Strobilanthes crispus extract lowers respiratory exchange in obese mice.
Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: Strobilanthes crispus Extract Reduces Respiratory Exchange Ratio in Obese Mice Fed High Fat and Low Fat Diets
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
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Original source:
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Norhasnida Zawawi, Maznah Ismail
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:
(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)
Full text available for: Strobilanthes crispus Extract Reduces Respiratory Exchange Ratio in Obese Mice Fed High Fat and Low Fat Diets
Year: 2018 | Doi: 10.21315/mjms2018.25.6.5
Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Obesity has become a significant global health issue, affecting approximately 1.9 billion adults, with at least 650 million classified as obese. The World Health Organization reports that the prevalence of obesity has nearly tripled since 1975, leading to increased risks of health problems such as coronary artery disease, diabetes, and hypertension. Traditional dietary remedies have historically been explored for weight management, and more recently, natural products, particularly from plants, are being investigated for their potential roles in obesity treatment by acting on various metabolic pathways.
The Role of Strobilanthes Crispus in Weight Management
This study examines the anti-obesity effects of Strobilanthes crispus leaf extract (SCE) in LDL receptor knockout (LDLr KO) mice fed a high-fat diet. The research found that weight gain and food intake did not significantly change in SCE-treated groups; however, there was a notable decrease in the respiratory exchange ratio (RER), indicating enhanced lipid oxidation, potentially linked to increased energy expenditure. SCE treatment brought about significant changes in plasma lipid profiles, specifically raising cholesterol levels. This outcome suggests that while SCE may promote lipolysis and increase energy utilization, it does not markedly affect body weight or fat metrics in the studied obesity model.
Conclusion
The findings from this research indicate that while SCE has the potential to induce lipolysis and promote lipid oxidation, its overall effectiveness as an anti-obesity agent in LDLr KO mice remains inconclusive, as it did not result in significant changes in body weight or fat levels. The study highlights the necessity for further investigations in varied animal models to verify and expand upon these results, aiming to establish if SCE could offer a viable natural treatment for obesity. Overall, integrating natural products like SCE into obesity management strategies may be promising, but more comprehensive research is required to confirm their efficacy and safety.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the focus of the study on Strobilanthes crispus leaves?
The study aims to investigate the anti-obesity effect of Strobilanthes crispus leaf extract, traditionally consumed for its body weight lowering properties. It examines its impact on energy expenditure and lipolysis in high-fat diet-induced obese LDLr knockout mice.
How was obesity induced in the mice for this research?
Obesity was induced in LDLr knockout mice by feeding them a high-fat diet (HFD) for 25 weeks. After this period, half were maintained on HFD, while the other half were switched to a low-fat diet (LFD) for the experiment.
What were the effects of Strobilanthes crispus extract on the mice?
The extract significantly reduced the respiratory exchange ratio at week 9, suggesting enhanced fat oxidation. However, there were no significant changes in food intake, body weight, or abdominal fat weight found in treated groups.
What conclusions can be drawn regarding the effectiveness of S. crispus extract?
The findings suggest that S. crispus leaf extract promotes lipolysis and energy expenditure, but it did not significantly reduce obesity metrics. Further research in other animal models is required to confirm these effects.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Strobilanthes crispus extract lowers respiratory exchange in obese mice.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Table:
In medical research, tables are vital for presenting data concisely. They allow researchers to summarize findings clearly, enabling comparisons across different experimental groups. Such formatted data helps readers quickly understand relationships, differences, and trends, ultimately facilitating the reader's ability to interpret the results and conclusions drawn from the study.
2) Diet:
Diet refers to the specific intake of food and drink, which plays a crucial role in influencing health outcomes, particularly obesity and metabolic disorders. Understanding dietary patterns allows researchers to evaluate their impact on body weight, energy balance, and overall metabolic processes, thus informing potential interventions for obesity prevention and treatment.
3) Food:
Food serves as a primary source of nutrition, impacting health and disease states throughout life. In obesity studies, understanding the composition, quantity, and quality of food consumed is critical. Food choices drive caloric intake, influence satiety, and affect metabolism, making it essential for assessing dietary interventions and their effects on weight management.
4) Animal:
Animals, particularly rodent models like mice and rats, are extensively used in scientific research for studying human diseases, including obesity. Their controlled environments and genetic similarities provide insights into physiological processes, making it easier to test hypotheses, understand drug efficacy, and observe disease progression in a living organism, which parallels human health issues.
5) Water:
Water is essential for life, constituting a major part of dietary intake. In research, water consumption can influence physiological measurements, such as hydration status and metabolic rates. Understanding water intake in dietary studies helps clarify its role in nutrient absorption, satiety, and overall health, particularly in studies examining obesity and metabolic syndrome.
6) Study (Studying):
Studying denotes the act of engaging with materials to acquire knowledge. In scientific research, the process of studying nutritional impacts on obesity involves systematic observation, experimentation, and analysis. This pursuit of knowledge helps identify effective interventions, influences dietary guidelines, and informs public health policies aimed at mitigating obesity-related issues.
7) Cage:
Cages are utilized in animal studies to house subjects under controlled conditions. The design of cages impacts animal behavior, stress levels, and ultimately study results. Research involving cages often examines environmental influences on obesity, metabolism, and pharmacological responses, making their design crucial for ensuring valid and reproducible outcomes in scientific experimentation.
8) Life:
Life encompasses the biological processes that characterize living organisms, including metabolism, reproduction, and adaptation. In the context of health research, life signifies the importance of understanding the biological and environmental factors affecting health across different life stages—information critical in studying obesity, disease progression, and the impact of dietary interventions.
9) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds found in plants that may influence health, particularly in preventing or managing diseases like obesity. In research, their potential therapeutic effects are examined alongside diets rich in fruits and vegetables. Understanding phytochemicals can offer insights into natural approaches for weight management and overall health promotion.
10) Shari (Sari):
Sari, referring to the traditional garment worn in South Asia, may symbolize cultural connections to food and herbal practices found in these regions. Understanding local phytochemicals and dietary customs, influenced by tradition, aids in the exploration of plant-based obesity treatments and contributes to the holistic approaches in nutrition and health research.
11) Depression:
Depression is a mental health condition that can be influenced by various factors, including obesity and dietary habits. In research, exploring the relationship between dietary choices, obesity, and depression helps identify potential interventions. Understanding this interplay advances knowledge concerning holistic treatment approaches for comorbid conditions, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
12) Science (Scientific):
Scientific refers to the systematic and empirical approach employed in research. In the context of health studies, being scientific ensures that investigations follow methodologies grounded in evidence, data analysis, and peer review. Such practices maximize the reliability, validity, and reproducibility of results critical for advancing knowledge in obesity and nutrition science.
13) Activity:
Activity encompasses physical movements and behaviors that impact health and metabolic processes. In obesity research, assessing activity levels helps understand energy expenditure and weight regulation. This information informs interventions aimed at promoting physical activity as part of a comprehensive approach to weight management and overall health enhancement.
14) Blood:
Blood is a crucial bodily fluid that transports nutrients, oxygen, and hormones while removing waste products. In health studies, measurements of blood parameters like glucose and lipid profiles provide essential insights into metabolic conditions such as obesity. Understanding blood composition is vital for diagnosing diseases and monitoring responses to dietary interventions.
15) Disease:
Disease signifies a pathological condition impacting bodily functions, including obesity-related disorders like type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In scientific research, investigating diseases entails understanding their etiology, progression, and potential treatments, guiding the development of effective dietary and lifestyle interventions aimed at reducing disease prevalence and improving public health outcomes.
16) Species:
Species refers to a group of organisms having common characteristics, essential in biological research. In studies on obesity, understanding species differences, such as genetic variations in response to diets, is critical for dissecting mechanisms of weight regulation and developing species-specific treatment strategies in translational research to human health.
17) Parisheka (Pariseka):
Parise may refer to researchers whose findings contribute to understanding obesity's mechanisms and interventions. Names in research often represent seminal work or methods that influence the field. Acknowledging contributions from various scientists highlights the collaborative efforts essential in the progression of knowledge, especially in complex health issues like obesity and metabolic disorders.
18) Nature:
Nature encompasses the inherent characteristics and complexities of organisms and ecosystems. In health and nutrition research, understanding genetic, environmental, and dietary interactions informs evidence-based approaches to combat obesity. Recognizing the natural synergies within ecosystems fosters the study of dietary components and their health benefits, paving the way for sustainable practices.
19) Malik:
Malik may refer to scientists or studies examining the interplay between obesity and various health factors. Research contributions from individuals with the name help inform preventive and therapeutic strategies in health care. Their work is vital for understanding obesity and related conditions and addressing public health challenges effectively through evidence-driven solutions.
20) Rules:
Rules in the context of scientific research refer to the guidelines governing experimental design, conduct, and data interpretation. Following established scientific rules ensures the credibility and reproducibility of findings, which is essential in addressing complex issues like obesity. These rules guide researchers in making robust conclusions relevant to public health interventions.
21) Death:
Death refers to the cessation of biological functions sustaining life. In health research, understanding mortality associated with obesity and related diseases informs preventive measures and health interventions. Exploring the relationship between lifestyle factors and mortality rates can aid in developing strategies to reduce premature deaths linked to obesity and its comorbidities.
22) Hara:
Hara could refer to individuals involved in research that contributes to understanding obesity and its effects. Acknowledging researcher influence highlights the collaborative nature of scientific inquiry, where individual contributions shape advancements in the field of nutrition and metabolic health, particularly in understanding the dietary strategies for obesity management.
23) Hand:
Hand signifies manipulation and engagement with tools or instruments used in research. It refers to the practical aspects of conducting experiments, collecting data, and implementing methodologies that contribute to comprehending obesity and dietary impacts. Precision in handling equipment is critical for reliable results in laboratory settings, influencing research outcomes.
24) Drug:
Drugs refer to substances used in medical treatment that can impact metabolic functions and obesity management. In research focused on obesity, drugs undergoing evaluation for efficacy and safety guide clinical applications. Understanding drug interactions with diet can lead to advancements in therapeutic strategies for weight management and related health conditions.
25) Ter:
Ther is likely a truncation of the term ‘therapeutic’ which refers to treatments aimed at alleviating health issues. In obesity-related research, exploring therapeutic options—including lifestyle modifications and pharmacological interventions—is essential for addressing obesity and its comorbidities. Therapeutic strategies contribute significantly to improving health outcomes in affected populations.
26) Fish oil:
Fish oil, rich in omega-3 fatty acids, has been studied for its beneficial effects on cardiovascular health and weight management. Its inclusion in dietary research explores potential anti-obesity effects, influencing lipid profiles and metabolic processes. Understanding the role of fish oil can aid in developing nutritional recommendations for preventing and managing obesity.
27) Measurement:
Measurement is a fundamental aspect of scientific research, providing quantitative data that informs analysis and conclusions. In obesity studies, reliable measurement of variables like body weight, energy intake, and metabolic rates helps evaluate the effectiveness of interventions and understand factors contributing to obesity, shaping future dietary guidelines and health strategies.
28) Discussion:
Discussion in scholarly articles serves to interpret findings, connect research with existing knowledge, and explore implications. This section is crucial for providing context about the study's significance, highlighting limitations, and suggesting future research directions. Through discussion, researchers can address questions surrounding obesity and nutrition, fostering dialogue in the academic community.
29) Container:
Container denotes any object that holds substances or materials in experimentation. In the context of nutritional studies, containers may hold food items, biological samples, or experimental substances like extracts. Proper use of containers is essential for ensuring that samples remain uncontaminated and preserved, influencing the validity of research results significantly.
30) Medicine:
Medicine refers to the field focused on diagnosing, treating, and preventing illness. Within obesity research, understanding the medical implications of obesity on overall health is vital in creating effective treatment strategies. The discipline bridges scientific inquiry with practical health care solutions, informing approaches to enhance disease prevention and promote healthier lifestyles.
31) Epidemic:
An epidemic signifies a widespread occurrence of disease within a community or population. The obesity epidemic reflects rising obesity prevalence globally, posing significant public health challenges. Understanding its causes—such as lifestyle factors and dietary patterns—is critical in developing preventative measures and interventions to combat this increasing health crisis effectively.
32) Worry (Worried, Worrying):
Worrying highlights concerns regarding the potential health consequences associated with obesity, which poses risks such as cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. Addressing worrying trends within obesity statistics motivates research focused on prevention and treatment solutions. Increased awareness fosters initiatives to improve population health and guide individuals toward healthier lifestyle choices.
33) Thomas:
Thomas likely refers to influential researchers, such as Thomas Anderson, who contributed to the classification and study of various plant species, including those used traditionally for health benefits. Acknowledging individuals named Thomas emphasizes the historical context of research in nutrition and the interconnectedness of botanical studies in medical literature.
34) Reason:
Reason refers to the rationale behind scientific inquiries exploring obesity and dietary impacts. Understanding why certain diets or interventions are effective fosters critical thinking and informs subsequent research directions. Reasoned arguments help frame research questions, guiding investigations aimed at elucidating the complexities of obesity's causes and effects on health.
35) Powder:
Powder signifies the processed form of substances used in scientific research, such as herbal extracts. In dietary studies, powdered forms of ingredients ensure consistent dosages for experimentation and facilitate controlled analysis of their effects on obesity. Proper methods for powder preparation and analysis are crucial for achieving reliable research outcomes.
36) Glass:
Glass pertains to materials used in laboratory settings for the containment of liquids or samples. In nutrition research, glass containers ensure minimal contamination and enable accurate measurements during experiments. Understanding the properties and uses of glassware is critical in maintaining the integrity of research focused on dietary impacts and physiological evaluations.
37) Java:
Java refers to the Indonesian island well-known for its rich biodiversity, including various plant species. Studying plants like Strobilanthes crispus native to Java emphasizes the significance of ethnobotanical knowledge and phytochemicals in obesity research, linking traditional uses of plants with modern scientific exploration aimed at developing dietary interventions.
38) Beta:
Beta commonly signifies a class of compounds (beta-catechins) associated with various health benefits, including metabolic regulation. In nutrition research, understanding beta compounds helps elucidate their roles in weight management and potential anti-obesity effects, driving studies focused on dietary sources rich in these beneficial components for improving health outcomes.
39) Soup:
Soup often serves as a culinary dish, traditionally associated with health benefits and weight management. The concept of soup in nutritional studies relates to its role in satiety and meal composition. Examining soups’ effects on calorie intake and satisfaction contributes valuable insights for designing effective dietary strategies for weight loss.
40) Fish:
Fish, a significant protein source, offers various health benefits attributable to its nutrient composition, particularly omega-3 fatty acids. In obesity research, studying the effects of fish consumption informs dietary recommendations aimed at weight management. Fish serves as a subject of interest for discovering its metabolic impacts compared to other protein sources.
41) Post:
Post refers to subsequent examination or publication following scientific investigations. In research contexts, the post-study analysis contributes to the understanding of outcomes and implications derived from findings. The post-evaluation process ensures that results are disseminated effectively, promoting knowledge exchange within the scientific community regarding disorders like obesity.
42) Male:
Male refers to one of the two primary biological sexes, often the focus of studies concerning sex-specific responses to diets and obesity treatments. Research on male subjects provides essential insights into gender-related differences in metabolism, body composition, and behavioral responses, informing tailored interventions to address obesity and related health conditions.
Other Health Sciences Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Strobilanthes crispus extract lowers respiratory exchange in obese mice.’. Further sources in the context of Health Sciences might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
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