Morphological Study of Sphenoid Foramina and Spurs for Neurovascular Risk

| Posted in: Science

Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: Morphological Measurements of Innominate Foramina and Bony Spurs along the Base of Sphenoid as a Potential Risk Factor for Neurovascular Entrapment, Radiological Interpretation and Surgical Access
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
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Original source:

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Author:

Roshni Sadashiv, Suresh Managutti, Veena Kulkarni, Arun V Kulkarni, Umesh Dixit


The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:

(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)

Full text available for: Morphological Measurements of Innominate Foramina and Bony Spurs along the Base of Sphenoid as a Potential Risk Factor for Neurovascular Entrapment, Radiological Interpretation and Surgical Access

Year: 2023 | Doi: 10.21315/mjms2023.30.2.8

Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0


Download the PDF file of the original publication


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

The base of the skull presents significant challenges for surgeons, neurologists, and anesthetists due to the restricted access and compression of neurovascular structures caused by various anatomical variations. This study focused on conducting a morphometric analysis of innominate foramina and abnormal osseous formations, specifically bony bars and spurs on the infratemporal surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. Understanding these structures' characteristics and implications is essential in clinical practice, as they may affect neurovascular pathways and lead to misdiagnosis if not properly identified during radiological evaluations.

Abnormal Bony Growth and Neurovascular Compression

A significant finding from the study was the identification of anomalous bony bars in 22 of the 100 skulls examined (25.28%). Specifically, complete bony bars were found in 8 skulls (9.1%), while partial projections were present in 14 skulls (16.09%). These bony formations can cause compression of neurovascular structures, particularly affecting the mandibular nerve as it exits through the foramen ovale into the infratemporal fossa. Such compression can result in symptoms like weakness in mastication, numbness, and other neurological disturbances. The study highlighted that these abnormal formations may be mistaken for pathologies during radiological interpretations, potentially leading to delayed diagnoses and inappropriate clinical management.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the presence of unnamed foramina and abnormal bony outgrowths at the skull base poses significant clinical challenges. Although the incidence of clinically significant neurovascular compression due to these anomalies is limited, the evolving understanding of these anatomical variants is critical for surgeons and radiologists. Thorough documentation and awareness of such foramina are essential for improving surgical approaches and diagnostic accuracy in clinical practice, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes in surgical and neurological care.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What are the challenges posed by neurovascular structures at the skull base?

Restricted access and compression due to anatomical variations at the skull base present challenges for surgeons, neurologists, and anesthetists, affecting the management of several conditions related to neurovascular structures.

What methods were used in the study of skulls?

The study analyzed 100 dry-aged human adult skulls, excluding damaged ones. Detailed morphometric measurements of innominate foramina and anomalous osseous structures were performed using a sliding digital vernier caliper for precision.

What were the key findings regarding bony bars and foramina?

An anomalous bony bar was found in 25.28% of skulls, with a complete bar in 9.1%. An innominate foramen was observed, showing compression risks for neurovascular structures during passage through these foramina.

Why is understanding these anatomical variations important?

Knowledge of these unnamed foramina and bony outgrowths is crucial for surgical planning, radiological interpretations, and preventing misdiagnosis, ensuring better management of conditions related to neurovascular structures.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Morphological Study of Sphenoid Foramina and Spurs for Neurovascular Risk”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Study (Studying):
In the context of this article, 'study' refers to the comprehensive examination and analysis of 100 dry human skulls to evaluate anatomical variations, particularly focusing on the morphometric analysis of innominate foramina and bony outgrowths. The study’s results are crucial for understanding the anatomical relevance and implications in surgical procedures.

2) Table:
A table is typically used to present data in a structured format, which facilitates the comparison of measurements or characteristics. In this research, a table showcases the mean distances of the innominate foramen from nearby anatomical landmarks, enhancing clarity and enabling quick reference for clinicians evaluating skull anatomy.

3) Indian:
The term 'Indian' denotes the geographical and cultural context of the study, which is conducted in India. It reinforces the relevance of the findings to the local population and signifies that the research adds to the body of knowledge regarding human anatomical variations specific to Indian demographics.

4) Relative:
'Relative' refers to the comparative nature of certain findings or measurements. It may indicate the position or significance of one anatomical feature in relation to another, thereby emphasizing the interconnectedness of anatomical structures and their clinical implications, particularly in neurovascular compression and surgical interventions.

5) Surface:
Surface describes the anatomical features present at the surface of bones, such as the greater wing of the sphenoid. Understanding the surface structures aids surgeons and clinicians in identifying potential landmarks and navigating complex regions of the skull base during surgical procedures, benefiting from accurate knowledge of skeletal anatomy.

6) Porus:
In anatomical terms, 'porus' often refers to a small opening or passage in a bone through which nerves and blood vessels may travel. The study assesses various foramina at the skull base, elucidating their significance in surgical approaches, potential neurovascular compression, and implications for clinical practice.

7) Pose:
'Pose' in this context typically relates to the potential challenges or risks presented by anatomical variations, such as the presence of bony bars or foramina. These structures can compress neurovascular bundles, leading to complications, thereby posing significant implications for surgical strategies and anatomical awareness in clinical settings.

8) Measurement:
Measurement in this research refers to specific quantitative analyses conducted on cranial anatomical features, particularly diameters and distances between foramina. Accurate measurements are essential for evaluating anatomical variations, guiding surgical techniques, and interpreting radiological images, thus ensuring the safety and efficacy of surgical interventions in sensitive anatomical areas.

9) Rashmi (Rasmi):
'Rashmi' is likely the name of one of the authors involved in the study, contributing to its design, data collection, or analysis. Recognizing the contributions of individual researchers underscores the collaborative nature of scientific inquiry and highlights the importance of various perspectives in enriching the study’s outcomes.

10) Shilpin (Silpin, Silpi, Shilpi):
'Shilpi' is another author contributing to the research, signifying the collaborative character of the inquiry. Acknowledging each author's role is fundamental in scientific publications, as it brings attention to diverse expertise and perspectives that collectively enhance the rigor and quality of research findings.

11) India:
The mention of 'India' situates the research geographically and culturally, referring to the population from which the skulls were sourced. It highlights the importance of localized studies in understanding anatomical variations that may differ across different ethnic groups, thus enriching the global knowledge of human anatomy.

12) Nayak:
'Nayak' appears to identify another author associated with the research. Acknowledging the contributions of each author emphasizes the collaborative aspect of scientific work, where diverse skills and knowledge coalesce to produce a comprehensive study, ultimately advancing our understanding of complex anatomical structures.

13) Pearl:
'Pearl' may refer to a significant or insightful finding within the study, such as a unique anatomical feature or a vital piece of information that contributes to clinical understanding. Identifying such pearls is crucial in translational medicine, where basic research informs clinical practice and patient care.

14) Bala:
'Bala' is referenced as one of the authors, showcasing the collaborative effort behind the research. Author contributions are essential for attributing credit appropriately and recognizing the collective effort in advancing anatomical knowledge, which is essential for enhancing surgical practices related to the skull base.

15) Ter:
'Ther' likely emerges as part of 'therapeutic' or similar terms, relating to the application of study findings when addressing medical conditions influenced by anatomical variations. Understanding these factors is vital for developing effective treatment strategies, particularly those targeted at conditions like neuralgia arising from skull base issues.

16) Inflammation:
'Inflammation' refers to the biological process that can be triggered by various factors in the anatomical context studied. Recognizing inflammation's role in conditions affecting the neurovascular structures at the skull base is essential for understanding the clinical implications and potential complications that may arise during treatment.

17) Surrounding:
Surrounding pertains to nearby anatomical structures related to the main focus of the study, such as adjacent foramina and bony projections. Understanding their relationships is vital for surgical procedures, as it aids in comprehending how alterations in one structure may influence the adjacent neurovascular components.

18) Discussion:
'Discussion' encompasses the section of the research that interprets the findings, relates them to existing literature, and explores their implications for clinical practice. This critical analysis allows for a deeper understanding of the results and provides recommendations, reinforcing the study's relevance in real-world application.

19) Collecting:
'Collecting' generally refers to the methodology involved in gathering data or specimens for analysis. It is essential in research as it ensures that accurate and relevant data underpins the findings, contributing to the robustness and credibility of the study outcomes in anatomical exploration.

20) Salivation:
Salivation pertains to the production of saliva, which can be influenced by anatomical variations and neural compressions discussed in the study. Understanding its implications is crucial in diagnosing related disorders and improving surgical outcomes that may impact the neural structures responsible for salivation.

21) Knowledge:
'Knowledge' is a fundamental outcome of any research, emphasizing the importance of findings in expanding understanding within a specific field. In this context, the knowledge gained from studying anatomical variations at the skull base informs surgical practices, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches, aiding healthcare providers.

22) Dividing:
'Dividing' refers to the act of splitting anatomical structures or foramina, which can complicate anatomical relationships and lead to clinical implications. Recognizing variations that divide foramina is essential for surgeons to avoid inadvertent injuries and to manage complex neural or vascular pathways effectively.

23) Disease:
Disease refers to pathological conditions that may arise from anatomical variations studied, such as neural compression or inflammation. Understanding these correlations is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment planning, highlighting the clinical relevance of anatomical knowledge for healthcare professionals.

24) Dealing:
'Dealing' implies the management or handling of issues that arise regarding anatomical variations. This is critical in clinical settings, where healthcare providers must navigate unique anatomical scenarios to ensure patient safety and optimal surgical results, underscoring the importance of this study in clinical practice.

25) Rules:
'Rules' can refer to the established guidelines or principles that govern anatomical study and clinical practice. Adhering to these rules is fundamental for ensuring accurate interpretation and application of anatomical knowledge in surgical interventions, preventing complications, and enhancing patient outcomes.

26) Doubt:
'Doubt' represents the uncertainties or questions that may arise in light of the findings. Addressing doubts is essential in scientific inquiry as it fosters further research and dialogue, encouraging continuous examination and validation of anatomical concepts that can enhance practical applications.

27) Veli:
'Veli' likely pertains to the 'tensor veli palatini,' a muscle relevant in the anatomy of the skull base. Understanding its relationships and functions helps clarify clinical implications, particularly in conditions affecting the Eustachian tube and its associated disorders, thus offering insights for surgical approaches.

28) Post:
'Post' could refer to positions or structures located posteriorly in the cranial anatomy. Understanding the post-anatomical relationships is crucial for guiding surgical approaches and enhancing knowledge of neurovascular paths, minimizing damage to adjacent structures during operative procedures.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Morphological Study of Sphenoid Foramina and Spurs for Neurovascular Risk’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Conflict of interest, Clinical significance, Surgical implications, Institutional Ethical Clearance, Clinical application, Surgical approach, Trigeminal Neuralgia, Digital camera, Sphenoid bone, Vascular lesions, Cranial nerve, Morphometric analysis, Clinical anatomists, Digital vernier caliper, Osseous structures, Neurovascular compression, Neurovascular structure.

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