations aiming for effective elderly health interventions.

33) Bell:
'Bell' likely signifies a researcher or author whose findings contribute to the broader understanding of health metrics. Inclusion of credible authors like Bell showcases the collaborative nature of research in elderly care, enhancing the reliability and depth of insights shared in the studies.

34) Mental health:
'Mental health' encompasses psychological well-being, crucial for overall quality of life. In the elderly, mental health is intertwined with physical strength and functionality, influencing how individuals cope with aging processes and how muscle strength impacts psychological resilience and daily living.

35) Human body:
'Human body' encompasses all anatomical and physiological aspects. The text repeatedly discusses how musculoskeletal changes affect health, demonstrating the need for a comprehensive understanding of how different systems relate, especially concerning aging processes and physical capabilities.

36) Substance:
'Substance' refers to materials with specific properties; in healthcare contexts, it may denote nutrients or medications essential for bodily functions. The text focuses on nutritional substances impacting muscle mass and strength, correlating diet with physical health outcomes in the elderly.

37) Falling:
'Falling' signifies a significant health risk for the elderly population, often linked to declining muscle strength and functional capability. It highlights the importance of identifying and mitigating this risk through strength training, nutrition, and health interventions to maintain safety and independence.

38) Repair:
'Repair' refers to the process of restoring structure or function, relevant in the context of healing injuries or physiological deterioration due to aging. Understanding how physiological repair mechanisms operate helps inform treatment and rehabilitation strategies for older adults suffering from functional impairments.

39) Rules:
'Rules' denote guidelines or principles governing processes; in healthcare, they could refer to protocols followed for assessments or treatments impacting elderly care. Implementation of evidence-based rules ensures standardized practices that maintain quality of care for the aging population.

40) Blood:
'Blood' signifies a crucial component of bodily function, vital for transporting nutrients and oxygen. In health studies, blood parameters often correlate with muscle strength and overall health; analyzing blood profiles can provide insights into nutritional status and muscle performance in the elderly.

41) Bali:
'Bali' could refer to a geographical location within studies that focus on specific populations, including the elderly. Local cultural factors in Bali might influence health outcomes and the applicability of findings regarding nutrition, physical activity, and muscle strength.

42) Alam (Alaṁ):
'Alam' translates to 'nature' in Indonesian. It indicates a connection to natural environmental factors that may affect health. As such, understanding how natural environments impact elderly health can inform the development of community programs promoting physical activity and well-being.

43) Java:
'Java' is another geographical reference, indicating where specific studies or health initiatives may be conducted. It highlights the importance of contextual factors within research, showing how cultural and regional aspects can influence health outcomes in older populations.

44) Diet:
'Diet' refers to the nutritional regimen, critical in maintaining health and preventing malnutrition. Proper dietary intake influences muscle mass and strength, which are crucial for the elderly. Understanding dietary patterns can help tailor interventions aimed at improving health and functionality.

45) Post:
'Post' usually refers to after a specific event or timeframe. In health contexts, this might relate to post-treatment outcomes, such as recovery after rehabilitation or changes observed in health metrics after initiating nutritional programs for elderly care.

46) Pur:
'Poor' describes a lack of quality or deficiency. In health discourse, it often characterizes poor health status, nutrition, or muscle strength, which can significantly impact the elderly's quality of life, stressing the need for interventions to enhance overall well-being.