Esmolol vs. Dexmedetomidine: Effects on Haemodynamics and Glucose.
Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: Comparison of Esmolol and Dexmedetomidine Infusion in Attenuating Haemodynamic and Blood Glucose Response to Laryngoscopy and Intubation: A Single Blinded Study
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
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Original source:
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Vincent Koh, Saedah Ali, Mohamad Hasyizan Hassan, Ariffin Marzuki Mokhtar, Mohd Najib Majdi Yaacob, Mohd Zulfakar Mazlan
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:
(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)
Full text available for: Comparison of Esmolol and Dexmedetomidine Infusion in Attenuating Haemodynamic and Blood Glucose Response to Laryngoscopy and Intubation: A Single Blinded Study
Year: 2021 | Doi: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.3.4
Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation can provoke a significant sympathetic response, posing risks such as arrhythmias and increased intracranial pressure, particularly in vulnerable populations. While various agents have been explored to attenuate this response, including the opioids and beta-blockers, no single method has proven optimal. This study primarily seeks to compare the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine and esmolol infusions in reducing both hemodynamic stress responses and neuroendocrine modulation, indicated by changes in capillary blood glucose, during elective surgical procedures requiring intubation.
Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response: Dexmedetomidine vs. Esmolol
In a randomized controlled trial involving 60 patients, researchers found that both dexmedetomidine and esmolol significantly attenuated heart rate increases during the peri-intubation period. The heart rate was notably higher in the control group, while the dexmedetomidine and esmolol groups exhibited decreases from 1 minute post-anesthesia to 10 minutes after intubation. Despite these findings, both drugs did not significantly modulate neuroendocrine stress, as evidenced by blood glucose measurements, although the esmolol group showed a relatively smaller increase in glucose compared to the other groups.
Conclusion
The findings of this study indicate that dexmedetomidine and esmolol are equally effective in mitigating hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and intubation, supporting their use as viable options for managing sympathetic stress during these procedures. However, neither drug significantly influenced neuroendocrine stress responses, emphasizing the need for further research into optimizing the management of such responses in higher-risk patients. Overall, the utilization of esmolol at lower infusion doses provided similar benefits to those attained with dexmedetomidine, paving the way for its clinical application in similar contexts.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the purpose of the study comparing dexmedetomidine and esmolol?
The study aims to compare the effects of dexmedetomidine and esmolol on attenuating the hemodynamic stress response and neuroendocrine modulation, as indicated by capillary blood glucose levels during elective surgeries involving endotracheal intubation.
How many patients participated in the study and how were they grouped?
Sixty patients aged 18–70 were enrolled and randomly assigned into three equal groups: a control group, a dexmedetomidine group, and an esmolol group, each comprising twenty participants.
What were the findings regarding heart rate among the different groups?
The study found that the control group had a significantly higher heart rate compared to the dexmedetomidine and esmolol groups after the induction of anesthesia, laryngoscopy, and intubation.
Did dexmedetomidine or esmolol significantly modulate neuroendocrine stress responses?
Neither dexmedetomidine nor esmolol significantly modulated neuroendocrine stress responses, as measured by blood glucose levels, which increased significantly across all groups during the study.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Esmolol vs. Dexmedetomidine: Effects on Haemodynamics and Glucose.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Study (Studying):
A 'study' refers to a systematic investigation designed to answer specific questions about medical interventions or phenomena. In the context of clinical trials and research, a study seeks to provide evidence on the effectiveness, safety, and relevance of treatments or drugs, enhancing medical knowledge and informing practice.
2) Table:
'Table' denotes a structured presentation of data, organizing information clearly to facilitate comparison and understanding. In medical research, tables often summarize patient demographics, study outcomes, and statistical analyses, aiding readers in interpreting results and drawing conclusions from the findings of the study.
3) Post:
'Post' generally refers to the time subsequent to a particular event or intervention. In a medical context, it often indicates measurements or observations made after a treatment, such as post-operative evaluations or assessments, which are crucial for assessing the outcomes and safety of medical procedures or drugs.
4) Blood:
'Blood' is essential to human physiology, carrying oxygen, nutrients, and hormones while removing waste products. In the research context, blood analysis can provide vital insights into a patient’s health status, helping to assess physiological responses to stress, drug effects, or disease states, thereby informing treatment decisions.
5) Drug:
'Drug' refers to any chemical agent that alters physiological functions. In clinical studies, drugs are evaluated for their therapeutic potential, efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action. Understanding drug interactions and side effects is crucial for optimizing treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes in various health conditions.
6) Measurement:
'Measurement' involves quantifying variables to assess, compare, or analyze specific outcomes. In clinical research, precise measurements of parameters like heart rate, blood pressure, or glucose levels are fundamental for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions, determining correlations, and ensuring the reliability and validity of study findings.
7) Sharman (Sarma, Sharma, Sarman):
'Sharma' likely refers to a notable researcher or author involved in studies on pharmacology or anaesthesia. Recognition of specific researchers helps attribute findings to their work, fostering credibility and highlighting contributions to the medical field, particularly in topics like drug efficacy related to anaesthesia and intubation.
8) Gupta:
'Gupta' is typically a last name associated with individuals contributing research in medicine or pharmacology. Understanding the context of particular researchers like Gupta allows readers to trace innovative research contributions, support scholarly communication, and appreciate ongoing efforts in advancing medical awareness and scientific discoveries.
9) Indian:
'Indian' relates to the geographic or demographic affiliation of a study population or researcher. In medical research, it stipulates the cultural, economic, and clinical contexts influencing health outcomes, treatment responses, or disease prevalence, underscoring the importance of localized research to address diverse health concerns effectively.
10) Irritation:
In a medical context, 'irritation' typically refers to the unpleasant or harmful response of tissues or organs to stimuli, such as chemicals or physical factors. Understanding irritation is vital for evaluating side effects of drugs or procedures, offering insight into patient discomfort or potential complications during treatment.
11) Mallappa:
'Mallappa' is likely the name of a researcher or clinician involved in the study, indicating active contributions to specific medical research areas. Recognizing the researchers helps in tracing scientific discourse, building academic credibility, and understanding the collaborative efforts in advancing knowledge and improving patient care.
12) Balaji:
'Balaji' is another surname that may refer to a researcher in the medical field, representing individual contributions within clinical studies. Acknowledging researchers like Balaji emphasizes the collaborative nature of scientific studies and highlights the importance of diverse expertise in advancing medical knowledge and patient outcomes.
13) Suthar:
The name 'Suthar' may signify a researcher involved in investigations related to pharmacology or anaesthesiology. Recognizing individual contributions is essential in academia, as it helps build a network of professionals and promotes shared knowledge, ultimately advancing research on specific medical interventions or treatments.
14) Kumar:
'Kumar' typically refers to an individual, possibly a researcher in medical sciences, contributing to pharmaceutical or clinical studies. Recognizing contributors like Kumar is crucial for acknowledging the collaborative nature of research, fostering academic discourse, and building a cohesive understanding of treatment strategies in medicine.
15) Rules:
'Rules' represent established guidelines or principles that dictate conduct, processes, or methodologies in research. In clinical studies, rules are pivotal for maintaining ethical standards, ensuring participant safety, and achieving scientifically valid results, ultimately guiding practice improvement and enhancing patient care in healthcare settings.
16) Beta:
'Beta' often pertains to beta receptors involved in physiological responses, particularly in the context of pharmacology. Understanding beta-adrenergic activity is essential for evaluating the effects of drugs like esmolol in managing heart rate and stress responses during medical interventions, informing therapeutic strategies in patient care.
17) Sam (Sham):
'Sham' in clinical trials indicates a placeholder or control procedure mimicking the active intervention without delivering real treatment. Using sham controls is critical for minimizing bias, allowing researchers to gauge treatment efficacy accurately against the psychological and physiological effects of receiving a perceived intervention.
18) Pharmacological:
'Pharmacological' relates to the study of drug actions and effects in the body. Understanding pharmacological principles is fundamental in medical research, particularly in evaluating the efficacy and safety of interventions, optimizing therapeutic approaches, and informing evidence-based clinical practices to enhance patient outcomes.
19) Discussion:
'Discussion' refers to the section of a research paper where authors interpret results, contextualize findings, and explore implications for practice and future research. This section is critical for articulating the significance of data, addressing limitations, and providing insights that drive advancements in medical knowledge and treatment strategies.
20) Knowledge:
'Knowledge' encompasses the understanding and information acquired through study and experience. In the context of medicine, knowledge is pivotal for developing effective treatment plans, conducting research, and educating healthcare professionals, ultimately leading to improved patient care and outcomes in the evolving landscape of medical practice.
21) Science (Scientific):
'Science' represents the systematic study of the natural world through observation and experimentation. In medicine, scientific inquiry is foundational for advancing understanding of diseases, treatments, and patient care, fostering improvements in health outcomes by linking research findings to clinical practice and inform future healthcare strategies.
22) Pulse:
'Pulse' indicates the rhythmic expansion and contraction of blood vessels, providing information about heart rate and blood circulation. In clinical settings, monitoring pulse is essential for assessing cardiovascular health, responses to treatments, and overall physiological status, forming an integral part of patient evaluation and care.
23) Hand:
'Hand' signifies a physical component relevant in various medical contexts, such as performing procedures or monitoring patient status. In clinical practice, it underscores the importance of physical assessments, manual techniques, and hands-on approaches in effective patient care, highlighting the blend of art and science in medicine.
24) Pur:
'Poor' typically characterizes suboptimal conditions, such as health status, economic resources, or patient outcomes. In medical contexts, identifying and understanding poor prognosis factors assists in tailoring interventions, prioritizing healthcare resources, and developing strategies to improve health equity and access to care for vulnerable populations.
25) Male:
'Male' denotes a gender classification that may influence health outcomes, treatment responses, and disease prevalence. Understanding gender-specific health issues is vital in clinical research to develop targeted therapies and ensure inclusive healthcare practices that address the unique needs and concerns of different patient populations.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Esmolol vs. Dexmedetomidine: Effects on Haemodynamics and Glucose.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Adverse effect, Blood-pressure, Statistical analysis, Control group, Significant reduction, Significant difference, Clinical trial, Statistical Significance, Heart rate, Systolic blood pressure, Diastolic blood pressure, Drug administration, Treatment effect, Surgical Procedure, Repeated Measures Analysis, Study participants, Significant increase, Written informed consent, Blood glucose, Mean Arterial Pressure, Stress response, Loading dose, Pharmacological agent, Time effect, Anaesthesia, Maintenance dose, Drug regimen, General anaesthesia, Baseline characteristics, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Beta blocker, Infusion, Adverse event, Intravenous dexmedetomidine, Dexmedetomidine, Neuroendocrine stress response, Haemodynamic stress response, Haemodynamic parameters, Haemodynamic response, Randomised controlled trial, Baseline values, Haemodynamic changes, Continuous infusion, Endotracheal intubation, Sympathetic response, Elective surgeries, Interaction Effect, Hypertensive population.