Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant System in Selected Skin Disorders
Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant System in Selected Skin Disorders
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
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Original source:
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Juliana Md Jaffri
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:
(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)
Full text available for: Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant System in Selected Skin Disorders
Year: 2023 | Doi: 10.21315/mjms2023.30.1.2
Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0
Download the PDF file of the original publication
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The skin, being the largest organ of the human body, serves as a vital barrier against environmental insults, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation and air pollutants. The skin's protective system comprises a primary barrier known as the stratum corneum and a comprehensive antioxidant defense system that maintains normal redox homeostasis. Although the epidermal and dermal cells continuously encounter physiological levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress can arise from both endogenous metabolic activities and exogenous environmental sources, leading to structural damage and various skin disorders such as psoriasis, acne vulgaris, vitiligo, and atopic dermatitis.
Impact of Oxidative Stress on Skin Disorders
One critical concept is the relationship between oxidative stress and inflammation in skin disorders. In conditions like psoriasis and acne vulgaris, patients often exhibit lower levels of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), which are essential for neutralizing harmful ROS. This depletion of antioxidants correlates with increased oxidative stress markers, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), and contributes to the pathogenesis of these disorders. Furthermore, oxidative stress has been identified as a trigger for inflammatory cytokines, promoting processes that can lead to skin lesions and exacerbation of symptoms. The interplay between ROS, antioxidant levels, and inflammation highlights the importance of maintaining a balanced oxidative state to prevent the progression of skin disorders.
Conclusion
In summary, understanding the roles of oxidative stress and the skin's antioxidant defense system is critical in elucidating the pathophysiology of various skin disorders. Evidence suggests that an imbalance in oxidative status can exacerbate inflammatory responses, especially in conditions like psoriasis, acne, vitiligo, and atopic dermatitis. Future research should aim to deepen our understanding of the molecular pathways involved and explore potential therapeutic strategies, including the use of antioxidants, to manage and mitigate oxidative stress and its detrimental effects on skin health.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What role do antioxidants play in skin health?
Antioxidants defend against oxidative stress by neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS), protecting skin cells from damage and maintaining overall skin health. They help counteract the effects of environmental stressors, contributing to skin moisture, elasticity, and healing.
How does oxidative stress affect skin disorders?
Oxidative stress contributes to various skin disorders by disrupting the redox balance. Conditions like psoriasis, acne vulgaris, vitiligo, and atopic dermatitis show lower antioxidant levels, indicating a link between oxidative stress and inflammation in their pathogenesis.
What are common sources of reactive oxygen species for skin?
Common sources of reactive oxygen species include environmental factors like UV radiation, air pollutants, and internal metabolic processes. These sources can lead to oxidative stress, damaging skin cells and promoting various skin disorders.
What skin conditions are linked to oxidative stress?
Oxidative stress is linked to several skin conditions, including psoriasis, acne vulgaris, vitiligo, and atopic dermatitis. Lower antioxidant levels in these disorders indicate a potential role of oxidative stress in their development and progression.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant System in Selected Skin Disorders”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Disease:
Disease refers to a pathological condition of a living organism that disrupts normal bodily functions. In the context of skin health, diseases like psoriasis, acne vulgaris, vitiligo, and atopic dermatitis exemplify conditions where oxidative stress plays a crucial role in their pathogenesis, highlighting the need for effective antioxidant defenses.
2) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens or injuries. In skin disorders, increased oxidative stress can exacerbate inflammation, contributing to symptoms like swelling, redness, and pain. The interplay between oxidative stress and inflammation is critical for understanding and managing skin diseases.
3) Activity:
Activity, in this context, often relates to the biochemical processes within skin cells and their responses to oxidative stress. The activity of antioxidant enzymes is essential to maintain skin health by counteracting reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can lead to cellular damage, influencing skin disorders.
4) Species:
Species can refer to various biological classifications, such as types of cells or organisms involved in the skin's health. In oxidative stress discussions, different species of reactive oxygen (like superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide) are crucial as they contribute to oxidative damage and play roles in various skin conditions.
5) Accumulation (Accumulating, Accumulate):
Accumulated denotes the build-up of substances over time and is significant in the context of oxidative stress in skin health. Understanding how accumulated oxidative stress markers correlate with skin conditions informs preventive and therapeutic strategies for management.
6) Indian:
Indian may refer to contexts in medical research related to specific populations or studies conducted in India. Understanding the epidemiology and environmental factors affecting skin diseases in Indian populations can inform better prevention and treatment strategies tailored to local health needs and lifestyles.
7) Egypt:
Egypt, like India, can provide insights into specific regional studies regarding skin diseases. Research on oxidative stress and skin disorders in Egyptian populations can reveal unique genetic, environmental, or dietary influences, aiding in the development of targeted interventions for managing oxidative damage and skin health.
8) Table:
Table can refer to a summarized presentation of data or results in scientific studies. It helps to organize and display key findings, such as levels of antioxidants or biomarkers in different skin disorders, allowing for easier comparison and understanding of the relationships between oxidative stress and skin health.
9) Quality:
Quality signifies the standard of various factors, such as environmental conditions, dietary intake, or skin health. High-quality diets rich in antioxidants can combat oxidative stress and improve skin health, while poor quality could exacerbate skin disorders, emphasizing the importance of nutrition in maintaining skin quality.
10) Surface:
Surface relates to the outermost layer of skin that interacts with the environment. It is crucial in protecting against oxidative stress and environmental insults. The surface's integrity and antioxidant capacity are vital for maintaining skin health, as damages contribute to various skin diseases.
11) Substance:
Substance refers to any material or chemical involved in biological processes, particularly those affecting skin health. Substances like antioxidants play protective roles, while harmful substances (like air pollutants) can contribute to oxidative stress and worsen skin conditions, stressing the importance of maintaining a healthy environment.
12) Allergy:
Allergy denotes an abnormal immune response to substances that are typically harmless. Skin allergies can be aggravated by oxidative stress and inflammation, leading to conditions like atopic dermatitis. Understanding oxidative mechanisms can provide insights into managing allergic skin reactions effectively.
13) Attili:
Attili may refer to a specific researcher or a family name associated with studies within dermatology. The contributions of researchers like Attili enhance knowledge regarding the connection between oxidative stress and various skin diseases, paving the way for new therapeutic approaches.
14) Cancer:
Cancer represents a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. Oxidative stress is implicated in various cancers, including skin cancer. Understanding its role in promoting cellular mutations aids in developing preventative and therapeutic strategies to reduce cancer risk associated with oxidative damage.
15) Sharman (Sarma, Sharma, Sarman):
Sharma can indicate a specific researcher or author involved in the field of dermatology or oxidative stress studies. Contributions from researchers like Sharma can illuminate insights into the protective roles of antioxidants against oxidative damage in skin health and diseases.
16) Kadam:
Kadam refers to a specific author or researcher known for their work in understanding oxidative stress and skin conditions. Their studies often contribute to the body of knowledge necessary for developing effective interventions for managing oxidative damage in skin diseases.
17) Cutan:
Cutan often relates to dermatological associations or references in the discussion of skin health. Understanding factors affecting skin cutaneous health can inform treatment options and enhance the knowledge about oxidative stress and its impact on dermatological conditions.
18) Hair:
Hair, in dermatological context, often relates to health and disorders affecting scalp and skin conditions. Understanding oxidative stress's impact on hair can lead to insights about hair health and potential treatments for conditions such as hair loss or scalp inflammation.
19) Glass:
Glass may refer to the clarity or transparency, used metaphorically to represent the need for clear understanding in research. In scientific studies, clarity is essential for accurately interpreting findings related to oxidative stress and its impact on skin diseases.
20) Study (Studying):
Study refers to research investigations aimed at understanding specific phenomena, such as the role of oxidative stress in skin conditions. Through rigorous studies, scientists gather data to determine causal relationships and develop effective treatment strategies for skin diseases influenced by oxidative stress.
21) Beta:
Beta often relates to beta-carotene, an antioxidant known for its role in protecting skin from oxidative damage. Increased dietary intake of beta-carotene can enhance skin health by neutralizing harmful free radicals and supporting overall skin integrity against oxidative stress.
22) Food:
Food refers to the substances consumed to provide nutritional support. In the context of skin health, diets rich in antioxidants (from fruits, vegetables) are essential for combating oxidative stress, thereby supporting skin health and potentially reducing the risk of skin disorders associated with oxidative damage.
23) Human body:
The human body is an intricate system that encompasses various functions, including those related to skin health. Understanding oxidative stress impacts on the human body illuminates pathways for maintaining skin integrity and preventing diseases through antioxidant mechanisms.
24) Venkata (Vemkata):
Venkata may refer to a specific researcher involved in dermatology or skin health studies. Their work can contribute to the understanding of how oxidative stress influences skin conditions, informing treatment methods to mitigate oxidative damage.
25) Shravani (Sravani):
Sravani can denote a specific researcher whose contributions to dermatology help unravel complex relationships between oxidative stress and various skin diseases, providing valuable insights into prevention and management strategies.
26) Family:
Family refers to a group of related organisms or individuals. In biological studies, such classifications can help in understanding genetic predispositions to certain skin conditions, including how genetic factors interplay with oxidative stress in dermatological disorders.
27) Shalem (Salem):
Salem may represent an author whose research contributes to realms of dermatology or oxidative stress investigations. Their findings help delineate pathways through which oxidative stress affects skin health, guiding strategies for effective interventions in skin disorders.
28) Water:
Water is vital for maintaining overall bodily functions, including skin health. Adequate hydration supports skin barrier function and can influence oxidative stress levels, further impacting the skin's ability to combat environmental factors leading to various skin issues.
29) Earth:
Earth refers to the environmental context in which human beings and their skin exist. Understanding the impact of environmental stressors (like pollution) on skin oxidative processes is crucial in addressing skin health challenges in various geographical locations.
30) Anna:
Anna may refer to an author or researcher in the context of studies regarding oxidative stress and skin conditions. Contributions from such individuals are instrumental in enhancing understanding of dermatological health issues and the role of antioxidants.
31) Gani:
Gani can represent an author or a researcher involved in exploring the relationships between oxidative stress and skin disorders. Their work helps unveil mechanisms of disease progression and potential therapeutic targets within dermatology.
32) Babu:
Babu may refer to a contributor or researcher in dermatology who provides important insights into oxidative stress and its effect on skin health. Research in this area can lead to better treatment options for oxidative stress-related skin conditions.
33) Dang:
Dang may denote a researcher whose work focuses on the interrelations of oxidative stress with skin health. Understanding these connections can direct future research and therapeutics aiming to mitigate oxidative damage in dermatological contexts.
34) Line:
Line can refer to genetic lineage or the pathway of research inquiries that trace the impacts of oxidative stress on skin diseases. Understanding lineage helps in the comprehension of hereditary factors that influence skin health and antioxidant mechanisms.
35) Ter:
Ther may refer to a specific connection in research involving therapeutic approaches regarding skin health and oxidative stress management. Highlighting effective therapies can help in combating oxidative damage and maintaining skin integrity.
36) Life:
Life signifies the biological essence and functioning of living organisms, including their responses to stressors. Understanding how oxidative stress affects skin life cycles informs strategies for therapeutic intervention in skin disorders caused by oxidative damage.
37) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds found in plants known for their health benefits, including antioxidant properties. Consuming phytochemicals can help neutralize oxidative stress in the skin, promoting skin health and potentially reducing the incidence of skin disorders.
38) Measurement:
Measurement refers to the methodologies used to quantify specific biomarkers or stress levels associated with skin health. Accurate measurement of oxidative stress and antioxidants in clinical studies is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies for skin conditions.
39) Developing:
Developing relates to the progression of skin conditions influenced by various factors like oxidative stress. Recognizing development patterns in skin diseases allows for targeted interventions and therapy design to prevent deterioration of skin health.
40) Evolution:
Evolution refers to the gradual changes in organisms over time. In dermatological contexts, understanding how genetic variations relating to oxidative stress evolution influence skin disorders is vital for advancing prevention and treatment strategies.
41) Mutation:
Mutation signifies changes in the DNA sequence that can have deleterious effects, including increased susceptibility to skin diseases. Oxidative stress can lead to mutations in skin cells, necessitating an understanding of these processes for therapeutic advancements.
42) Swelling:
Swelling is often a clinical manifestation of inflammation. In skin disorders, swelling can result from oxidative stress-related responses, emphasizing the need for addressing oxidative pathways in treatment approaches for effective management of inflammatory skin conditions.
43) Bleeding:
Bleeding refers to the loss of blood from damaged vessels. In skin health, oxidative stress can compromise capillary integrity, leading to bleeding and necessitating strategies to restore skin barrier function and vascular health.
44) Weeping:
Weeping denotes the oozing of fluid from disrupted skin barriers, often occurring in inflammatory skin conditions. Recognizing the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in weeping disorders aids in developing targeted therapeutic interventions.
45) Wounded:
Wounded relates to damaged skin requiring repair. Oxidative stress can hinder healing processes, making it essential to understand the interactions between oxidative stress, inflammation, and wound healing for improved treatment outcomes.
46) Account:
Account can reference considering or recognizing specific factors affecting skin conditions. In understanding oxidative stress's role, taking into account various contributing elements, including diet and environment, enhances strategies for managing skin disorders effectively.
47) Itching:
Itching is a common symptom of skin disorders often accompanied by increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Addressing oxidative pathways can help alleviate atopic dermatitis or other itching-related conditions, improving patient quality of life.
48) Repair:
Repair refers to the biological processes that restore skin integrity after injury. Antioxidants play a crucial role in facilitating skin healing by counteracting oxidative stress, underscoring the importance of maintaining a healthy balance in skin repair mechanisms.
49) Nature:
Nature often denotes the inherent qualities or natural environment influencing health, including skin health. Understanding the natural influences of oxidative stress can guide environmental and nutritional strategies for maintaining skin integrity.
50) Reason:
Reason refers to the cause or justification behind phenomena observed in skin health. Understanding the reasons behind oxidative stress involvement in skin disorders can guide research and therapeutic approaches for better outcomes.
51) Animal:
Animal can denote the living organisms used in research studies to investigate skin conditions and oxidative stress. Understanding how oxidative stress affects animal models provides insights that can be translated into human contexts for better treatments.
52) Kappa:
Kappa may refer to specific proteins or pathways involved in skin health. Understanding kappa signaling pathways can provide insights into how oxidative stress influences inflammatory responses and skin disorders.
53) Cloud:
Cloud may symbolize environmental factors, such as air pollution, that contribute to skin health issues. Recognizing the influence of environmental stressors on skin oxidative status is vital for developing preventive strategies against skin disorders.
54) Death:
Death signifies the cessation of biological functions. In the context of skin health, understanding how oxidative stress contributes to cellular death informs the development of therapeutic therapies to prevent cell damage and maintain skin vitality.
55) Blood:
Blood plays a crucial role in delivering nutrients and oxygen to skin tissues. Understanding the relationship between oxidative stress in blood circulation and skin health can aid in developing therapeutic strategies to improve skin conditions driven by systemic factors.
56) Diet:
Diet denotes the composition of food consumed and plays a significant role in skin health. A diet rich in antioxidants can help combat oxidative stress and promote overall skin integrity, impacting conditions such as acne, psoriasis, and dermatitis.
57) Pain:
Pain represents a sensory experience often associated with skin damage or inflammatory conditions. Understanding the relationship between oxidative stress and pain pathways is critical in designing effective treatments and improving patient comfort in skin disorders.
58) Post:
Post often refers to information or narratives shared after an event. Posting research findings on oxidative stress and skin health enhances community awareness and promotes better understanding and management of skin diseases based on scientific evidence.
59) Pur:
Poor signifies suboptimal conditions or states, which can refer to inadequate skin health caused by oxidative stress, inflammation, or nutrient deficiencies. Recognizing poor skin health indicators helps in targeting interventions for improving skin integrity and reducing disease prevalence.
60) Male:
Male may denote a demographic factor influencing the prevalence or presentation of certain skin conditions. Understanding gender-based differences in oxidative stress responses and skin health is vital for tailored therapeutic approaches addressing specific needs.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant System in Selected Skin Disorders’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
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