Logic Model Application in School-Based Adolescent Smoking Cessation
Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: Application of the Logic Model to the School-Based Fit and Smart Adolescent Smoking Cessation Programme
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
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Nur Atikah Abdul Halim, Lei Hum Wee, Nur Zakiah Mohd Saat, Swinderjit Jag Jit Singh, Ching Sin Siau, Caryn Mei Hsien Chan
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The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:
(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)
Full text available for: Application of the Logic Model to the School-Based Fit and Smart Adolescent Smoking Cessation Programme
Year: 2022 | Doi: 10.21315/mjms2022.29.5.14
Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
In recent years, the use of conventional and electronic cigarettes among adolescents in Malaysia has significantly increased, raising concerns about potential tobacco addiction and early smoking onset leading to dependency in adulthood. To address this issue, existing smoking prevention initiatives have been implemented, yet a clear school-based smoking cessation programme has not been empirically established. This study outlines the development process of the Fit and Smart Adolescent Smoking Cessation Programme (FSSCP), utilizing a logic model which serves as a visual planning tool for establishing objectives, identifying barriers, and evaluating results within the target population.
Importance of the Logic Model
The logic model played a crucial role in the planning, implementation, and evaluation phases of the FSSCP. This framework facilitated collaboration among various stakeholders, including the National Cancer Society of Malaysia and multiple schools, ensuring alignment with the existing health strategies from the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education. During the programme, a comprehensive multi-component intervention, including counselling, peer influence, community involvement, and the promotion of a tobacco-free school policy, yielded significant results. The formative evaluation indicated that a notable 41.8% quit rate was achieved at the 3-month follow-up, alongside high satisfaction rates among participants. The logic model not only enhanced the programme's organization but also provided clear pathways for assessing its effectiveness.
Conclusion
The successful application of the logic model within the FSSCP demonstrates its efficacy as a framework for developing and evaluating school-based smoking cessation interventions. By prioritizing stakeholder involvement and ensuring that the programme aligns with community needs, the approach enhances its likelihood of sustainability and effectiveness. The findings underscore the necessity of comprehensive planning to reduce adolescent smoking rates and highlight the potential impact of structured interventions on fostering healthier environments for youth.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the aim of the Fit and Smart Programme?
The Fit and Smart Adolescent Smoking Cessation Programme (FSSCP) aims to assist adolescents aged 13 to 17 who smoke conventional and electronic cigarettes to quit smoking through a school-based intervention.
How was the FSSCP implemented in schools?
The FSSCP was implemented through a two-arm cluster-randomised controlled trial involving six schools in Kuala Lumpur from January to November 2018, with selected students participating in the programme.
What were the main components of the FSSCP?
The FSSCP utilized a multi-component approach, including counselling, peer influence, community involvement, and the implementation of a tobacco-free school policy to support smoking cessation among adolescents.
What were the results of the FSSCP after three months?
At the three-month follow-up, the quit rate was 41.8%, indicating that a significant number of participants successfully stopped smoking after completing the FSSCP.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Logic Model Application in School-Based Adolescent Smoking Cessation”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Table:
A 'Table' in research articles is a systematic arrangement of data or information presented in rows and columns, facilitating easy comparison, analysis, and understanding of the results. It summarizes key findings, demographic data, or methodology, enhancing clarity for readers and supporting statistical analysis in studies.
2) Study (Studying):
'Study' refers to a systematic investigation designed to generate new knowledge or validate existing knowledge. In the context of health research, such as smoking cessation programs, it typically involves the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data to draw conclusions that can impact public health policies or practices.
3) Education:
'Education' is the process of facilitating learning, acquiring knowledge, skills, values, and attitudes. In the context of adolescent smoking cessation, education plays a critical role in raising awareness about the harms of smoking and equipping young individuals with tools and strategies to quit effectively.
4) Post:
'Post' generally refers to a time frame following a specific event or intervention. In research language, it often denotes the period used to assess outcomes or effects after an intervention, such as evaluating the sustained effectiveness of a smoking cessation program after its completion.
5) Perception:
'Perception' is the process of interpreting sensory information and is crucial in understanding how individuals view their behaviors and consequences. In smoking cessation, perceptions about the dangers of smoking and the effectiveness of cessation programs significantly influence adolescents' motivation to quit.
6) Pir:
'Peer' refers to individuals who are of similar age or status, particularly important in adolescent contexts. Peer influence can significantly affect behaviors, such as smoking initiation or cessation, making peer-based interventions vital in programs aiming to change smoking behavior among youth.
7) Developing:
'Developing' in research refers to the process of creating, improving, or enhancing a program, tool, or intervention. This term highlights stages like conceptualization, planning, and implementation, particularly when referring to effective smoking cessation strategies tailored to adolescent needs within educational settings.
8) Training:
'Training' involves teaching skills or knowledge necessary for participants to engage in specific behaviors or tasks effectively. In school-based smoking cessation programs, training counselors, teachers, and peers is essential to provide effective support and inform adolescents about quitting smoking methods.
9) Cancer:
'Cancer' is a significant topic in public health, especially concerning smoking, which is a leading cause of various cancers. The discussion of cancer in smoking cessation programs emphasizes the heavy health burden and motivates adolescents to quit smoking to reduce their cancer risk.
10) Discussion:
'Discussion' is a critical component of research articles where authors interpret their findings, relate them to existing literature, and highlight implications. Engaging discussions create a deeper understanding of results and support future research or public health initiatives, particularly in smoking-related studies.
11) Substance:
'Substance' refers to specific chemical compounds, often used in the context of addictive or recreational usage, including tobacco products. Understanding the substance's nature, effects, and social implications is vital for effective smoking cessation programs targeting adolescents to address addiction correctly.
12) Disease:
'Disease' refers to a condition that negatively affects an individual's health. Smoking is associated with numerous diseases, including lung cancer, heart disease, and respiratory illnesses. Education on these disease risks is crucial for motivating adolescents to join cessation programs and avoid harmful habits.
13) Meeting:
'Meeting' refers to gatherings of individuals, such as researchers, educators, and stakeholders discussing specific programs or interventions. In a smoking cessation context, meetings facilitate collaboration, idea sharing, and planning, ensuring effective implementation of strategies and stakeholder consensus on program objectives.
14) Relative:
'Relative' denotes how something relates to or is compared with something else. In research contexts, it often pertains to the relative effectiveness of interventions, such as comparing a new smoking cessation program to existing ones to determine which yields better outcomes for adolescents.
15) Science (Scientific):
'Science' involves systematic studies of the natural world through observation, experimentation, and analysis. In health-related research, scientific methods are utilized to explore the effects of smoking, evaluate interventions, and understand health behaviors, contributing to evidence-based public health policies.
16) Rules:
'Rules' refer to established guidelines or principles governing specific actions or behaviors. In the context of smoking cessation programs, rules can include defining eligibility criteria, intervention protocols, and evaluation metrics, serving as the framework for maintaining program integrity and effectiveness.
17) Drug:
'Drug' typically refers to substances that can alter physiological functions or perceptions, including tobacco and nicotine products. Discussions surrounding drug use in the context of smoking cessation are vital to educate adolescents about addiction risks and the importance of quitting.
18) Account:
'Account' can refer to various contexts, but in health research, it sometimes implies a systematic narrative or explanation of an experience. In smoking cessation studies, accounts of participant experiences can inform researchers about the perceived challenges and successes in quitting smoking efforts.
19) Smita:
'Smita' likely refers to a specific researcher or author associated with the study or publication. Including references to authors provides recognition for their contributions and expertise in the subject, which adds credibility to the research findings reported in the study.
20) Chang:
'Chang' follows a similar significance as Smita, serving as an acknowledgment of an individual’s contributions to the study. This emphasizes collaborative efforts in research, highlighting the importance of diverse expertise in developing effective health interventions in smoking cessation.
21) Visit:
'Visit' in research often indicates a scheduled interaction between participants and facilitators or researchers. In smoking cessation programs, visits can involve counseling sessions or check-ins designed to support adolescents' efforts in quitting smoking, enhance engagement, and monitor progress.
22) House:
'House' could reference research conducted within specific settings, including educational or community environments. The importance of understanding the house context is critical for designing interventions that effectively engage adolescents in school-based smoking cessation programs.
23) Cati:
'Chadi' is likely another researcher or author associated with the study, reflecting the collaborative nature of research endeavors. Individual contributions are essential for studying complex issues like smoking behavior among adolescents, highlighting the need for collective expertise.
24) Sah:
'Shah' similarly represents a researcher connected with the publication, providing authority and context to the presented findings. Such inclusion enriches the discussion around smoking cessation interventions, showcasing diverse perspectives and research backgrounds within the study.
25) Male:
'Male' refers to the gender of participants in studies. Understanding gender demographics is critical in smoking cessation research, as approaches may need to be tailored according to gender-specific behaviors, motivations, and barriers to quitting among adolescents.
26) Mental health:
'Mental health' encompasses emotional, psychological, and social well-being, playing a decisive role in how individuals cope with addiction and stress. In cessation programs, addressing mental health is vital, as interventions may significantly impact adolescents' attitudes towards quitting smoking.
27) Reliability:
'Reliability' refers to the consistency of a measure or assessment tool, crucial to ensuring that data collected in smoking cessation research accurately reflects the participants' smoking behaviors and outcomes. High reliability strengthens the study's validity, impacting conclusions drawn from research findings.
28) Knowledge:
'Knowledge' refers to the information and understanding gained through education or experience. In smoking cessation programs, increasing participants' knowledge about the risks associated with smoking is essential for motivating behavior change and supporting the cessation process.
29) Attending:
'Attending' often refers to being present at events or sessions. In smoking cessation programs, high attendance rates during counseling and training sessions are crucial indicators of participant engagement and the potential success of the intervention in facilitating behavioral change.
30) Activity:
'Activity' pertains to tasks or actions within a program context. In smoking cessation initiatives, activities may include counseling sessions, workshops, and peer discussions, all designed to provide skills and support to adolescents seeking to quit smoking effectively.
31) Teaching:
'Teaching' is the act of imparting knowledge or skills. In the framework of smoking cessation, effective teaching strategies are integral for educators and counselors to engage adolescents, educate them about the dangers of smoking, and motivate them throughout their quitting journey.
32) Learning:
'Learning' refers to the process through which individuals acquire knowledge or skills. In smoking cessation programs, learning new coping strategies and information about the effects of smoking is key to empowering adolescents and supporting their decision to quit smoking successfully.
33) Quality:
'Quality' refers to the standard or degree of excellence in services or interventions. In smoking cessation programs, ensuring high-quality delivery of content, engagement, and support can significantly affect participants' outcomes and their likelihood of successfully quitting smoking.
34) Misuse:
'Misuse' relates to the incorrect or inappropriate use of substances, including tobacco. Understanding misuse patterns is essential for smoke cessation initiatives, as identifying such behaviors can aid in designing targeted interventions that effectively address underlying issues leading to substance use.
35) Money:
'Money' refers to financial resources needed for conducting research or implementing programs. Adequate funding is critical for smoking cessation initiatives to ensure program sustainability, availability of resources, training for facilitators, and the ability to measure and analyze outcomes effectively.
36) Line:
'Line' can refer to boundaries or parameters within a study or program. In smoking cessation research, defining criteria and guidelines helps organize intervention processes, maintain focus on objectives, and clarify the framework within which participant engagement and evaluation occur.
Other Health Sciences Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Logic Model Application in School-Based Adolescent Smoking Cessation’. Further sources in the context of Health Sciences might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
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