Awareness of Dispensing Separation in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: Awareness and Perception Towards Implementation of Dispensing Separation in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
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Norazila Abdul Ghani, Nur ‘Afini Fithriyaani Kamaruddin, Nurul Innany Mokhtar
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:
(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)
Full text available for: Awareness and Perception Towards Implementation of Dispensing Separation in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Year: 2021 | Doi: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.1.11
Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Dispensing separation (DS) in Malaysia is a proposed healthcare policy aimed at improving medical costs, population health, and the overall quality of healthcare. This study investigates the public's awareness and perceptions regarding DS methods among residents in Jitra, Kedah, Malaysia. Medication management in healthcare consists of prescribing by physicians and dispensing by pharmacists. Currently, in Malaysia, the roles of prescribing and dispensing are often combined in private practice, leading to underutilization of pharmacists' expertise in medication therapy. Therefore, understanding public knowledge and attitudes toward DS is critical for its potential implementation.
Awareness of Dispensing Separation
The study revealed that awareness of DS among respondents was notably low, with 65% of participants having never heard of the term in mainstream media. However, a significant portion of participants (77.5%) acknowledged the role of pharmacists in healthcare and deemed them reliable in providing medication after diagnosis. Notably, 66.5% expressed support for the implementation of DS, indicating that while awareness is lacking, there is a willingness among the public to accept a separation policy if properly informed. This gap highlights the importance of public education on the benefits of DS, as most participants see pharmacists as trusted medication experts but lack knowledge about systemic changes like DS.
Conclusion
Although awareness of the implementation of DS remains low among the residents of Jitra, the study underscores strong public support for the concept and its perceived benefits in enhancing medication safety and reducing errors. The findings suggest a need for comprehensive educational campaigns to raise awareness about the roles of pharmacists and the advantages of separating dispensing from prescribing. These insights are valuable for policymakers as they consider the feasibility of implementing DS in Malaysia, emphasizing the necessity of bridging the knowledge gap to facilitate acceptance and support for this healthcare reform. Further research is proposed to gather more nuanced insights from a broader segment of the Malaysian population regarding DS perceptions and awareness.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is dispensing separation (DS) in healthcare?
Dispensing separation (DS) is a policy change advocating for distinct roles between pharmacists and physicians. It aims to lower medical costs, enhance population health, and elevate healthcare quality by ensuring pharmacists focus on medication dispensing.
What were the key findings concerning public awareness of DS?
The study found that awareness of DS was low among participants, with 65% having never heard the term. However, a majority (66.5%) expressed support for its future implementation in Malaysia, showing potential for public acceptance.
What methodologies were employed in the study on public perception of DS?
A cross-sectional study utilized a self-administered questionnaire with 200 residents from Jitra, Kedah, Malaysia. The data analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics to assess awareness and perceptions regarding DS.
What conclusions were drawn from the study regarding DS in Malaysia?
While awareness of DS is still low, strong public support exists for its potential benefits. The findings suggest a need for enhanced educational campaigns to improve public understanding and acceptance of the separation policy.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Awareness of Dispensing Separation in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Table:
A table is a systematic arrangement of data, typically displayed in rows and columns. In research studies, tables present findings clearly, allowing easy comparison and analysis of data. They often summarize participants' demographics, responses to questionnaires, or results from various methods, enhancing comprehension of research outcomes.
2) Study (Studying):
A study usually refers to a detailed investigation or examination of a subject, issue, or phenomenon through observation, experimentation, or analysis. In a research context, it encompasses the methodology, data collection, and analysis aimed at understanding complex issues, contributing to knowledge, and driving evidence-based conclusions.
3) Perception:
Perception is the process by which individuals interpret sensory information and form opinions or beliefs about various phenomena. In research, understanding public perception is crucial as it reflects attitudes, beliefs, and reactions toward policies or practices, influencing decision-making and acceptance within specific populations.
4) Medicine:
Medicine is the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing illness or injury. It encompasses various fields, including pharmacology, surgery, and public health. Medical practices and research are integral to enhancing healthcare quality, ensuring patient safety, and developing new treatments in the ongoing pursuit of health improvements.
5) Drug:
A drug is a substance used for medical purposes to diagnose, cure, or prevent diseases. It interacts with biological systems to elicit therapeutic effects. Pharmaceuticals play a key role in healthcare, prompting studies to assess their effectiveness, safety, and the implications of their usage in populations.
6) Rules:
Rules are prescribed guidelines or principles that govern conduct or actions in various contexts. In scientific and healthcare research, rules dictate ethical standards, procedural methods, and regulatory compliance, ensuring the integrity, reliability, and validity of study outcomes, which is critical for public trust and scientific credibility.
7) Knowledge:
Knowledge is the accumulation of information, facts, and skills acquired through experience and education. In research, knowledge drives inquiry, develops hypotheses, and influences methodologies. Enhancing public knowledge about specific health policies or medical practices can lead to better health decisions and outcomes within communities.
8) Education:
Education is a structured process facilitating learning and the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and attitudes. It plays a pivotal role in preparing individuals for professional roles in healthcare, fostering informed decision-making, ethical standards, and competency that enhance the quality of care provided to patients.
9) Field:
A field refers to a specific domain or area of study or practice. In healthcare, various fields, such as pharmacy, medicine, and nursing, relate to different aspects of patient care. Understanding these fields is crucial for integrating interdisciplinary approaches to improve health services and outcomes.
10) Nature:
Nature refers to the inherent characteristics or essential qualities of something. In research, understanding the nature of phenomena, including disease mechanisms or public perceptions, is vital for developing effective interventions and policies that align with the intrinsic functions and behaviors observed within populations.
11) Discussion:
Discussion is a critical part of research, where findings are interpreted, implications are analyzed, and future directions are suggested. This section allows researchers to engage with the data, exploring connections, addressing limitations, and contextualizing results within broader literature, fostering collaborative insights and knowledge development.
12) Language:
Language is a system of communication used by individuals to convey ideas, emotions, and information. In research settings, the choice of language affects comprehension and engagement among study participants. Clear and accessible language enhances the effectiveness and reach of health communication and education efforts.
13) Matavan:
Madhavan may refer to a person, possibly a researcher or author noted in healthcare or pharmacy research. Recognizing key contributors in specific research areas underscores the critical partnerships in advancing knowledge and practice, as well as attributing importance in multi-author scientific studies or publications.
14) Quality:
Quality refers to the degree of excellence or standard of something, often assessed in terms of the effectiveness of products or services. In healthcare, quality assurance is essential in ensuring that treatments, medications, and care provided meet established standards and effectively address patient needs.
15) Disease:
Disease refers to a pathological condition of a bodily part resulting from various causes, such as infection, genetic defects, or environmental factors. Understanding diseases is fundamental to developing effective medical treatments, prevention strategies, and public health policies aimed at improving population health and quality of life.
16) Science (Scientific):
Science is a systematic enterprise attempting to build and organize knowledge through testable explanations and predictions about the universe. In healthcare, scientific principles underpin research methodologies, inform clinical practices, and guide the development of new treatments, ensuring evidence-based approaches are utilized for patient care.
17) Line:
Line can refer to a series of interconnected points or elements, such as a line of communication or a line of inquiry in research. In healthcare contexts, establishing clear lines of communication between practitioners and patients is vital for effective healthcare delivery and understanding treatment options.
18) Educational institution:
An educational institution is an organization that provides instruction and learning opportunities. These institutions play critical roles in preparing individuals for careers in various fields, including healthcare, by imparting necessary knowledge and skills to ensure a well-trained workforce for effective patient care and safety.
19) Calculation:
Calculation refers to the process of using mathematical methods to determine a numerical result. In research, calculations are essential for analyzing data, assessing relationships, and validating hypotheses, which contribute to drawing reliable conclusions that underpin health policies and practices informed by evidence.
20) Reliability:
Reliability refers to the consistency and dependability of measurements or findings in research. High reliability indicates that results can be replicated under similar conditions. Ensuring reliability in studies is vital for establishing credibility and trustworthiness in findings, influencing practice changes and policy decisions in healthcare.
21) Transformation (Transform, Transforming):
Transform means to change in form, appearance, structure, or character. In healthcare, transformation often refers to changes in practices or policies aimed at improving patient outcomes, such as the shift toward separating dispensing roles, signifying a significant evolution in how health services are delivered.
22) Teaching:
Teaching is an instructional process that aims to impart knowledge, skills, and attitudes to learners. In the context of healthcare, effective teaching is essential to cultivate competent professionals who can deliver high-quality patient care, enhance public understanding of health issues, and influence health behaviors positively.
23) Raising:
Raising refers to the act of elevating or increasing awareness, standards, or concerns on specific issues. In public health, raising awareness about policies such as Dispensing Separation is important for enhancing understanding among the public and garnering support for implementation to improve health outcomes.
24) Hygiene (Hygienic):
Hygiene refers to practices that promote health and prevent disease, particularly through cleanliness and sanitation. In the context of pharmacy and healthcare, maintaining hygiene is imperative to ensure safe medication dispensing, prevent infections, and uphold the overall quality of care provided to patients.
25) Indian:
Indian may refer to an ethnicity, nationality, or cultural identity linked to India. In healthcare contexts, understanding the diverse needs and practices of the Indian population, including unique health challenges and perspectives, is crucial to tailoring effective health policies and services that address these specific needs.
26) Valley:
Valley usually refers to a low area between hills or mountains, often associated with features like rich biodiversity or agricultural viability. In health contexts, certain geographical areas may present unique regional health challenges and opportunities, influencing healthcare access, resource distribution, and community health programs.
27) India:
India is a country in South Asia known for its diverse cultures, languages, and health challenges. Understanding India's healthcare landscape, including the complexities associated with medication dispensing and public perceptions, is essential for developing relevant health policies and improving the effectiveness of care delivery.
28) Chang:
Chang may refer to a person, possibly a researcher or author noted in healthcare contexts. Identifying important individuals in health research underscores the collaborative efforts needed to address health challenges, advance pharmaceutical practices, and influence policy changes geared toward improving population health outcomes.
29) Doubt:
Doubt refers to a state of uncertainty and hesitation about something. In healthcare, doubt can significantly impact patient decision-making, adherence to treatment regimens, and overall trust in the healthcare system. Addressing public doubts regarding health policies is vital for successful implementation and acceptance.
30) Pashu (Pasu):
Pasu may refer to the Kubang Pasu District in Kedah, Malaysia, which is relevant in healthcare discussions. Understanding local demographics, health challenges, and cultural aspects of specific regions like Kubang Pasu is key for tailoring effective health policies and improving community health outcomes.
31) Food:
Food encompasses all nutrition necessary for sustaining life and promoting health. In public health, understanding dietary practices and nutritional access in communities is crucial for designing effective interventions aimed at addressing food insecurity and improving overall health outcomes among populations.
32) Post:
Post refers to a position or assignment, often related to employment or research studies. In academia, publishing research findings is crucial for sharing knowledge, contributing to evidence-based practices in healthcare, and influencing future research directions and policy implementations aimed at enhancing patient care.
33) Male:
Male refers to the sex that typically produces small, mobile gametes (sperm). In healthcare, understanding gender differences is vital as they can lead to varying health outcomes, risks, and responses to treatments, influencing how health services are designed and delivered to specific populations.
Other Health Sciences Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Awareness of Dispensing Separation in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study’. Further sources in the context of Health Sciences might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Healthcare system, General practitioner, Medical doctor, Public perception, Data analysis, Public support, Public awareness, Sample size, Pilot study, Statistical Significance, Study population, Demographic Data, Medication management, Cross-sectional study, Chi square test, Study participants, Self-administered questionnaire, Pharmacy practice, Pharmaceutical care, Medication safety, Clinical pharmacy, Medication therapy, Role of pharmacist, Private clinics, Medical cost, Monthly income, Demographic variable, Pharmaceutical field, Medication error, Population Health, Community pharmacist, Pharmaceutical practice, Health supplements, Physicians and pharmacists, Demographic characteristic, Healthcare worker, Prescription medicine, Descriptive statistic, Quality of healthcare, Mainstream media, Medication records.