Effects of Origanum majorana on Hepatosteatosis in Rats
Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: Anti-Hypolipidemic and Anti-Oxidative Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Origanum majorana on the Hepatosteatosis Induced with High-Fat Diet in Rats
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
This page presents a generated summary with additional references; See source (below) for actual content.
Original source:
This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.
Abdolmomen Ghaeni Pasavei, Reza Mohebbati, Nadia Boroumand, Ahmad Ghorbani, Azar Hosseini, Shirin Taraz Jamshidi, Mohammad Soukhtanloo
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:
(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)
Full text available for: Anti-Hypolipidemic and Anti-Oxidative Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Origanum majorana on the Hepatosteatosis Induced with High-Fat Diet in Rats
Year: 2020 | Doi: 10.21315/mjms2020.27.1.6
Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0
Download the PDF file of the original publication
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by the accumulation of triglycerides and cholesterol within hepatocytes, posing significant health risks such as fibrosis and cirrhosis. A high-fat diet (HFD) has been identified as a major contributor to the pathogenesis of NAFLD, primarily through its induction of oxidative stress. The study explores the antihyperlipidemic and antioxidative effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of marjoram (HAEM) on rats subjected to a high-fat diet over 12 weeks, assessing its potential as a therapeutic intervention for protecting the liver from NAFLD-induced damage.
Antioxidative Properties of Marjoram
The administration of HAEM was found to significantly lower serum lipid levels, including triglycerides and cholesterol, as well as reduce markers of oxidative stress, such as malondialdehyde (MDA). The study also noted increased ferric-reducing antioxidant power in the treatment groups, indicating enhanced antioxidant capacity. These findings suggest that marjoram's phytochemicals, particularly polyphenolic compounds like rosmarinic acid, play a pivotal role in combatting oxidative stress and improving liver health, making HAEM a promising candidate in the management of NAFLD.
Conclusion
The results underscore the potential of Origanum majorana (marjoram) in protecting the liver from oxidative stress associated with NAFLD. By demonstrating significant improvements in lipid profiles and reductions in oxidative stress markers, the study advocates for further exploration of natural antioxidants in treating liver diseases. However, more extensive research involving larger sample sizes is needed to validate these findings and better understand the mechanisms through which marjoram exerts its protective effects on liver health.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the aim of the current study?
The study aims to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic and anti-oxidative effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of marjoram in rats that are fed with a high-fat diet.
How were the experimental rats divided for the study?
The 20 rats were divided randomly into four groups, including a normal diet group, a high-fat diet group, and two groups receiving high-fat diets with different doses of marjoram extract (150 mg/kg/day and 450 mg/kg/day).
What results did the study find regarding serum lipid profiles?
Rats treated with marjoram extract showed significant decreases in serum lipid levels, including triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein, compared to those solely on the high-fat diet.
What conclusion can be drawn from the study's findings?
The findings suggest that hydro-alcoholic extract of marjoram could be a potential therapeutic agent for treating hepatosteatosis and reducing oxidative damage in the liver due to high-fat diets.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Effects of Origanum majorana on Hepatosteatosis in Rats”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Diet:
Diet refers to the types of food that are consumed by an individual or organism. In the context of the study, a high-fat diet is significant as it is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and has been shown to induce oxidative stress and related liver damage, making it a crucial factor in understanding the disease's pathogenesis.
2) Disease:
Disease is a pathological condition that affects an organism, and in this study, the focus is on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is characterized by the accumulation of triglycerides in liver cells and can lead to serious health issues like fibrosis and cirrhosis, emphasizing the need for effective treatments.
3) Activity:
Activity in this context refers to the biochemical processes occurring within the body, particularly the enzymatic activities measured in the study. It highlights how lifestyle choices, such as diet and physical activity, can influence health outcomes and the oxidative stress associated with high-fat diets.
4) Table:
A table serves as a means to summarize and present data clearly. In research articles, tables help to organize results, such as biochemical markers or experimental outcomes, for easier interpretation and comparison, thereby facilitating better understanding of the findings.
5) Study (Studying):
A study is a systematic investigation aimed at discovering new information or testing hypotheses. The current study evaluates the effects of marjoram extract on oxidative stress and liver function in rats, seeking to establish its potential benefits in combating NAFLD, thereby contributing to greater biomedical knowledge.
6) Food:
Food refers to any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for an organism. It plays a critical role in the metabolic processes leading to health or disease. In this study, the focus is on how dietary components, particularly high-fat foods, influence liver health and disease progression.
7) Animal:
Animal in this context refers to the experimental subjects, specifically male Wistar rats used in the study. The use of animal models is essential in biomedical research as they allow for controlled studies that can yield insights applicable to human health, particularly regarding liver disease mechanisms.
8) Water:
Water is a vital component for life and plays an essential role in various physiological functions, including metabolism and maintaining homeostasis. In this study, it is mentioned in conjunction with providing a standard diet to the rats, indicating the importance of hydration in experimental settings.
9) Accumulation (Accumulating, Accumulate):
Accumulated denotes the increased concentration or build-up of substances like lipids or proteins over time. In liver studies, focusing on accumulated fat can emphasize the pathological aspect of NAFLD, providing insight into the underlying mechanisms and potential treatment targets.
10) Toxicity:
Toxicity refers to the degree to which a substance can harm an organism. In the context of the study, examining the toxicity of high-fat diets on liver function is crucial for understanding the adverse effects of certain dietary habits and finding potential protective remedies from natural sources.
11) Brahmi:
Brahmi, known scientifically as Bacopa monnieri, is a medicinal herb traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine. Its inclusion in discussions about liver health emphasizes the exploration of various natural compounds as potential healing agents that may alleviate conditions like oxidative stress and liver damage.
12) Beta:
Beta can refer to beta-oxidation, a metabolic process that breaks down fatty acids to produce energy. This process is crucial in understanding lipid metabolism and how it relates to diseases such as NAFLD, linking dietary fat intake to biochemical activity in the liver.
13) Curcuma longa:
Curcuma longa, commonly known as turmeric, is a well-known medicinal plant with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Its relevance lies in its potential therapeutic effects against liver damage, highlighting the importance of researching natural substances in developing treatments for liver diseases like NAFLD.
14) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses the field of health care involved in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. In this study, the focus is on alternative and traditional medicinal plants, like marjoram and curcumin, which may present safer, effective options for treating liver conditions compared to conventional drugs.
15) Relative:
Relative refers to how one concept is compared in relation to another. In the context of this study, discussing the relative effects of different dosages of marjoram on liver health helps in understanding the dose-response relationship important for achieving optimal therapeutic effects.
16) Science (Scientific):
Science is the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experimentation. The study exemplifies scientific inquiry, whereby hypotheses regarding the effects of herbal extracts on liver health are tested and analyzed to contribute to broader knowledge in health sciences.
17) Honey:
Honey is a natural sweet substance produced by bees, possessing various health benefits including antioxidant properties. Its mention in the study signifies the exploration of diverse natural compounds that may offer therapeutic potential for conditions like NAFLD via their ability to combat oxidative stress.
18) Ziziphus mauritiana:
Ziziphus mauritiana, also known as jujube, is a fruit-bearing tree recognized for its medicinal properties, particularly in traditional medicine. Its relevance in this context underscores the potential for plant-based therapies in preventing or alleviating diseases like NAFLD through various bioactive compounds present in its fruits.
19) Measurement:
Measurement refers to the process of obtaining data on specific parameters in the study, such as liver enzymes, oxidative stress markers, and biochemical indicators. Accurate measurement is crucial in establishing the effects of treatments and drawing reliable conclusions about their efficacy.
20) Species:
Species refers to the basic unit of biological classification, encompassing groups of organisms capable of interbreeding. In research, distinguishing between different species, such as using Wistar rats, is vital for ensuring that results are relevant and can be generalized to similar living organisms within the same group.
21) Saura (Shaura):
Saura refers to a research context associated with health sciences or medicinal studies. Mentioning it signifies the exploration of specific mechanisms or targets within interventions aimed at addressing health issues like oxidative stress and liver damage, potentially through therapeutic agents derived from nature.
22) Blood:
Blood is vital for transporting oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body. In this study, blood samples are analyzed to measure biochemical parameters and liver enzymes, helping assess the overall effect of treatments on liver health and the body's response to dietary changes.
23) Shan (San):
The term Shan may refer to a researcher or lead investigator in the study. Noteworthy in publications, researchers contribute their expertise and findings to the scientific community, enhancing understanding of the roles played by natural compounds in preventing liver diseases.
24) Post:
Post refers to the results or discussions that follow a specific phase in research. In studies like these, post-experimental analyses are crucial to evaluating the impacts of treatments, facilitating interpretations and conclusions that may affect future research directions or clinical practices.
25) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological pertains to the study of drugs and their effects on biological systems. Understanding pharmacological actions of various natural extracts, such as those from marjoram, can inform their potential application in developing therapeutic strategies aimed at managing conditions like NAFLD.
26) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a biological response indicating tissue injury or infection, often contributing to disease progression. In the context of this study, inflammation is a critical factor in NAFLD, and assessing how treatments impact inflammatory markers aids in evaluating their therapeutic efficacy against liver disease.
27) Discussion:
Discussion is a key section in research papers where results are interpreted and their implications explored. It connects findings to existing literature, proposing explanations and future avenues of research, and facilitating a deeper understanding of the impacts of dietary interventions on liver health.
28) Knowledge:
Knowledge encompasses information and understanding gained through experience or education. In scientific research, expanding knowledge about phytochemicals and their effects on health conditions like liver disease is vital for advancing therapeutic approaches utilizing natural resources.
29) Substance:
Substance refers to any form of matter, particularly those used in research settings such as extracts, chemicals, or compounds. Identifying the effects of substances like marjoram extract provides essential information for understanding how they can offer protective effects against NAFLD.
30) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a class of phytonutrients with antioxidant properties found in various plants. Their importance in this context lies in their role in protecting against oxidative stress and inflammation, making them significant in the development of natural treatments for liver-related diseases.
31) Powder:
Powder refers to a finely ground substance, often used in herbal medicine for its easy incorporation into diets or formulations. The use of powdered extracts, such as that from marjoram, enables precise dosage and enhances bioavailability of the active compounds being studied.
32) Rules:
Rules refer to established guidelines or principles governing scientific research. Adhering to rules in experimental design and methodology ensures reliability and validity of results, enabling the scientific community to trust findings and apply them in clinical or therapeutic contexts.
33) House:
House refers to the facility where research animals, such as the Wistar rats in this study, are housed. Proper housing conditions are critical for the welfare of animals used in research, influencing their health and the validity of the resulting data.
34) Hand:
Hand may signify the involvement of researchers in conducting experiments or providing care for the subjects under study. It represents the human element in scientific research, emphasizing the importance of careful handling and observation in achieving valid results.
35) Male:
Male refers to the sex of the Wistar rats used in the study. Specifying male subjects is important for standardizing experimental conditions, as sex differences can affect physiological responses and outcomes in biomedical research.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Effects of Origanum majorana on Hepatosteatosis in Rats’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Rat, Curcuma longa, Alp, Ast, Liver, Nigella sativa, Origanum majorana, Marjoram, Medicinal plant, Inflammation, mda', Small number, Financial support, Therapeutic agent, Therapeutic properties, Herbal medicine, Conflict of interest, Statistical analysis, Control group, Experimental design, Cholesterol, Treatment group, Pharmacological activity, Experimental study, Ethics committee, Oxidative stress, Anti-inflammatory, Anti oxidant, Reactive oxygen species, Anti oxidant activity, Lipid profile, Low-density lipoprotein, Serum lipid profile, Hepatoprotective activity, Lipid peroxidation, Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Hepatoprotective effect, Oxidative damage, Hepatoprotective properties, Histopathological studies, Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Anti-oxidant activities, Biochemical analysis, Therapeutic regimen, Normal control, Free radical scavenging activities, Liver disease, Anti-oxidant enzymes, Malondialdehyde, Animal house, Statistical analyses, Alkaline phosphatase, Phosphate-buffered saline, Hematoxylin and eosin, FRAP assay, High-fat diet, Catalase activity, Myeloperoxidase, Bilirubin, Standard diet, Green tea, Animal experiment, LDL, Triglyceride, Lipid accumulation, Liver damage, Mitochondria, Cirrhosis, Gamma Glutamyl Transferase, Hepatic enzymes, Total bilirubin, Phosphate buffer, Spectrophotometer, Alanine Aminotransferase, Aspartate Aminotransferase, Thiol groups, Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, Tissue homogenate, Liver enzyme, Malondialdehyde Level, Wistar rat, SOD Activity, Ethanol, Myeloperoxidase activity, MDA level, Polyphenolic compound, National laws, Plant based antioxidants, Fibrosis, Histochemical analysis, Hepatic tissue, Rosmarinic acid, Liver parameter, Formalin, Anti-oxidant assay, Marjoram oil, Natural anti oxidant, Liver histology, Ferric Reducing Anti-oxidant Power, Hepatocellular, SOD and CAT, Liver enzyme activities, Ethics of Study, Hydro-alcoholic extract of marjoram, H hepatosteatosis, Lipid profile and LDL, Biochemical markers assay, Steatosis fibrosis and steatohepatitis, Experiential design, NAFLD, LDL level, Haem group, Hepatic lipid metabolism, Redox balance, HFD, Virgin olive oil, ALP level, Biochemical improvement, Polyphenol, ALT and AST, HFD group, TG, HAEM, Hepatosteatosis, Beta-oxidation, Liver tests, Edible or medicinal plants, Steatosis, Thiol content, ALT, GGT, Anti-oxidant capacity, Histological improvement, Histologic and metabolic derangements, Intrahepatic fat deposition, Induction of NAFLD by HFD, Liver size and weight, Vacuolation in hepatocytes, Anti-inflammatory abilities, NAFLD treatment, Ziziphus mauritiana leaf, Jujube honey, SOD and CAT status, Oxidative stress-induced NFLD, Flavonoids, anthocyanins, tannin derivatives, National Institutes of Health guidelines, Research code number, Histologic and metabolic, Anti-oxidant polyphenol, TG, cholesterol and LDL, ALP, and GGT, Anti-oxidant compounds, GGT levels, Mitochondria dysfunction, Induction of NAFLD, Normal hepatic tissue, Mashhad University, Treatment with Origanum, Control levels, TG, cholesterol, Bilirubin between different.