Evaluation of Serum Lipids in Pemphigus Vulgaris Patients

| Posted in: Science

Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: The Evaluation of Serum Lipids Profile in Patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris: A Case-Control Study
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
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Original source:

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Author:

Fahimeh Rezazadeh, Maryam Moshaverinia, Farhad Handjani, Fatemeh Khoshkholgh, Nasrin Saki, Alireza Heiran


The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:

(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)

Full text available for: The Evaluation of Serum Lipids Profile in Patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris: A Case-Control Study

Year: 2020 | Doi: 10.21315/mjms2020.27.2.7

Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0


Download the PDF file of the original publication


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies targeting desmogleins, which are crucial for cell adhesion in the skin and mucosa. This condition leads to the formation of blisters and ulcers, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. Recent studies suggest that autoimmune diseases, including PV, may be associated with dyslipidemia and an increased risk of atherosclerosis, which presents a secondary health concern for those affected. This study aims to examine the serum lipid profile of PV patients in comparison to healthy controls, thereby exploring potential links between PV and cardiovascular health.

Dyslipidemia and Pemphigus Vulgaris

The results of the study reveal that patients with PV exhibited significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), non-HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides compared to healthy controls. Specifically, the mean serum total cholesterol level in PV patients was 190.4 mg/dL, while in the control group, it was 155.25 mg/dL. Notably, although patients also showed elevated triglyceride levels, the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) remained statistically unchanged between both groups. These findings suggest that patients with PV are likely to have an altered lipid profile, which may predispose them to cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, correlating with the growing body of literature that indicates chronic inflammation and immune responses contribute to lipid metabolism alterations in autoimmune conditions.

Conclusion

In summary, the study indicates that PV patients have an elevated serum lipid profile compared to healthy individuals, which could increase their susceptibility to cardiovascular complications. This highlights the importance of monitoring lipid levels in patients with PV as part of their overall management strategy to mitigate the risk of atherosclerosis. Future research with larger, well-controlled studies is necessary to validate these findings and deepen the understanding of the relationship between autoimmune diseases, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular health, ultimately leading to improved patient care and outcomes.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is pemphigus vulgaris and its characteristics?

Pemphigus vulgaris is a chronic autoimmune blistering disease characterized by IgG autoantibodies targeting desmogleins, leading to the separation of skin layers and mucosal involvement, causing painful blisters.

What was the objective of the study about PV?

The study aimed to compare the serum lipid profile of patients with pemphigus vulgaris to that of healthy controls to explore potential associations between dyslipidemia and the disease.

What significant differences were found in the lipid profiles?

The study found significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, non-HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides in PV patients compared to healthy controls, indicating a potential increased risk for atherosclerosis.

What is the conclusion regarding dyslipidemia in PV patients?

The findings suggest that patients with pemphigus vulgaris may have altered lipid profiles, increasing their risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, emphasizing the importance of monitoring these parameters in their overall management.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Evaluation of Serum Lipids in Pemphigus Vulgaris Patients”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Disease:
Disease refers to an abnormal condition of a living organism, characterized by specific symptoms and signs. In the context of the text, it highlights pemphigus vulgaris (PV), an autoimmune blistering disease affecting skin integrity and function, underlining the importance of understanding how it interacts with other health conditions, including cardiovascular risks.

2) Table:
In research, tables serve as essential tools for organizing and presenting data succinctly. The text references tables that encapsulate demographic characteristics and lipid profiles of patients with pemphigus vulgaris compared to healthy controls. This structured presentation facilitates quick comprehension of results and clear communication of findings to the scientific community.

3) Study (Studying):
A study is a systematic investigation aiming to establish facts or principles or to collect information on a subject. The text discusses a case-control study comparing lipid profiles between pemphigus vulgaris patients and healthy individuals. Such studies are crucial in identifying potential correlations and enhancing medical understanding of diseases.

4) Science (Scientific):
Science encompasses the systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe. In this context, the science of autoimmune diseases explores the mechanisms underlying conditions like pemphigus vulgaris, emphasizing research methods, data analysis, and evidence-based conclusions in medical research.

5) Cancer:
While not specifically addressed in the text, cancer relates to abnormal cell growth. In autoimmune diseases like pemphigus vulgaris, patients may experience increased cardiovascular risks, as seen in cancers, stressing the need for studying lipid profiles and their potential implications in developing co-morbid conditions, including malignancies.

6) Simha:
Sinha is mentioned as one of the authors contributing to the research. Authors play a crucial role in conducting studies, analyzing data, and ensuring the integrity of research findings. Their contributions help advance knowledge in dermatology and the field of autoimmune disorders, enhancing clinical practices and therapeutic strategies.

7) Male:
The term 'male' denotes one of the sex categories involved in the study's demographic data. The gender distribution is essential in medical research due to possible physiological and hormonal differences affecting disease prevalence and responses to treatment, which can lead to insights about pemphigus vulgaris and overall disease management strategies.

8) Activity:
Activity refers to the condition or state of being active. In the text's context, it likely relates to the variability in disease manifestations or treatment responses among patients. Monitoring activity levels could affect the management of pemphigus vulgaris, potentially influencing associated risks like cardiovascular events or inflammatory responses.

9) Blood:
Blood is vital for transporting nutrients and oxygen through the body. The text discusses blood tests on lipid profiles, emphasizing the connection between serum lipid levels and autoimmune diseases like pemphigus vulgaris. Understanding blood chemistry is crucial for assessing overall health, cardiovascular risks, and managing treatments effectively.

10) Drug:
Drugs represent substances used to diagnose, cure, mitigate, treat, or prevent diseases. The study's exclusion criteria for certain drugs highlights their potential impact on lipid metabolism and disease progression in pemphigus vulgaris. Medications play a key role in managing autoimmune conditions, necessitating careful consideration during research.

11) Rheumatoid arthritis:
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of joints. The text suggests that autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, may exhibit altered lipid profiles, indicating a relationship between autoimmune activity and cardiovascular risks. Understanding these associations helps inform treatment strategies and patient monitoring in clinical settings.

12) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a biological response to harmful stimuli; in autoimmune diseases, it can lead to tissue damage. The study explores how inflammation in conditions like pemphigus vulgaris can be linked to dyslipidemia, which increases the risk of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases, highlighting the need for comprehensive treatment approaches.

13) Medicine:
Medicine is the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing disease. The text situates pemphigus vulgaris within medical research, emphasizing the importance of understanding its relationship with lipid profiles and cardiovascular risk factors, thereby contributing to evidence-based practices focusing on comprehensive patient care and disease management.

14) Mallika:
Mallika is noted as an author involved in the research study. Author contributions are crucial in developing research, as they provide insights, conduct experiments, analyze data, and collaborate with peers. Their involvement ensures the rigor and validity of findings, advancing understanding in the field of autoimmune diseases.

15) Quality:
Quality denotes the standard of something's effectiveness, often evaluated in research contexts. The study's rigorous methodology aimed to maintain high-quality data collection and analysis. Ensuring quality in research on pemphigus vulgaris is vital for deriving credible insights that can inform treatment protocols and improve patient outcomes.

16) Gupta:
Gupta is mentioned among the authors of the study, reflecting collaborative efforts in scientific research. Each author's contribution can enhance diverse perspectives, methodologies, and expertise in investigating pemphigus vulgaris, thereby enriching the research findings and their applicability in clinical settings and overall understanding of autoimmune diseases.

17) Chang:
Chang refers to one of the authors listed in the research, underscoring teamwork in scientific investigations. Contributory roles of authors, such as designing experiments, gathering data, and interpreting results, are vital for effective research in understanding conditions like pemphigus vulgaris and the associated implications for patient care and treatment strategies.

18) Rules:
Rules represent established guidelines within scientific research. In this study, adhering to analytical and ethical rules ensures validity and reliability of results, fostering trust in the findings. Clear rules for conducting and reporting research help maintain scientific integrity, resulting in better understanding and management of diseases like pemphigus vulgaris.

19) Cina:
China is mentioned in relation to a population studied for associations with cardiovascular health and the atherogenic index. Geographic context matters in research, as it can influence health outcomes due to various factors like genetics, diet, and healthcare practices, shedding light on global disease patterns and treatment variations.

20) Guti:
Guti refers to an author involved in the study, emphasizing collaboration in scientific research. The inclusion of multiple authors with diverse expertise contributes to a comprehensive understanding of pemphigus vulgaris, enhancing the study's depth and applicability in addressing complex issues surrounding autoimmune diseases and their management.

21) Shula (Sula):
Sula is mentioned among the authors of the discussion on autoimmune diseases. Each author's role contributes to compiling and analyzing data, ensuring thorough examinations of various aspects of pemphigus vulgaris, fostering collaborative research efforts that enhance the collective knowledge in the medical community regarding autoimmune conditions.

22) Sagi:
Sagi is noted as part of the author list, denoting the collaborative nature of the research effort. Contributions from all authors, including their diverse perspectives and expertise, are essential for exploring and better understanding conditions like pemphigus vulgaris, leading to improved patient care and innovative therapeutic approaches.

23) Kita:
Kita is one of the authors on the study, highlighting the importance of collaboration in research activities. The collective expertise among contributors aids in thorough investigation, fostering a comprehensive understanding of pemphigus vulgaris and its interrelations with metabolic disorders, ultimately enhancing patient management and treatment strategies.

24) Sah:
Shah is acknowledged as a contributing author in the research, underlining the collective effort needed in scientific inquiries. Each author’s expertise supports the critical analysis of findings related to pemphigus vulgaris, reinforcing collaborative principles that can lead to significant advancements in diagnosing and treating autoimmune diseases.

25) Accumulation (Accumulating, Accumulate):
Accumulation refers to an increase over time, often seen in pathological conditions. In the context of the study, it may relate to the build-up of lipids and its implications in cardiovascular diseases among autoimmune disorders. Understanding accumulation patterns aids in assessing risks associated with pemphigus vulgaris and developing preventative strategies.

26) Performance:
Performance in research pertains to the efficacy and accuracy of the methods and analysis utilized. The study's performance reflects its design's integrity in revealing significant findings regarding the serum lipid profiles of pemphigus vulgaris patients, crucial for evaluating risks of comorbid conditions and making informed decisions about patient care.

27) Measurement:
Measurement involves quantifying variables for research analysis. In the study, lipid levels were measured to compare between patients with pemphigus vulgaris and healthy controls. Accurately measuring these parameters is vital for interpreting results and understanding their implications on cardiovascular health, guiding healthcare professionals in making informed treatment decisions.

28) Discussion:
Discussion sections in research provide an avenue for interpreting results, exploring implications, and relating findings to existing literature. In the context of the study, the discussion emphasizes the significance of altered lipid profiles in pemphigus vulgaris, connecting it to potential increased cardiovascular risks, informing future research avenues and clinical practice.

29) Detachment:
Detachment in the context of pemphigus vulgaris refers to the loss of adhesion between skin cells caused by autoimmune responses. This process leads to blistering and skin integrity compromise. Understanding the mechanisms underlying detachment is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies to manage pemphigus vulgaris and improve patient outcomes.

30) Knowledge:
Knowledge represents the accumulated information and understanding derived from research. The study contributes to knowledge regarding pemphigus vulgaris and its relationship with lipid profiles, enriching the scientific discourse around autoimmune diseases. This knowledge enhances clinical practice and informs future research directions aimed at improving patient care and disease prevention.

31) Education:
Education is the process of facilitating learning or acquiring knowledge. In the medical field, education is vital for training healthcare professionals and disseminating findings from studies like this one. Ensuring that practitioners understand the implications of research on pemphigus vulgaris aids in delivering better patient care and informs treatment approaches.

32) Language:
Language encompasses the means of communication, essential for conveying research findings effectively. In scientific studies, clear and precise language is critical to ensure that results are communicated accurately to various audiences, including medical professionals and the public, facilitating understanding and application of research in clinical practice.

33) Family:
Family refers to genetic lineage and can play a role in predisposition to diseases. In autoimmune research, familial patterns of diseases like pemphigus vulgaris are relevant, as understanding hereditary factors can aid in identifying at-risk populations and tailoring preventive strategies that enhance overall healthcare management.

34) Death:
Death relates to the cessation of biological functions that sustain life. In the context of autoimmune diseases and the research discussed, understanding the potential links between pemphigus vulgaris, lipid profiles, and cardiovascular mortality is crucial for improving patient outcomes and developing effective management strategies that mitigate such risks.

35) Line:
Line can refer to lineage or a sequence of related concepts. In research, it indicates the continuity of studies within a particular field. The findings may represent a line of investigation concerning the relationship between autoimmune diseases like pemphigus vulgaris and lipid metabolism, guiding further inquiries and clinical practices.

36) Hand:
Hand signifies a helping gesture or action. In a research context, it can denote the collaborative efforts among researchers and healthcare providers aiming to improve understanding and treatment of diseases. Their combined efforts can lead to innovative approaches and enhance patient management in autoimmune conditions such as pemphigus vulgaris.

37) Post:
Post may refer to disseminating research findings to the public or academia. In the context of the study, posting findings in relevant journals increases visibility and accessibility of information regarding pemphigus vulgaris and its connection with lipid profiles, fostering knowledge sharing and enhancing the medical community's understanding of autoimmune diseases.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Evaluation of Serum Lipids in Pemphigus Vulgaris Patients’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Skin disease, Diabetes mellitus, Blistering disease, Diabetes, Statistical analysis, Mortality risk, Control group, Exclusion criteria, Autoimmune disease, Body mass index, Oxidative stress, Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular morbidity, Dyslipidemia, Total cholesterol, Lipid profile, High-density lipoprotein, Low-density lipoprotein, Serum lipid profile, Serum lipid levels, Cardiovascular disease, Endothelial dysfunction, Lipid peroxidation, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 diabetes, Immune response, Blood coagulation, Drug efficacy, Oral lichen planus, Atherogenic Index, Cholesterol level, Case-control study, Triglycerides level, Mean age, Cardiovascular risk factor, Autoantibodies, Risk factor, Triglyceride, Statistical difference, Cardiovascular health, Cardiovascular risk, Normal range, Endoplasmic reticulum stress, Healthy control, Biological relevance, Venous blood sample, Cell Adhesion Molecule, Enzymatic Method, Lipoprotein A, Lipid parameters, Plasma, Endoplasmic reticulum, Systemic sclerosis, Fibrinolysis, Female ratio, Demographic variable, Pemphigus Foliaceus, Monoclonal antibody, Patient group, Autoimmune condition, Pemphigus vulgaris, Case and control group, Lipid level, Serum lipid.

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