Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma: A Case Report
Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma: A Case Report
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
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Dang Vu Nguyen, Ahmad Sobri Muda, Yazmin Yaacob
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:
(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)
Full text available for: Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma: A Case Report
Year: 2013
Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MC) is a rare yet aggressive form of chondrosarcoma, characterized by poor prognosis and complex treatment options. It primarily affects young adults, particularly those aged 15 to 35, and accounts for less than 1% of all sarcomas. MC can occur in both skeletal and extraskeletal tissues, with distinct presentations depending on its location. Although surgical excision remains the cornerstone of treatment, additional strategies such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy have not produced convincing results regarding their efficacy. This paper presents a case of anterior skull base MC with intracranial involvement, highlighting both the clinical and imaging characteristics that aid in diagnosis and management planning.
Importance of Comprehensive Imaging
Accurate imaging is critical in the diagnosis and management of MC, as it provides vital information about the extent and nature of the tumor. Contrast-enhanced CT and MRI are essential tools, capable of revealing features such as the tumor's lobulated appearance, calcification, and its invasion into adjacent anatomical structures. In this case, imaging demonstrated a heterogeneously enhancing mass affecting multiple bones and extending into cranial regions. These imaging modalities not only facilitate the diagnosis but also guide the surgical approach by delineating the tumor's boundaries and vascularity. Angioembolization has been suggested as a preoperative measure to control intraoperative bleeding due to the tumor's high vascularity, although this particular patient did not undergo such intervention before surgery.
Conclusion
Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, with its peculiarities and aggressive nature, poses significant challenges for diagnosis and treatment. The interplay between surgical intervention, imaging techniques, and the potential for adjuvant therapies like radiotherapy and chemotherapy remains essential for improving patient outcomes. The case discussed underscores the necessity for vigilance regarding recurrence and management of complications associated with MC, including the potential for significant blood loss during surgery. Overall, the prognosis remains guarded, with ongoing research needed to define the most effective treatment paradigms.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is mesenchymal chondrosarcoma and its prognosis?
Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is a rare and aggressive tumor, often occurring in young adults, with a poor prognosis. Its treatment primarily involves radical surgical excision, with additional options like chemotherapy and radiotherapy showing inconclusive efficacy.
What are the common symptoms of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma?
Symptoms can vary based on tumor location but often include swelling, vision loss, and neurological issues such as cranial nerve palsies, especially when affecting the skull base or surrounding tissues.
How is mesenchymal chondrosarcoma diagnosed?
Diagnosis typically involves imaging techniques such as contrast-enhanced CT and MRI, which reveal the tumor characteristics, followed by histopathological examination through biopsy to confirm the diagnosis.
What is the treatment approach for mesenchymal chondrosarcoma?
The primary treatment is surgical excision of the tumor. Adjuvant therapies, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, may be considered, particularly when complete resection is not feasible, although their effectiveness remains debated.
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