Bilateral Hydroureteronephrosis with Trabeculated Bladder
Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: Bilateral Hydroureteronephrosis with a Hypertrophied, Trabeculated Urinary Bladder
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
This page presents a generated summary with additional references; See source (below) for actual content.
Original source:
This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.
Showkathali Iqbal, Iqbal Raiz, Iqbal Faiz
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:
(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)
Full text available for: Bilateral Hydroureteronephrosis with a Hypertrophied, Trabeculated Urinary Bladder
Year: 2017 | Doi: 10.21315/mjms2017.24.2.14
Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0
Download the PDF file of the original publication
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Bilateral hydroureteronephrosis is a condition characterized by the dilatation of the renal pelvis, calyces, and ureters, typically resulting from urinary tract obstruction. The resulting back pressure can lead to impaired renal function and potentially renal failure. Although often asymptomatic, it can be identified incidentally during evaluations for unrelated issues. Various causes exist for this condition, including renal calculi, which is the most common, as well as non-calculus aetiologies influenced by factors like age and gender. In adults, cited causes include pelvic ureteric junction obstruction, benign prostatic hypertrophy, urethral strictures, neurogenic bladder, retroperitoneal mass, and bladder outlet obstruction. Diagnosis primarily relies on ultrasonography, which serves as the baseline investigation in cases of hydronephrosis.
Chronic Bladder Neck Obstruction
In this case report, an 82-year-old male cadaver revealed bilateral hydroureteronephrosis associated with a hypertrophied, trabeculated bladder. The lack of an evident obstruction at the distal ureters and a normal prostate pointed towards a diagnosis of primary bladder neck obstruction (PBNO). PBNO refers to the inadequate opening of the bladder neck during voiding, leading to urinary flow obstruction without an anatomical blockage. The causative mechanisms for PBNO are not completely understood but may involve structural changes or dysfunction in the bladder musculature. Histopathological examinations confirmed chronic pyelonephritis in both kidneys, alongside hypertrophy and trabeculation of the bladder wall. This documentation enhances the understanding of hydroureteronephrosis etiology and the significance of recognizing obstructive uropathy.
Conclusion
Non-calculus hydronephrosis predominantly affects adults in their third to eighth decades of life, with a higher incidence in males compared to females. The condition often presents with symptoms such as abdominal discomfort, pain, and frequent urination. PBNO is a notable contributor to the development of bilateral hydroureteronephrosis with bladder hypertrophy. Abdominal ultrasound is emphasized as the primary diagnostic tool, supplemented by advanced imaging methods such as contrast-enhanced CT. This case underscores the importance of timely diagnosis and management of hydronephrosis to mitigate progression to renal impairment.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is bilateral hydroureteronephrosis and its causes?
Bilateral hydroureteronephrosis is the dilation of the renal pelvis and ureters due to urinary tract obstruction, commonly caused by renal calculus. Other causes include pelvic masses, neurogenic bladder, and benign prostatic hypertrophy, varying based on age and sex.
How can bilateral hydroureteronephrosis be diagnosed?
Ultrasonography is the primary diagnostic tool for bilateral hydroureteronephrosis. It can reveal renal pelvis dilation before symptoms appear, allowing for the detection of underlying causes such as obstructions or urinary tract infections.
What symptoms indicate the presence of hydroureteronephrosis?
Symptoms may include flank pain, a persistent feeling of fullness, frequent urination, and urinary retention. In severe cases, it may lead to kidney failure, characterized by nausea, edema, and fatigue.
What treatment options are available for hydroureteronephrosis?
Treatment options depend on the underlying cause. Common approaches include surgical interventions like transurethral resection for prostatic hypertrophy or urethral reconstruction for strictures. Conservative management may include catheterization or medications to alleviate symptoms.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Bilateral Hydroureteronephrosis with Trabeculated Bladder”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Wall:
The wall refers to the anatomical structure of the urinary bladder, which can undergo thickening and trabeculation due to chronic obstruction or irritation. This structural change impacts bladder function and can indicate underlying pathologies, making it significant in the evaluation and treatment of urinary disorders.
2) Study (Studying):
The study encompasses research into bilateral hydroureteronephrosis and associated urinary tract abnormalities. It aims to understand conditions' causes, symptoms, and outcomes, contributing to the overall knowledge in urology. Findings can improve diagnostic accuracy and treatment protocols for affected patients.
3) Table:
In the context of medical literature, a table is used to present data, demographics, or outcomes clearly and systematically. It facilitates quick reference and comparison among various parameters, aiding in the comprehension of complex clinical findings regarding diseases like hydronephrosis.
4) Male:
The term male in this context highlights the prevalence of certain urinary conditions, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia and bladder neck obstruction, particularly among older men. Understanding gender differences in incidence rates can aid in targeted screening and treatment strategies in urology.
5) Pain:
Pain is a crucial symptom in diagnosing urinary conditions, including hydroureteronephrosis. It may manifest as abdominal discomfort or flank pain and varies based on the underlying cause and severity of the obstruction. Its presence often prompts further evaluation and management.
6) Indian:
Indian refers to the cultural, geographical, and ethnic context of patients involved in the study. Understanding local health variations, prevalence of diseases, and healthcare access can influence clinical outcomes and research directions, particularly in urology and related fields.
7) Disease:
Disease encompasses pathological conditions that affect bodily functions, in this case, focusing on urinary tract diseases like hydronephrosis. Recognizing the spectrum of diseases helps in managing effectively and improving patient care by identifying risk factors, symptoms, and treatment options.
8) Blood:
Blood tests are essential in assessing kidney function and detecting renal impairment due to urinary obstruction. Analyzing blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels helps determine the extent of renal damage, guiding appropriate therapeutic interventions for conditions like hydronephrosis.
9) Relative:
Relative refers to the comparison of health statistics or case studies with broader data sets or within specific populations. Establishing relativity helps contextualize findings and reinforce the significance of identified trends or outcomes in medical research.
10) Science (Scientific):
Science denotes the systematic study and application of knowledge, particularly in understanding human physiology, disease mechanisms, and treatment modalities in the medical field. The scientific method is foundational in advancing medical research, leading to evidence-based practices in healthcare.
11) India:
India is significant for understanding the epidemiology of urinary tract diseases within its diverse population. Socioeconomic factors, healthcare access, and cultural practices in India can influence disease prevalence, health-seeking behaviors, and ultimately, health outcomes among individuals.
12) Sign:
Sign refers to objective findings observed during clinical assessments, such as ultrasound findings in hydronephrosis. Signs provide critical diagnostic information necessary for differentiating between conditions and guiding treatment decisions, thus affecting patient management.
13) Young men (Young man):
Young men are a demographic group where certain urinary tract conditions, like bladder neck obstruction, can be prevalent. Identifying this group allows for focused research to understand specific risk factors and appropriate treatment strategies tailored to their needs.
14) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. In this context, it highlights the importance of understanding urinary conditions, leading to improved treatment protocols and patient outcomes in urological healthcare.
15) Burning (Burn, Burned, Burnt):
Burning sensation during urination is a common symptom of urinary tract infections and other urological disorders. Its recognition is vital for prompt evaluation and appropriate treatment to prevent further complications, such as recurrent infections or urinary obstructions.
16) Dodiya:
Dodiya refers to a researcher or contributor in the case report, demonstrating the collaborative effort in medical research. The inclusion of various authors signifies the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in understanding complex medical conditions.
17) Kumar:
Kumar represents one of the authors of the study and reflects the contribution of local expertise in understanding regional health issues. Collaborations among professionals enhance the quality and credibility of research findings in urology.
18) Kadam:
Kadam underscores the involvement of another contributor in the medical research, suggesting the importance of multiple perspectives and areas of expertise. This collaboration may lead to a more comprehensive understanding of the issues addressed in the study.
19) Shami (Sami):
Sami is another contributing author, which emphasizes the value of teamwork in research projects. Collaborative efforts ensure diverse insights into the complexities of medical conditions, ultimately enhancing the quality of the research outcomes.
20) Naya:
Naya, as a contributing author, reflects the collective effort in conducting the study. Author contributions signify the necessity of teamwork in advancing knowledge and proposing new therapeutic approaches in urology and related fields.
21) Sah:
Shah represents a collaborator in the research, which illustrates the importance of diverse input in exploring complex urinary conditions. Contributions from various professionals lead to a more robust and comprehensive analysis of medical issues.
22) Wolf:
Wolf's mention underscores the collaborative nature of medical research and the significance of various professional insights in addressing health-related questions. Cooperation among different researchers fosters advancements in healthcare practices.
23) Pur:
Poor conditions can refer to socioeconomic factors affecting health outcomes. It highlights the disparities faced by certain populations, impacting their access to healthcare and ultimately influencing the prevalence and management of urinary disorders.
24) Life:
Life refers to the biological functioning of individuals, encompassing health and disease processes. Understanding how urinary conditions affect life quality and longevity is critical in healthcare to ensure better management and intervention strategies.
25) Arrangement:
Arrangement denotes the structural organization of the urinary system, especially concerning bladder and urethra dynamics. Understanding anatomical arrangements is crucial for diagnosing and treating urological conditions effectively, facilitating better healthcare outcomes.
26) Discussion:
Discussion in research entails the interpretation of findings, comparison with existing literature, and exploration of implications. It provides a platform for critical analysis, fostering knowledge advancement and informing future research directions in urology.
27) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibiotic refers to medications used to treat bacterial infections, commonly relevant in managing urinary tract infections that can lead to complications such as hydronephrosis. Understanding the proper use of antibiotics is crucial for preventing antibiotic resistance and ensuring effective patient treatment.
28) Swelling:
Swelling often indicates the presence of an underlying issue, such as hydronephrosis, caused by urinary obstruction. Recognizing and addressing any swelling in the renal or urinary tract is essential for proper diagnosis and intervention.
29) Incision:
Incision refers to surgical procedures that may be needed to address obstructive conditions in the urinary tract. Understanding the types of incisions and their implications is crucial for successful surgical outcomes and recovery.
30) Sindhu (Simdhu):
Sindhu's reference in the context illustrates the collaborative nature of medical research contributions. The involvement of multiple healthcare professionals can enrich research quality and expand perspectives on health issues under investigation.
31) Kerala:
Kerala denotes a specific geographic and cultural context affecting healthcare practices. Understanding regional health issues, including the prevalence of certain urological conditions, is vital for tailoring effective interventions in public health.
32) Cancer:
Cancer represents a serious threat to health and is significant in discussions of urological diseases. It is crucial to understand how cancer can influence the urinary tract and become a cause of complications like hydronephrosis.
33) Nausea:
Nausea may accompany renal failure or other severe urinary conditions. Understanding the related symptoms is essential for diagnosing the underlying issues, ensuring appropriate interventions are undertaken to alleviate patient suffering.
34) Repair:
Repair in the context of urology often refers to corrective surgical procedures to address anatomical abnormalities or obstructions. Understanding surgical repair methods and their outcomes is crucial for effective management of urological conditions.
35) Amala:
Amala pertains to the institution involved in the research, representing the collaboration between educational and healthcare institutions for advancing medical knowledge. The partnership between medical schools and hospitals fosters research and training in various medical fields.
36) Death:
Death in medical studies often serves as a critical endpoint for evaluating the efficacy of treatments or understanding the progression of diseases. Analyzing mortality rates can lead to insights that inform medical interventions and improve patient outcomes.
37) Gold (Golden):
Gold signifies a standard or benchmark in medical practices, often referring to evidence-based treatments and guidelines in urology. Understanding gold-standard practices is crucial for ensuring the best possible outcomes in patient care.
38) Post:
Post refers to the period following a medical intervention, emphasizing the importance of follow-up care and monitoring after treatment. Assessing post-operative outcomes is essential for improving healthcare practices and ensuring patient safety.
Other Health Sciences Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Bilateral Hydroureteronephrosis with Trabeculated Bladder’. Further sources in the context of Health Sciences might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Pregnancy, Primary cause, Urinary obstruction, Abdominal pain, Urinary bladder, Dysuria, Indian population, Micturition, Abdominal discomfort, Urinary system, Clinical condition, Case report, Urinary tract, Haematuria, Clinical Practice, Ultrasonography, Multiple cysts, Acute onset, Uterine fibroid, BPH, Voiding dysfunction, Urinary retention, Obstructive uropathy, Urinary tract infection, Renal function, Renal tubules, Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms, Bladder Outflow Obstruction, Histopathological examination, Retrospective Analysis, Renal failure, Collagen deposition, Ovarian cyst, Urinary infection, Frequency of Micturition, Urethral stricture, Renal calculus, Radiographic evidence, Prostatic hyperplasia, Bladder outlet obstruction, Hydronephrosis, Chronic onset, Renal pelvis, Diagnostic test, Urological symptoms, Urinary frequency, Voiding symptoms, Dilated Ureters, Lower Urinary Tract, Loss of function, Abdominal ultrasonography, Benign prostatic hypertrophy, Kidney Failure, Cortical thickness, Alpha blocker, Blood analysis, Renal cyst, Renal damage, Young adult, Neurogenic bladder, Chronic pyelonephritis, Differential diagnoses, Bilateral hydroureteronephrosis, Urinary tract obstruction, Abdominal ultrasound, Uroflowmetry, Anatomical configuration, Giant hydronephrosis, Diagnostic Modalities, Urethral orifice, Renal tubular atrophy, Detrusor hypertrophy, Bladder neck, Chronic inflammatory infiltrate, Contrast-enhanced CT, Retroperitoneal tumours, Renal parenchyma, Hydroureteronephrosis, Pregnancy-induced hydronephrosis, Trabeculated bladder, Primary bladder neck obstruction, Intra-abdominal mass, Successful surgical modality, Chronic interstitial pyelonephritis, Vesicoureteric reflux, Intermittent catheterisation, Interstitial fibrosis, Obstructive nephropathy, Blood vessel, Urinary tract symptom, Eosinophilic material, Urine flow, Surgical units, Renal cortex, Transitional epithelium, Renal function impairment, Pelviureteric junction obstruction, Hydronephrotic kidney, Ventricular bladder, Detrusor muscle fibres, Periglomerular fibrosis, Hyalinised glomerulus, Thyroidsation of renal tubules, Voiding cystourethrogram, Videourodynamic testing, Completely hyalinised, Amorphous eosinophilic material, Thickened hyalinised vessel walls, Hypertrophied muscular wall, Pathophysiological findings, High-pressure chronic retention, High voiding detrusor pressure, Persistently high pressure, Bilateral hydronephrosis, Detrosor hypertrophy, Connective tissue collagen impregnation, Bladder neck obstruction, Build-up of back pressure, Atrophy of the renal cortex, Intravenous pyelogram, Non-calculus hydronephrosis, Third to eighth decades of life, Detrusor smooth muscle, Classroom dissection, Hydronephrosis cases, Poor socioeconomic background, Antemortem medical history, Adult approach, 24 cases, Nephro-Urol Mon, Right kidney, Left kidney, Lower abdomen, Pelviureteric junction, Urinary flow, Ureteral obstruction, Mesenteric cyst, Ureteric stricture, Prostatic hypertrophy, Posterior urethral valves, Bladder carcinoma, Childbearing females, Cervix and ovary, Vesicourethral junction obstruction, Dissection hall cadaver, Indian cadaver, Bilateral hydroureters, Ureteral orifices, PUJ obstruction, Vesicoureteral reflex, Retroperitoneal mass, Urodynamic testing, Retroperitoneal haematoma, Hepatobiliary cysts, Cystic renal tumours, Renal pyramids, Renal calyces, Prostatic portion, Urinary intermittency, Surgical modality, Primary obstruction, VUR, Chronic voiding dysfunction, Obstructive uroflow, Anterior wall, Glomerular hyalinisation, Bladder neck dysfunction, Hypertrophied bladder, Poor flow rate, Increased intravesical pressure, Back pressure, Renal cortex atrophy, Attenuated epithelium, Kidney shows, BPH or carcinoma, Storage symptoms, Urine hesitancy, Bladder neck incision, Bladder stones, Ureteric orifices, Primary PUJ obstruction, Balloon dilation, Non-calculus aetiologies, Renal swelling, Glomerular fibrosis, Ureteral reimplantation, Renal neoplasms, Urethral spasms, Urethral diverticula, Interureteric distance, Uretero-urethral distance, Primary anastomosis, Gynaecological neoplasms, Urinary hesitancy, Ureteric orifice, Trabeculated urinary bladder, Hydronephrosis with hypertrophied, High voiding detrusor, Giant hydronephrosis cases, Poorly functioning surgical units, Hydroureteronephrosis with hypertrophied bladder, Abdominal ultrasound investigation, Eosinophilic material deposition, Bilateral giant hydronephrosis, Retrograde pressure, Primary bladder neck.