Patient-Generated Health Data in Chronic Condition Management at HKL
Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: Application of Patient-Generated Health Data in Managing Chronic Conditions in Hospital Kuala Lumpur: A Qualitative Study
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
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Ao Lik Lee, Nik Nur Eliza Mohamed
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:
(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)
Full text available for: Application of Patient-Generated Health Data in Managing Chronic Conditions in Hospital Kuala Lumpur: A Qualitative Study
Year: 2022 | Doi: 10.21315/mjms2022.29.3.10
Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0
Download the PDF file of the original publication
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Patient-generated health data (PGHD) refers to health-related information that patients themselves create or record, aiding healthcare practitioners (HCP) in understanding their patients' health outside of clinical visits. This study focuses on the current usage of PGHD in Malaysia, particularly among healthcare specialists at Hospital Kuala Lumpur, to explore their views, experiences, and the challenges associated with PGHD utilization. The research intends to emphasize the potential benefits of integrating PGHD into clinical practice to improve patient outcomes and tailor healthcare management.
The Role of Education in PGHD Utilization
One of the most significant challenges in the adoption of PGHD is the low health literacy of the population. Many patients lack adequate knowledge about their medical conditions, which hampers their ability to effectively generate and utilize health data. The study revealed that most healthcare specialists had never formally heard of PGHD prior to interviews, despite using similar concepts in practice. Patients need to be educated on what data to collect and how to process it for meaningful use in managing their health conditions. Additionally, there is a disparity in PGHD usage among different demographics, with younger, more educated individuals being more likely to engage in recording their health data, while older or less educated patients often struggle.
Conclusion
This exploratory study highlights the substantial potential of PGHD to enhance clinical decision-making and patient engagement in Malaysia's healthcare system. Although there are barriers such as low health literacy and inadequate infrastructure, increasing awareness and education regarding PGHD can foster its adoption and effectively involve patients in their health management. As technology advances and healthcare wearables become more prevalent, it is essential for the healthcare sector to embrace PGHD as a valuable resource that can lead to improved health outcomes and a more patient-centered approach to care.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is patient-generated health data (PGHD)?
Patient-generated health data (PGHD) refers to health-related information recorded by patients to inform healthcare practitioners about their health status between clinic visits. This data may include medical history, lifestyle factors, and biometrics.
What methods were used to explore PGHD in the study?
The study utilized semi-structured online interviews with seven healthcare practitioners, employing thematic analysis based on the modified Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to gather insights on PGHD usage.
What were the main findings regarding PGHD usage among healthcare providers?
The study identified four key themes: PGHD usage, benefits, challenges, and necessary efforts. Notably, respondents reported PGHD could improve clinical consultations but faced limitations due to poor adoption and data unavailability.
What recommendations were made to improve the usage of PGHD?
Recommendations include training healthcare practitioners, upgrading ICT infrastructure, developing healthcare wearables, conducting research on mHealth, and employing action research models to enhance PGHD incorporation into clinical workflows.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Patient-Generated Health Data in Chronic Condition Management at HKL”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Study (Studying):
A study is a systematic investigation aimed at discovering or interpreting facts about a particular phenomenon. In the context of patient-generated health data (PGHD), studies explore the acceptance, application, and challenges faced by healthcare practitioners. They gather qualitative insights and contribute to the evolving field of health informatics, enhancing patient care.
2) Table:
In research, tables are structured data presentations that organize information for easier interpretation. The mentioned tables summarize findings on PGHD, categorizing different types of data and providing relevant quotes from healthcare practitioners. Tables are crucial for visual clarity, enabling readers to comprehend complex data efficiently within the context of health-related studies.
3) Blood:
Blood data, such as pressure and glucose levels, are critical indicators of a patient's health status. In PGHD, patients track these metrics at home, which informs healthcare providers about their condition without the limitations of clinic visits. Monitoring blood data can lead to timely interventions and personalized management of chronic diseases.
4) Quality:
Quality refers to the standard of health outcomes achieved through patient-generated health data. High-quality data is essential for effective clinical decision-making, ensuring that healthcare practitioners can devise individualized management plans. Emphasizing quality in PGHD ensures more accurate diagnoses, improved patient care, and enhances the overall healthcare experience.
5) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. In the context of PGHD, it plays a vital role in shifting towards patient-centered care and incorporating patient data into clinical workflows. The evolution of medicine increasingly relies on technological advancements, such as mobile health applications and wearables.
6) Pain:
Pain assessment is a critical aspect of patient health management. Patient-generated health data allows individuals to record their pain levels and related symptoms, facilitating more accurate clinical evaluations. Healthcare practitioners can use this information to adjust treatments and improve patient outcomes, making pain management a priority in chronic disease care.
7) Perception:
Perception in healthcare refers to the subjective understanding and attitude of both patients and practitioners regarding medical practices. In the context of PGHD, understanding how healthcare practitioners perceive the value of patient-generated data helps identify barriers and facilitators to its integration into clinical practices, influencing the quality of care delivered.
8) Education:
Education is essential for empowering patients to utilize PGHD effectively. It involves informing patients about their health conditions, the significance of data recording, and how to interpret health information. Enhanced health literacy through education can lead to better health outcomes, as patients become active participants in their own care.
9) Disease:
Disease refers to any abnormal condition affecting the body or mind that disrupts normal functioning. PGHD is particularly relevant in chronic diseases, enabling patients to self-monitor their conditions and provide valuable insights to healthcare providers. This empowers patients in managing their health and supports proactive healthcare interventions.
10) Life:
Life encompasses the biological existence and quality experienced by individuals. In healthcare, understanding the influence of PGHD on quality of life is critical. Capturing real-time health data can lead to improved health management and lifestyle adjustments, facilitating better health outcomes and promoting overall well-being for chronic disease patients.
11) Visit:
Clinics focus on visits as opportunities for patients to receive care and share health data. PGHD allows patients to present vital information during visits, enhancing clinical discussions. This data informs healthcare practitioners about ongoing patient health statuses and aids in preparing personalized management strategies based on recorded health data.
12) Pur:
Poor health literacy can significantly hinder the effective usage of PGHD, as patients may struggle to understand their health information and record relevant data. Increasing awareness and education about PGHD is essential to help combat this issue, empowering patients, and ensuring equitable access to quality healthcare across populations.
13) Swelling:
Swelling is a physical symptom that may indicate underlying health issues, and it often requires monitoring. Patient-generated data can include self-reported records of swelling that allow healthcare practitioners to assess conditions effectively. This information complements medical examinations, contributing to more accurate and timely clinical decision-making in managing various ailments.
14) Account:
Account refers to the accurate representation of patient health status through self-reported data. PGHD acts as a narrative account of a patient’s health journey, which healthcare providers can analyze. An accurate account enhances clinical consultations, helping practitioners understand patients' experiences between visits, thereby improving the quality of care provided.
15) Roman (Roma):
The mention of 'Roman' likely refers to a historical context or theoretical frameworks that inform modern medicine. It suggests the long-standing tradition of documentation and accounting for health data in medical history. Understanding these historical aspects can enrich the current practices and perspectives surrounding PGHD and healthcare management.
16) Post:
Post indicates documentation or actions taken after a specific event or visit. In PGHD, post-visit data analysis and synthesis are crucial for healthcare providers to adjust treatment plans based on patient-reported outcomes. It reflects the continuous process of monitoring and adapting healthcare strategies to improve patient health management.
17) Measurement:
Measurement in healthcare relates to the process of quantifying health metrics, such as blood pressure or weight. Reliable measurements taken through patient-generated data provide critical insights that can inform clinical decisions. Consistent tracking enables healthcare practitioners to make timely and tailored recommendations, leading to optimized patient care.
18) Ramalingam:
Ramalingam is referenced within the healthcare context, likely as an author of literature or initiatives surrounding digital healthcare in Malaysia. Understanding contributions from figures like Ramalingam can enrich the knowledge of evolving technologies and their implications in healthcare practice, specifically addressing the integration of PGHD and mHealth.
19) Language:
Language plays a vital role in healthcare communication, affecting both patient understanding and provider interactions. Simplifying medical terminology and providing resources in the local language can enhance patient engagement with PGHD, ensuring that individuals can accurately relay health information and participate actively in managing their healthcare.
20) Malini:
Malini is mentioned likely as a researcher or contributor in healthcare literature. Highlighting contributions from individuals like Malini helps to contextualize the collaborative efforts in advancing PGHD, encouraging best practices, enhancing patient care, and promoting the integration of technology within the clinical landscape.
21) Chinna:
Chinna may refer to an individual involved in healthcare research, particularly focusing on health literacy and patient involvement in Malaysia. By recognizing such contributors, we understand the collaborative nature of research that informs better healthcare practices and the importance of increasing awareness about patient-generated health data.
22) Reason:
Reason refers to the motivation behind actions or decisions, particularly regarding healthcare choices. Understanding the reasons patients choose to record PGHD can inform healthcare providers about patient engagement and the effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving self-management and health outcomes in chronic disease care.
23) Cloud:
Cloud refers to online data storage solutions, crucial for managing patient-generated health data. Utilizing cloud technology allows for secure, efficient data management, facilitating easy access for healthcare practitioners. Leveraging cloud solutions enhances the integration of PGHD into clinical systems, promoting seamless communication and data sharing between patients and providers.
24) Rules:
Rules govern the implementation and use of patient-generated health data in healthcare settings. Establishing clear guidelines ensures data integrity, security, and ethical standards. Understanding these rules is essential for healthcare practitioners to effectively integrate PGHD into their practices while protecting patient privacy and promoting trust in data utilization.
25) Raja:
Raja is likely a contributor to healthcare discussions or literature focusing on patient engagement and health practices. Recognizing the input from professionals like Raja helps to emphasize the importance of various perspectives in understanding PGHD's impact on clinical practices and shaping future health strategies.
26) Sage:
Sage refers to a well-esteemed source of knowledge or a figure in the healthcare field, possibly related to evidence-based practices. Acknowledging sage contributions fosters a culture of learning within the medical community, enabling practitioners to develop informed approaches to incorporating PGHD into patient care.
27) Line:
Line denotes a pathway or direction within data reporting or care processes. Establishing a clear line of communication between practitioners and patients is essential for effectively utilizing patient-generated health data, ensuring that critical information is conveyed accurately and integrated into clinical workflows to optimize patient management.
28) Performance:
Performance pertains to the effectiveness of utilizing patient-generated health data in enhancing patient care outcomes. Monitoring performance through PGHD helps healthcare practitioners assess the impact of interventions, guiding decision-making processes, and fostering continual improvement within healthcare systems based on patient-reported outcomes and experiences.
29) Reliability:
Reliability in healthcare relates to the consistency and dependability of data collected from patients. Ensuring the reliability of patient-generated health data is crucial for making informed clinical decisions. Training patients and practitioners to produce and interpret reliable data enhances the overall quality and trustworthiness of healthcare processes.
30) Discussion:
Discussion encourages dialogue among healthcare practitioners about insights gained from patient-generated health data. Engaging in discussions promotes reflection on findings, facilitating knowledge-sharing and collaborative learning. This is vital for integrating PGHD effectively into healthcare practices and fostering a culture of continuous improvement in patient care.
31) Developing:
Developing refers to the evolving landscape of healthcare practices and technologies, particularly in the realm of patient-generated health data. Continuous development is necessary to improve the methodologies used to capture, interpret, and utilize PGHD, enhancing healthcare delivery and patient management based on emerging trends and patient-centered approaches.
32) Activity:
Activity encompasses the actions taken by patients and healthcare practitioners in recording, analyzing, and discussing health data. Engaging in relevant activities ensures that patient-generated health data is utilized effectively in managing health conditions, contributing to more informed clinical decision-making and improved patient outcomes.
33) Training:
Training is essential to empower healthcare practitioners in utilizing patient-generated health data efficiently. Through appropriate training programs, healthcare professionals can enhance their skills and understanding of PGHD, fostering increased confidence in implementing these practices within their clinical workflows for improved patient care.
34) Raising:
Raising awareness about patient-generated health data among both healthcare practitioners and patients is crucial. Awareness campaigns highlight the importance and benefits of PGHD, encouraging more individuals to engage actively in their health management. This proactive approach can lead to better health outcomes and improved healthcare quality.
35) Filling (Filled):
Filling refers to the process of incorporating patient-generated health data into clinical records. Accurate filling of data is vital for ensuring that healthcare practitioners have access to comprehensive patient information, which can inform clinical decision-making and enhance the individualized care patients receive during medical consultations.
36) Worry (Worried, Worrying):
Worried refers to the emotional response that patients may experience concerning their health conditions. Understanding patient concerns is essential for healthcare practitioners in addressing anxiety related to health issues. Incorporating PGHD helps capture patients’ worries accurately, allowing for tailored care strategies that can alleviate concerns and promote overall well-being.
37) Anxiety:
Anxiety is a common emotional response among patients dealing with health concerns or chronic conditions. Understanding the role of anxiety in healthcare can inform approaches that healthcare practitioners take in managing patient-generated health data. Addressing underlying anxiety is key to fostering a supportive and effective patient-care environment.
38) Valley:
Valley may refer to geographical areas where healthcare access and provision vary. In discussions of PGHD, it suggests the importance of considering local contexts and disparities in healthcare. Tailoring health initiatives to local populations ensures that patient-generated data is relevant and impactful in enhancing patient care.
39) Nanda (Namda):
Nanda potentially refers to a contributor in the academic or healthcare space, emphasizing the role individuals play in developing practices surrounding patient-generated health data. Acknowledging the input from figures like Nanda highlights the collaborative efforts that lead to enhancements in patient care and health management.
40) Doubt:
Doubt pertains to uncertainties faced by patients regarding their health and the effectiveness of treatment strategies. Addressing doubt through healthcare practices and integrating patient-generated health data can improve patients' understanding of their health conditions and foster trust in the healthcare system.
41) Field:
Field refers to the domain of healthcare practice, where patient-generated health data is increasingly recognized as an essential component. Understanding the nuances within the healthcare field facilitates the integration of PGHD into clinical settings, contributing to the overall improvement of patient care and management.
42) Pulse:
Pulse is a critical health metric that reflects the heart rate and overall cardiovascular health. Patient-generated health data may include self-measurements of pulse, providing healthcare practitioners with valuable insights into patients' wellness. Regular monitoring of pulse contributes to timely intervention and optimal management of health conditions.
43) Fever:
Fever is a common symptom that can indicate illness or infection. Tracking fever through patient-generated health data allows healthcare practitioners to assess the severity of patients' conditions over time. Effective management and communication regarding fever symptoms enhance the quality of patient care and clinical decision-making.
44) Catching (Catch, Catched):
Catch refers to the identification of health issues through effective monitoring and tracking of patient-generated data. By allowing patients to 'catch' symptoms early, healthcare practitioners can intervene promptly, leading to improved health outcomes, particularly in managing chronic conditions and facilitating proactive healthcare actions.
45) Diet:
Diet plays a significant role in patient health management, particularly for chronic diseases. Monitoring dietary habits through patient-generated health data allows healthcare practitioners to offer personalized dietary guidance, leading to better management of health conditions and improved patient engagement in their own care.
Other Science Concepts:
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Concepts being referred in other categories, contexts and sources.
Data, Care, Time, Home, Language, Study, Image, Effort, Awareness, Usage, Wound, Social welfare, Challenge, Barrier.