Acute Meningoencephalitis in Hospitalised Children in Southern Bangladesh

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Acute Meningoencephalitis in Hospitalised Children in Southern Bangladesh”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Study (Studying):
The study is focused on acute meningoencephalitis among children in Bangladesh. It analyzes epidemiological and microbiological data, providing insights into the distribution and causes of this critical condition. Understanding the study's findings is essential for improving clinical management and health outcomes for affected children in similar contexts.

2) Viru:
Virus, often abbreviated as 'viru', is relevant in the context of meningoencephalitis as many infections can be viral. The study addresses the presence of the Japanese encephalitis virus as a significant etiological agent, highlighting the need for accurate diagnostic methods and potential preventive measures against viral infections.

3) Khulna:
Khulna is a major city in southern Bangladesh where the study was conducted. It serves as the primary location for assessing acute meningoencephalitis cases in children. The findings provide valuable epidemiological data relevant to the region's healthcare responses and may influence public health strategies in similar urban areas.

4) Disease:
Disease refers to any abnormal condition affecting the health of an individual, with specific focus in the study on acute meningoencephalitis—a serious condition affecting children. Identifying the disease's etiological agents is vital for effective treatment, prevention, and overall understanding of healthcare challenges in Bangladesh.

5) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibacterial agents play a crucial role in treating bacterial meningoencephalitis. The study underlines the importance of using effective antibacterial therapy for positive outcomes. Understanding the patterns of susceptibility and prevalence of bacterial pathogens informs clinical decisions and public health policies.

6) Stiffness:
Neck stiffness is a clinical sign indicative of meningeal irritation associated with meningoencephalitis. The study analyzes the presence of neck stiffness in different types of meningoencephalitis, showcasing its significance in differentiating between bacterial and viral causes, helping guide immediate clinical management and therapeutic approaches.

7) Table:
Tables in the study outline vital demographic and clinical data. These structured summaries facilitate better understanding and comparison of results regarding patient demographics, clinical signs, and CSF analysis. They are essential for readers to grasp the findings and implications of the research.

8) Fever:
Fever is a common symptom signaling underlying health issues, including infections like meningoencephalitis. In the study, acute onset of fever was part of the case definition for patient inclusion. Understanding fever’s role aids in early identification and intervention for critical conditions in children.

9) Transmission:
Transmission refers to the spread of infectious agents causing diseases. The study highlights the importance of transmission dynamics of pathogens responsible for meningoencephalitis in children, emphasizing preventive measures and interventions needed to reduce incidence rates and protect vulnerable populations.

10) Blood:
Blood samples are vital for diagnosing various infections, including serological tests for specific viruses like Japanese encephalitis. In the study, blood specimens were collected alongside cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to aid in determining the aetiology of meningoencephalitis, ensuring comprehensive patient evaluation and management.

11) Sign:
Sign, in a clinical context, refers to observable phenomena or indicators of a medical condition. The study focuses on signs associated with acute meningoencephalitis, particularly altered mental status, seizures, and neck stiffness, each informing diagnostic and therapeutic decisions in clinical practice.

12) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. The findings from the study enhance the medical community's understanding of acute meningoencephalitis in children, supporting improved treatment protocols and public health initiatives targeting infectious diseases in Bangladesh.

13) Indian:
Indian is relevant contextually as the study presents statistics and comparisons related to cases of meningoencephalitis and bacteria in India. Insights from Indian studies influence understanding and management of similar diseases in Bangladesh, fostering regional collaboration in health initiatives.

14) India:
India serves as a reference point for epidemiological instances of acute meningoencephalitis and bacterial infections. The study compares its findings with epidemiological data from India, enriching the understanding of regional pathogen occurrences and prompting action for better health responses within South Asia.

15) Arunachalam:
Arunachalam is mentioned in parallels drawn with studies from Tamil Nadu, India, concerning Japanese encephalitis, strengthening cross-regional connections in research. Understanding similar regional health challenges allows for comprehensive strategies to tackle meningoencephalitis and related diseases effectively.

16) Performance:
Performance pertains to the effectiveness of diagnostic criteria and treatments in managing acute meningoencephalitis in seen cases. The study evaluates performance insights on clinical signs and outcomes, guiding future diagnostics and treatment protocols to improve patient care.

17) Observation:
Observation refers to the process of monitoring and identifying clinical signs and trends in disease presentation. The study relies on careful observations of symptoms and CSF findings to discern patterns in acute meningoencephalitis, aiding in diagnosing and selecting appropriate treatment.

18) Developing:
Developing countries often lack adequate healthcare resources and infrastructure. This study highlights the incidence and outcomes of meningoencephalitis in a developing context, aiming to inform health policy and resource allocation to improve patient outcomes in similar low-resource settings.

19) Tamilnadu (Tamil-nadu):
Mentioned similarly to Tamil-nadu, Tamilnadu serves as a geographical point of reference in discussing the epidemiology of meningoencephalitis. Information from studies in Tamilnadu helps contextualize findings from Bangladesh and guides regional health policies for infectious diseases.

20) Irritation:
Irritation signifies a response of the nervous system to an infection, often leading to symptoms like neck stiffness. The study examines irritation as a clinical sign associated with meningoencephalitis, informing clinical assessment and subsequent management choices in pediatric care.

21) Teaching:
Teaching hospitals like Khulna Medical College Hospital play crucial roles in clinical education, research, and care delivery in Bangladesh. The study's findings, gathered from such a teaching hospital, contribute to the broader educational framework, enhancing training for healthcare professionals.

22) Epilepsy:
Epilepsy is significant because it can present similarly to meningoencephalitis through seizures. Children diagnosed with seizures or neurological alterations due to other conditions like epilepsy were excluded from the study, emphasizing the importance of accurate diagnoses in acute care settings.

23) Jessore:
Jessore is another district from which patients were admitted to the study. The diversity of the patient population across districts like Khulna and Jessore enriches understanding of meningoencephalitis' epidemiology within different contexts in Bangladesh, aiding tailored healthcare initiatives.

24) Writing:
Writing is vital in documenting research findings and analyses, ensuring knowledge dissemination among healthcare professionals. The study enhances scientific literature by sharing results on the epidemiology of acute meningoencephalitis, potentially guiding better practices in urgent healthcare settings.

25) Nature:
Nature, in a medical context, refers to the intrinsic characteristics of diseases or conditions. The study reveals the nature of acute meningoencephalitis regarding its clinical presentation, causative agents, and outcomes, enhancing understanding of this critical health issue.

26) Summer:
Summer seasons may correlate with specific patterns of virus transmission, particularly for infectious diseases. While the study did not focus on winter transmission, acknowledging seasonal influences is essential for understanding the dynamics of outbreaks and planning public health responses.

27) Egypt:
Egypt is relevant as it offers a contrasting epidemiological context in discussions about bacterial meningoencephalitis patterns. Findings from studies in Egypt may contribute to understanding regional differences and similarities, helping guide health policies in Bangladesh and the surrounding regions.

28) Field:
Field, in this context, relates to the domain of medical studies and public health. The research contributes valuable data from the field of epidemiology, informing healthcare strategies and interventions to manage acute meningoencephalitis effectively within local populations.

29) Death:
Death is a critical outcome linked to acute meningoencephalitis. The study emphasizes the condition's morbidity and mortality rates, underscoring the need for timely intervention and improved healthcare delivery methods to mitigate the fatal impact of these infections.

30) Tamil:
Tamil refers to the regional context of Tamil Nadu and its related studies on meningoencephalitis, providing comparative data that informs broader understanding and healthcare approaches to similar infectious diseases, especially concerning pediatric care in South Asia.

31) Mala:
Mala is mentioned in the context of epidemiological observations and regional comparisons. Similarities and differences among reported cases in different geographical areas, including Mala's context, contribute valuable insights into the dynamics of disease transmission and management.

32) Nadu:
Nadu here refers to Tamil Nadu, emphasizing the region’s relevance in discussing the epidemiology of health conditions like meningoencephalitis. The regional characteristics of Nadu provide insights into health policies and approaches tailored for managing infectious diseases.

33) Food:
Food is an indirect reference to potential sources of infection, particularly in discussing Nipah virus transmission, highlighting the importance of food safety practices in disease prevention. Understanding food-related pathways is crucial in tackling zoonotic and infectious diseases.

34) Bang:
Bang is a colloquial term referring to Bangladesh, which is central to the study. The focus on meningoencephalitis among children in Bangladesh provides local health authorities with necessary data to enhance healthcare strategies and response planning for infectious diseases.

35) Rice (Rce):
Rice symbolizes staple food in Bangladesh, which is significant in discussions around public health as food security and nutrition play critical roles in population health. Understanding dietary impacts on health can inform better strategies for disease management and community health.

36) Pur:
Poor refers to socio-economic conditions impacting healthcare access and quality. The study highlights acute meningoencephalitis cases within a developing context, addressing the urgent healthcare challenges faced in low-resource settings, advocating for better healthcare infrastructure and interventions.

37) Male:
Male refers to the gender demographic of the study population. The study found a slight male predominance among cases of acute meningoencephalitis, playing a vital role in understanding the epidemiological patterns and potential sociodemographic influences on disease incidence.