Dietary Nutrient Intake in Iranian Mustard Poisoning Patients vs. Healthy

| Posted in: Science

Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: Comparison of Dietary Macro and Micro Nutrient Intake between Iranian Patients with Long-term Complications of Sulphur Mustard Poisoning and Healthy Subjects
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
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Original source:

This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.

Author:

Mahdi Balali -MOOD, Marzie ZILAEE, Majid Ghayour -MOBARHAN, Mohammad Sobhan SHEIKH-ANDALIBI, Hossein MOHADES-ARDABILI, Hamideh DEHGHANI, Gordon FERNS


The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:

(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)

Full text available for: Comparison of Dietary Macro and Micro Nutrient Intake between Iranian Patients with Long-term Complications of Sulphur Mustard Poisoning and Healthy Subjects

Year: 2014

Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0


Download the PDF file of the original publication


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Sulfur mustard (SM), a chemical warfare agent, has had lasting impacts on the health of those exposed, particularly Iranian veterans who suffered disabilities during the Iran-Iraq war (1983–1988). This study focused on examining the dietary intake of veterans with long-term complications from SM exposure compared to a control group of healthy individuals. The research utilized a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess both macro- and micronutrient intake and revealed significant disparities in dietary habits between the two groups.

Nutritional Deficiencies in SM Poisoning Survivors

The findings of the study highlighted concerning trends in nutrient intake among the veterans. They reported significantly lower intakes of essential nutrients, including selenium and carbohydrates, while their consumption of trans-fatty acids and iodine was notably higher. The veterans' dietary intake patterns indicated a propensity towards high cholesterol levels, which may exacerbate the risk of cardiovascular diseases—an issue that aligns with existing literature on the nutritional challenges faced by physically disabled individuals. These altered dietary habits reflect a broader concern of inadequate nutrient intake potentially contributing to secondary health issues among this population.

Conclusion

The long-term effects of sulfur mustard poisoning are not limited to immediate physical health impairments but extend into significant nutritional deficiencies that can further complicate the health of affected veterans. The results indicate an urgent need for tailored dietary advice and interventions aimed at improving the nutrition of those impacted by chemical warfare. Enhancements in dietary habits, alongside increased physical activity, are recommended to reduce the heightened risk of chronic diseases, thereby improving the overall quality of life for veterans facing these ongoing health challenges. Further research with larger and more diverse samples is necessary to validate these findings and refine dietary recommendations for this vulnerable population.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What was the aim of the study on sulfur mustard (SM) poisoning?

The study aimed to investigate the dietary intake differences between patients with long-term complications of sulfur mustard poisoning and a control group of healthy individuals.

What were the significant dietary findings from the study?

Patients with SM poisoning had lower intakes of nutrients like selenium and carbohydrates, while intakes of trans-fatty acids and iodine were significantly higher compared to the healthy control group.

What were the reported complications from sulfur mustard poisoning?

Long-term complications included respiratory issues, effects on the skin, eyes, and increased risk of chronic diseases, affecting the overall health and quality of life of the patients.

What dietary recommendations were suggested for patients with SM poisoning?

Recommendations include reducing dietary saturated fat, increasing whole grains and polysaccharides, and enhancing physical activity to improve metabolic health and reduce risk factors for chronic diseases.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Dietary Nutrient Intake in Iranian Mustard Poisoning Patients vs. Healthy”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Table:
Table refers to a systematic arrangement of data, often in rows and columns, allowing for efficient comparison and analysis. In the context of research, tables present findings clearly, making it easier to digest complex information. They support the report's conclusions by visually encapsulating critical data for readers.

2) Mustard:
Mustard, particularly in reference to sulfur mustard, is a chemical warfare agent that has been researched for its severe health impacts. Understanding its effects is crucial for public health, especially for veterans affected by chemical exposure. This research highlights the long-term consequences of such toxic agents on human health.

3) Mud:
Mood generally describes a temporary state of mind or feeling. In the context of mental health, mood can be influenced by dietary intake and nutritional status. The psychiatric well-being of individuals, especially those with disabilities, can be significantly affected by their nutritional habits, reinforcing the need for proper dietary management.

4) Study (Studying):
Study encompasses the systematic examination or analysis of a particular subject, often through research and experimentation. In the context of health, studies produce valuable data on various factors affecting individuals' well-being, contributing to evidence-based practices for managing health disorders, nutrition, and rehabilitation.

5) Disease:
Disease refers to a pathological condition affecting bodily functions, often caused by infections, genetics, or environmental factors. The study of diseases, particularly chronic diseases related to poor nutrition or chemical exposure, is vital for developing prevention strategies and improving the overall health of affected populations.

6) Food:
Food relates to substances consumed for nutritional support, vital for health and well-being. The quality and type of food individuals consume can influence their health outcomes significantly. Dietary patterns often reflect an individual's socioeconomic status and can impact overall health, mental well-being, and susceptibility to diseases.

7) Diet:
Diet pertains to the habitual nourishment patterns and food choices of an individual or population. It plays a crucial role in maintaining health and preventing chronic diseases. Understanding dietary habits is essential for tailoring interventions aimed at improving health outcomes, especially for individuals with physical disabilities.

8) Toxicology:
Toxicology is the scientific study of the adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms. It is critical in assessing the risks associated with toxic substances, like sulfur mustard. Toxicological studies aid in understanding how exposure affects human health, helping to inform regulatory standards and safety guidelines.

9) Activity:
Activity denotes bodily movement or exertion. Physical activity is crucial for maintaining health and preventing chronic conditions, particularly in individuals with disabilities. The level of physical activity can directly affect body composition and cardiovascular health, emphasizing the need for promoting exercise among specified health populations.

10) Rules:
Rules refer to prescribed directions or standards governing behavior or processes. In research, rules ensure proper methodological approaches are followed for reliable results. Regulations in health contexts guide best practices in treatment and nutrition, ultimately impacting patient outcomes and healthcare delivery.

11) Blood:
Blood serves as a vital fluid in the body, responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, and waste. Blood Health indicators, such as lipid levels and glucose, reflect a person's nutritional status and overall health. Monitoring these levels is essential for diagnosing and managing various health conditions.

12) Measurement:
Measurement pertains to the quantification of physical properties and conditions, essential for scientific inquiry. In healthcare and nutrition, accurate measurement of dietary intake, body metrics, and biochemical markers is necessary for assessing health status, researching effectiveness, and implementing interventions to improve patient care.

13) Male:
Male refers to the sex that typically produces small, mobile gametes called sperm. Research focusing on male populations, particularly regarding health issues and disabilities, helps address specific needs and disparities in treatment approaches. Understanding male health trends is crucial for developing targeted health promotion strategies.

14) Pharmacology:
Pharmacology is the branch of medicine focused on drugs, including their composition, effects, and use in treating diseases. It is vital for understanding how pharmaceutical agents can mitigate the effects of chemical exposures, including those related to mustard gas toxicity, guiding effective treatment protocols for affected individuals.

15) Quality:
Quality denotes the standard of something regarding its effectiveness and value. In healthcare, quality is paramount for patient outcomes, emphasizing the need for high quality in nutrition, healthcare services, and interventions aimed at enhancing patients' health and quality of life.

16) Science (Scientific):
Science encompasses systematic knowledge gained through study and experimentation. It forms the foundation for understanding health and nutrition, guiding evidence-based practices. Scientific research drives advancements in medical treatments and dietary recommendations, ensuring that interventions are effective and grounded in robust findings.

17) Life:
Life pertains to the condition that distinguishes living organisms from inorganic matter, encompassing physical, mental, and social well-being. Quality of life is a critical component of health research, with a focus on enhancing the living conditions of individuals affected by disabilities or chronic health issues.

18) Education:
Education refers to the process of imparting knowledge or skills, fundamental for informed decision-making. In the context of health, education plays a pivotal role in equipping individuals with the knowledge necessary to make healthier dietary choices and understand their health conditions and treatment options.

19) Mineral:
Minerals are inorganic nutrients essential for numerous bodily functions, impacting overall health and well-being. Adequate mineral intake is crucial, particularly for individuals with disabilities, to prevent deficiencies that can exacerbate health problems. Dietary assessments often measure mineral intake to evaluate nutritional status.

20) Sugar:
Sugar refers to sweet, soluble carbohydrates and is a significant energy source. High sugar intake can lead to adverse health outcomes, such as obesity and diabetes. Understanding dietary sugar consumption is vital for developing nutritional guidelines and interventions aimed at improving health in affected populations.

21) Mental health:
Mental health encompasses psychological well-being and emotional stability. It is closely linked to nutrition, with evidence suggesting that dietary patterns can significantly influence mental health outcomes. Nutritional deficiencies may contribute to mood disorders, highlighting the importance of dietary considerations in mental health management.

22) Fortification:
Fortification refers to the practice of enhancing food with essential nutrients to prevent deficiencies. This practice is particularly important in populations at risk of inadequate nutrient intake, such as veterans with health challenges. Fortification efforts can improve overall nutrition and health outcomes in targeted groups.

23) Malnutrition:
Malnutrition denotes a condition resulting from an unbalanced diet lacking nutrients required for health. It is a significant public health concern, particularly in vulnerable populations, leading to various health complications. Addressing malnutrition requires tailored dietary interventions and education to ensure adequate nutrient intake and improve health status.

24) Reliability:
Reliability refers to the consistency and dependability of a measurement or assessment tool. In research, reliable data is crucial for valid conclusions. Ensuring the reliability of dietary assessments promotes confidence in findings related to nutritional status, guiding effective interventions and recommendations.

25) Discussion:
Discussion in research refers to the interpretation and analysis of findings. It provides context to data, explaining its significance and implications for practice. The discussion section often addresses limitations, future research directions, and practical applications of findings, contributing to the scientific understanding of the topic.

26) Cancer:
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by abnormal cell growth. Research links dietary factors and chronic conditions to cancer risk. Understanding the relationship between nutrition and cancer is essential for prevention strategies, particularly for individuals with disabilities, who may have different dietary needs and risks.

27) Glass:
Glass refers to a transparent material commonly used in laboratory settings for containment and analysis of samples. Glassware ensures safety and sterility in handling biological and chemical substances, which is important in research, particularly for accurate and reliable experimental results.

28) Honey:
Honey is a natural sweetener produced by bees, known for its potential health benefits. It contains antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, making it a preferable sugar alternative in some diets. Additionally, it may have properties beneficial for individuals with specific health issues, contributing to dietary diversity.

29) Death:
Death denotes the cessation of life and is the ultimate consequence of many health issues. In public health research, understanding the factors contributing to mortality, particularly among vulnerable populations like veterans, helps guide preventive strategies and improve overall health outcomes and quality of life.

30) Meat:
Meat refers to the flesh of animals used as food, providing essential proteins and nutrients. Its consumption and associated health risks, such as heart disease, are pivotal subjects in nutrition research. Balancing meat intake with plant-based foods is important for maintaining a healthy diet.

31) Hand:
Hand often symbolizes labor and manual tasks; in health contexts, it relates to the importance of physical activity and dexterity. Rehabilitation programs emphasize hand function for improving quality of life, particularly in individuals with disabilities, reflecting the need for comprehensive care.

32) Post:
Post typically refers to situations or elements that follow an event. In research, post-intervention assessments measure the effectiveness of treatments or dietary changes. Assessing post-study health outcomes aids in understanding the impact of interventions on populations, informing future health strategies and programs.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Dietary Nutrient Intake in Iranian Mustard Poisoning Patients vs. Healthy’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Medical treatment, Chronic disease, Physical activity, Clinical examination, Control group, Body composition, Healthy subjects, Statistical test, Socio-economic status, Nutritional deficiencies, Dietary Intake, Lipid profile, Cross-sectional study, Cardiovascular disease, Dietary advice, Clinical toxicology, Physical Inactivity, Fasting blood glucose, Significantly higher, Respiratory tract, Health Complications, Anthropometric measurement, Long term complication, Comorbidities, Recommended dietary allowance, Nutrient intake, Biochemical parameter, Spinal cord injury, Blood sample, Sulfur mustard, Chemical exposure, Chemical warfare, Nutritional intake, Biochemical Measurement, Food frequency questionnaire, Respiratory complications, Disability percentage, Independent sample T-test, Oral and written consent, Sulfur mustard poisoning.

Concepts being referred in other categories, contexts and sources.

Physical disabilities.

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