Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Incidence in Pahang, Malaysia (2012-2017)
Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: The Incidence of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Pahang State of Malaysia from 2012 to 2017
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
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Original source:
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Azmir Ahmad, Wardah Mohd Yassin, Nor Azlina A Rahman, Wan Ishlah Leman, Luqman Rosla, Mark Paul, Sharifah Nor Ezura Syed Yussof, Kamariah Mohamed@Awang, Kahairi Abdullah, Mohd Arifin Kaderi
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:
(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)
Full text available for: The Incidence of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Pahang State of Malaysia from 2012 to 2017
Year: 2021 | Doi: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.1.9
Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0
Download the PDF file of the original publication
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a significant health concern in Malaysia, particularly in certain regions where it is more prevalent. This study examined the trends and incidence of newly diagnosed NPC cases in Pahang, a state in Malaysia, over a six-year period from 2012 to 2017. The research reported 143 new cases, focusing on demographic variables such as age, gender, and ethnicity, and compared these statistics with national data to highlight regional variations in NPC occurrence.
Trends in NPC Incidence and Demographics
The findings indicated that the majority of NPC cases were among males (74.1%) and predominantly affected the Chinese ethnic group, who exhibited the highest incidence rate. The mean age at diagnosis was 52.0 years, and the crude incidence rate (CR) for males was 2.4 per 100,000 population. Most patients presented at late stages (stages III and IV), with a notable concentration of undifferentiated carcinomas (67.5%) among those diagnosed. These trends highlight a consistent pattern observed in other regions of Malaysia, where late-stage presentations are common, reflecting potential challenges in early detection and awareness of NPC symptoms.
Conclusion
This study is crucial as it provides the first detailed epidemiological insight into NPC in Pahang. It emphasizes an intermediate incidence among males and a low incidence among females. The data indicate an increasing trend of cases in the early years of the study, followed by a slight decline. Understanding the distribution and demographics of NPC in Pahang can guide public health strategies and resource allocation to address this critical health issue effectively. Further research and continuous monitoring through cancer registries are necessary for gaining deeper insights into NPC trends across Malaysia.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its incidence in Malaysia?
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor of the nasopharynx. It is among the five most common cancers in Malaysia, particularly prevalent in certain ethnic groups, with a higher incidence observed in Chinese males compared to other populations.
How was the study on NPC conducted in Pahang?
The study traced newly diagnosed NPC cases from 2012 to 2017 in two referral hospitals in Pahang. The crude incidence rate and age-standardised rate were calculated based on the data collected from medical records and cancer notification registries.
What were the findings regarding the demographics of NPC patients?
The study reported a total of 143 new NPC cases, with a mean age of 52 years. A significant majority of cases were male (74.1%), with the highest incidence among Chinese males and a notable representation of Malay patients.
What are the conclusions about NPC trends in Pahang?
The number of NPC cases showed an increasing trend from 2012 to 2014, followed by a slight decrease from 2015 to 2017. The overall incidence rates were intermediate for males and low for females, with higher rates in the Chinese ethnic group.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Incidence in Pahang, Malaysia (2012-2017)”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Cancer:
Cancer refers to a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. The types of cancers, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), exhibit different incidence rates across populations, and understanding such variations is crucial for public health strategies and epidemiological studies.
2) Table:
In the context of scientific research, 'table' refers to a structured arrangement of data. Tables succinctly present complex information, such as epidemiological statistics or clinical results, enabling effective comparison and clarity. They serve as essential tools for researchers to communicate findings and enhance understanding.
3) Male:
The term 'male' denotes one of the two sexes in a species, often associated with specific biological and physiological traits. In studies related to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), data analysis frequently shows differences in incidence and outcomes between males and females, highlighting gender-specific health concerns.
4) Study (Studying):
A 'study' refers to a systematic investigation aimed at understanding a particular phenomenon, often employing scientific methods. In researching NPC and its incidence in regions such as Pahang, studies provide insights on trends, risk factors, and patient demographics, ultimately contributing to better healthcare decision-making.
5) Science (Scientific):
The term 'scientific' relates to the methods and principles of systematic observation, experimentation, and analysis. Scientific approaches in research are essential for validating hypotheses, such as those involving nasopharyngeal carcinoma, thereby ensuring that findings are based on evidence and can be reliably interpreted.
6) Disease:
A 'disease' is a pathological condition characterized by specific symptoms and signs. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an example of a disease that varies in incidence among different ethnic and demographic groups. Understanding these variations helps inform treatment strategies and public health initiatives.
7) Cina:
China is a significant geographical context for the study of nasopharyngeal carcinoma due to its high incidence rates, especially in certain provinces. Research on NPC often examines genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors prevalent in China, contributing to a broader understanding of international cancer epidemiology.
8) Rules:
In scientific contexts, 'rules' refer to established principles or guidelines that govern study designs, data analysis methods, and interpretation of results. Adherence to these rules is crucial for ensuring the reliability and credibility of findings related to diseases like nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
9) Calculation:
'Calculation' in epidemiological research involves quantifying data to derive meaningful statistics, such as incidence rates. For nasopharyngeal carcinoma, accurate calculations inform healthcare policies and patient management strategies, enhancing understanding of disease burden across different populations.
10) Nature:
The term 'nature' encompasses the inherent qualities and characteristics of living organisms and ecosystems. In cancer research, understanding the biological nature of diseases like NPC assists in developing effective treatment modalities and prevention strategies aligned with patient-specific factors.
11) Indian:
The term 'Indian' designates individuals from India and encompasses diverse ethnicities and cultures. Research on diseases like nasopharyngeal carcinoma considers incidence and risk factors uniquely affecting Indian populations, providing important insights for comparative epidemiology and tailored healthcare initiatives.
12) Storm:
In scientific literature, 'storm' may represent unexpected developments in research findings or societal impacts on health. While not directly related to cancer studies, the metaphor can signify the tumultuous factors affecting public health and the urgency in addressing cancer epidemiology challenges.
13) Devi:
Devi may refer to a specific individual within medical research contributing valuable insights, or it may signify 'deviance' from norms in statistical data. The name could relate to a researcher or a case contributing to the understanding of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patterns in specific populations.
14) Sah:
The term 'Shah' could indicate either a contributor to a study or signify leadership in health disciplines. In research contexts, understanding the role of individuals named Shah aids in acknowledging collaborations between scientists working on outbreaks, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma in various populations.
15) Kubo:
'Kubo' is likely a reference to an author or researcher involved in examining cancer epidemiology. Recognizing contributions from individuals like Kubo allows the scientific community to appreciate diverse perspectives and methodologies in understanding cancer patterns, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
16) Khoo:
Khoo may reference a researcher associated with significant findings in the field of nasopharyngeal carcinoma or cancer epidemiology. Acknowledging contributions from individuals like Khoo fosters collaborative research efforts and highlights the importance of diverse insights within cancer studies.
17) Sign:
In medical research, 'sign' pertains to observable characteristics of diseases, such as symptoms and histopathological features. Identifying signs of nasopharyngeal carcinoma facilitates early diagnosis and better treatment outcomes, emphasizing the need for awareness and education regarding these indicators.
18) Agriculture:
'Agriculture' relates to farming practices and land use, which may impact environmental exposures contributing to diseases such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Understanding the intersection of agriculture, lifestyle, and cancer risks aids in pinpointing public health strategies tailored to specific communities.
19) Discussion:
'Discussion' refers to a critical examination of findings in research studies, allowing for the interpretation and implications of results in a broader context. Engaging in discussion facilitates improved understanding of factors influencing diseases like nasopharyngeal carcinoma among different populations.
20) Education:
'Education' is fundamental in raising awareness about health risks associated with conditions like nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Effective education ensures that communities understand prevention measures, encourages early detection, and facilitates access to care, ultimately improving health outcomes.
21) Dividing:
'Dividing' relates to categorizing or stratifying data for analysis. In cancer epidemiology, dividing populations based on ethnicity, gender, or age enhances understanding of disease incidence variations, informing targeted interventions and healthcare policies.
22) Citizen:
A 'citizen' represents members of a community, influenced by socio-economic and cultural factors affecting health outcomes. Engaging citizens in dialogue about cancer awareness and prevention enhances community-driven approaches to tackling diseases like nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
23) Account:
'Account' signifies the need for transparency and documentation in research findings. Accurate accounts of cancer incidences, methodologies, and outcomes are essential for building a comprehensive understanding of diseases like nasopharyngeal carcinoma within diverse communities.
24) Gopala (Go-pala):
'Gopala' may refer to a researcher involved in cancer studies or exemplify individuals contributing to understanding the socio-cultural factors influencing health outcomes. Acknowledging names like Gopala highlights the collaborative effort across various disciplines in studying nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
25) Reason:
'Reason' signifies the underlying factors contributing to disease incidence and outcomes. Identifying reasons for differences in nasopharyngeal carcinoma rates among various populations aids in formulating effective public health strategies and reducing disease burden.
26) India:
India serves as a significant context for studying cancer epidemiology, with diverse ethnic groups and varying health practices impacting disease patterns. Understanding NPC status in India informs global health policies and enhances knowledge of cancer complexities across regions.
27) Death:
'Death' underscores the severity of cancer diseases such as NPC, which can lead to significant mortality. Analyzing death rates aids in evaluating health interventions and understanding the impact of cancer on public health overall.
28) Hand:
'Hand' may symbolize the active involvement required in addressing cancer-related health issues. Engaging healthcare workers, researchers, and communities hand-in-hand ensures cohesive efforts in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases like nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
29) Post:
'Post' could refer to the aftermath of cancer research findings, indicating further investigations, policy recommendations, or public health actions. Emphasizing post-research contributions ensures continuity in efforts to enhance patient care and cancer awareness.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Incidence in Pahang, Malaysia (2012-2017)’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Higher education, Conflict of interest, Medical advice, Southeast Asia, Health burden, Data analysis, World Health Organization, Ethics committee, Clinical presentation, PubMed, Google Scholar, Study protocol, Declaration of Helsinki, Fundamental research, Study period, Epidemiological study, Cancer incidence, National Cancer registry, Male to female ratio, Incidence rate, Upper respiratory tract, Ethnic Distribution, Ethnic group, Private hospital, Histological type, Disease burden, Histopathological classification, Cancer Registry, Research ethics committee, Cancer cases, Histological classification, Malignant Tumour, National Cancer Institute, Female ratio, Increasing trend, Temporal Analysis, Referral hospital, International Islamic University Malaysia, Ministry of Health, Late stage, Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Government Hospital, Authors contribution, Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, Study material, Medical record.
Concepts being referred in other categories, contexts and sources.