Utilization of Dental General Anaesthesia for Children
Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: Utilization of Dental General Anaesthesia for Children
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
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Original source:
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Zarina Abdul Karim, Normaizura Musa, Siti Noor Fazliah Mohd Noor
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:
(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)
Full text available for: Utilization of Dental General Anaesthesia for Children
Year: 2008
Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
This study investigates the types of dental treatments performed under general anesthesia (GA) for pediatric patients at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) from 2003 to 2007. Given the prevalence of medical and behavioral issues among patients under 18, GA is often deemed necessary to facilitate pain-free and stress-free dental care. Data was collected through a retrospective review of 349 cases, focusing on reasons for GA and specific treatments provided. The results reveal significant trends in dental treatment patterns, indicating the necessity of GA in managing complex dental cases for children, particularly those with rampant caries and underlying medical conditions.
Treatment Patterns and Findings
One pivotal finding from the study is the distinction in treatment patterns between deciduous and permanent dentition. For deciduous teeth, the predominant treatment was extraction (97.8%), while for permanent teeth, restorative procedures were more prevalent (24.3%). Most restorations were performed using Glass Ionomer Cements (47.5%). The study also noted that the majority of pediatric patients (77.1%) presented with rampant caries, often combined with behavioral problems (34.4%). Surgical treatments, including biopsies, were necessary for a minority of cases (24.1%). These findings signal a critical connection between dental health management and the implementation of general anesthesia, underscoring its role in treating high-risk pediatric patients effectively.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the use of general anesthesia plays an essential role in enabling comprehensive and high-quality dental care for children, particularly those with special needs or medical complications. The study highlights the challenges faced in providing dental treatments under GA and suggests areas for further research, such as the inclusion of dental disease indices (deft or DMFT) and the socioeconomic status of patients. By elucidating the demographics and treatment patterns associated with pediatric patients requiring dental care under GA, the findings serve as a foundation for improving future practices and services, ensuring better outcomes in pediatric dentistry across Malaysia.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What was the objective of the study on dental treatment under GA?
The study aimed to identify the types of dental treatments performed under general anesthesia at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, focusing on children and adolescents due to medical conditions or behavioral issues.
What percentage of patients had medical problems treated under GA?
Out of 349 cases, 43.6% of patients had medical problems that necessitated dental treatment under general anesthesia, highlighting the importance of providing comprehensive care in a hospital setting.
What types of treatments were performed under general anesthesia?
The treatments included extractions, restorations, and surgeries, with a predominance of extractions in deciduous teeth and restorations in permanent teeth. Glass ionomer cements were the most commonly used material for restorations.
What demographic was primarily treated under general anesthesia in the study?
The majority of the patients treated were Malay children, with a median age of 6 years. Many had rampant caries, underlying medical issues, or behavioral problems that affected their ability to cooperate during dental procedures.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Utilization of Dental General Anaesthesia for Children”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Study (Studying):
The 'Study' refers to the research conducted to identify types of dental treatment performed under general anaesthesia in children at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. The study analyzed the medical records of patients to understand the prevalence of procedures and their correlation with medical and behavioral issues, thus contributing to pediatric dental care knowledge.
2) Disease:
In this context, 'Disease' signifies the dental conditions faced by the pediatric patients, particularly rampant caries highlighted in the study. It underscores the importance of understanding dental diseases as a pivotal reason for patients needing treatment under general anaesthesia, especially for those with significant oral health challenges.
3) Reason:
'Reason' denotes the factors prompting patients to undergo dental treatment under general anaesthesia. The study identified medical and behavioral issues as major reasons, emphasizing the need to address both physical ailments and psychological barriers that prevent children from receiving necessary dental care comfortably and effectively.
4) Table:
The 'Table' refers to the organized presentation of data within the study, showcasing statistical results concerning demographics, treatment types, and prevalence of medical conditions. Tables are vital for summarizing complex data visually, aiding in the interpretation and communication of research findings to healthcare professionals.
5) Quality:
'Quality' pertains to the standard of dental care provided, particularly the effectiveness of treatments delivered under general anaesthesia. The study emphasizes the role of general anaesthesia in improving treatment outcomes, allowing for better moisture control, thorough treatment execution, and a higher overall quality of dental procedures.
6) Glass:
'Glass' in this instance relates to Glass Ionomer Cements, a commonly used restorative material in the dental treatments analyzed. This material is highlighted for its properties, including biocompatibility and fluoride release, making it suitable for restoring teeth in pediatric patients, particularly those needing multiple restorations.
7) Fear:
'Fear' indicates a significant psychological barrier affecting children's willingness and ability to cooperate during dental procedures. The study explores how fear, alongside other behavioral problems, necessitates the use of general anaesthesia to manage treatment effectively, allowing children to undergo necessary dental work without anxiety.
8) Pain (Paiṇ):
'Pain' refers to the discomfort associated with dental procedures, which can be particularly challenging for children. The management of pain is crucial in pediatric dentistry, as inadequate pain control may negatively influence treatment outcomes; thus, general anaesthesia is often employed to ensure a pain-free experience during extensive procedures.
9) Bleeding:
'Bleeding' addresses potential complications associated with dental treatments, especially in medically compromised patients. The study indirectly touches on the need for careful consideration of a patient's health status, including bleeding disorders, as these can significantly impact treatment decisions and necessitate advanced planning for procedures under general anaesthesia.
10) Anxiety:
'Anxiety' highlights another psychological factor influencing the necessity of general anaesthesia in pediatric dental care. The study notes that anxiety can lead to uncooperative behavior in young patients, which ultimately affects the feasibility of performing essential treatments without the use of general anaesthesia to facilitate a calm, controlled environment.
11) Pharmacological:
'Pharmacological' relates to the use of medications to manage behavior and pain in pediatric dentistry. In the context of this study, pharmacological methods are explored as a means to ensure safety and comfort during dental procedures, particularly when considering the anxieties and medical conditions of young patients.
12) Knowledge:
'Knowledge' signifies the understanding gained through the study regarding the prevalence of dental issues and treatment patterns. This information is important for improving dental care services and guides practitioners in making informed decisions about treatment, especially when considering special needs and medical complications in pediatric patients.
13) Teaching:
'Teaching' reflects the educational aspect of dental care, particularly in training future dentists at institutions like the School of Dental Sciences. Understanding the necessity and methods of general anaesthesia for treating pediatric patients is a valuable component of pedagogical curriculums in dental education.
14) Science (Scientific):
'Science' refers to the systematic study, identification, and application of knowledge in dental healthcare practices. The study contributes to the scientific understanding of pediatric dentistry, particularly regarding general anaesthesia applications, helping to bridge research with clinical practice for better patient outcomes.
15) Post:
'Post' hints at postoperative considerations in dental treatment. The study discusses the importance of patient monitoring following procedures done under general anaesthesia, emphasizing careful assessments to ensure that children recover adequately and that planned follow-up visits are carried out effectively.
16) Performance:
'Performance' denotes the efficacy and safety of dental treatments conducted under anaesthesia. This concept is central to evaluating outcome measures in pediatric dentistry, with the study aiming to reflect how general anaesthesia can enhance procedural outcomes and overall patient experience in treating dental diseases.
17) Attending:
'Attending' refers to the healthcare professionals involved in the treatment process, particularly those responsible for overseeing patients undergoing procedures under general anaesthesia. The study underscores the importance of qualified practitioners to ensure safe and effective dental care in a hospital setting, enhancing patient confidence.
18) Composite:
'Composite' pertains to composite restorations, a common restorative material used in dental procedures. The study analyzed various types of restorations and their application in treating pediatric patients, shedding light on the materials used to effectively manage dental caries and other conditions in infants and children.
19) Learning:
'Learning' encapsulates the ongoing process of gaining insights into pediatric dental care, especially regarding the necessity for general anaesthesia. The study aims to educate practitioners about treatment modalities that better cater to children with complex dental needs and psychological challenges.
20) Family:
'Family' highlights the role of parents and guardians in the dental treatment context. The study emphasizes the need to inform and guide families about proposed treatments under general anaesthesia, ensuring they are comfortable with procedures and aware of postoperative care requirements.
21) Repair:
'Repair' relates to dental procedures conducted to restore damaged teeth, including fillings and crowns. In the context of the study, it signifies the various restorative treatments provided to pediatric patients under general anaesthesia, underscoring the importance of maintaining oral health in children's overall well-being.
22) Indian:
'Indian' represents one of the ethnic groups mentioned within the study context, reflecting the demographic composition of patients who underwent dental treatments. This highlights the need for culturally sensitive practices in dental care as understanding patient backgrounds can influence treatment approaches.
23) Bharu (Bhāru):
'Bharu' refers to Kota Bharu, suggesting a geographical context for the healthcare services discussed. The study examines the dental needs of children in specific regions like Kota Bharu, emphasizing the importance of localized research in understanding and addressing public health challenges.
24) Mason (Māson):
'Mason' could relate to authors or stakeholders within the study or context of dental research. It highlights collaboration within the healthcare community that drives research and improves clinical practices to enhance the quality of care provided to pediatric patients.
25) India:
'India' mentions a geographical reference, potentially indicating comparative studies or collaboration in pediatric dental research. Understanding practices in different regions can inform better methods and strategies tailored to diverse populations' needs in pediatric dental care.
26) Malik (Mālik):
'Malik' could signify a researcher or professional within the dental health field. This highlights the collaborative aspect of medical research and the importance of various contributors who enhance the study of pediatric dental care under general anaesthesia.
27) Doubt:
'Doubt' refers to uncertainties surrounding treatment methods, particularly regarding family consent for procedures under general anaesthesia. Addressing such doubts is crucial for ensuring that families are informed and comfortable with treatment plans, thus facilitating better cooperation and outcomes.
28) Blood:
'Blood' connects to medical assessments carried out before anaesthesia, especially for patients with bleeding disorders. Proper assessment and planning are essential in ensuring the safety of procedures undertaken under general anaesthesia in pediatric dentistry.
29) Kota (Koṭa):
'Kota' refers to the city context of the services discussed, specifically relating to the hospital's location for the study. Understanding the demographic and geographical context helps in tailoring dental services and research to effectively address the population's needs.
30) Para (Parā, Pāra, Pārā, Párá, Paṟa):
'Para' could indicate a category or grouping within study parameters, providing insights into classifications of patients or conditions. It emphasizes the need for categorization in research to develop targeted strategies in pediatric dental interventions.
31) Male (Mālē):
'Male' refers to the gender designation of patients in the study. The observation of male and female proportions contributes to understanding demographic trends within pediatric dental care, guiding interventions tailored to specific groups.
32) Life:
'Life' encompasses the broader implications of dental health on children's overall well-being. The study reflects the reality that effective dental treatment under general anaesthesia enhances the quality of life for children experiencing dental distress or having special needs.
33) Pur (Pūr):
'Poor' signifies the challenges faced by some families regarding access to adequate dental care. This includes financial or social barriers that might prevent children from receiving timely treatments under general anaesthesia, necessitating further investigation into equitable healthcare access.
Other Health Sciences Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Utilization of Dental General Anaesthesia for Children’. Further sources in the context of Health Sciences might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Extraction, Child patients, Surgical treatment, Restoration, Treatment plan, Surgical case, Medical condition, Socioeconomic status, Medical diagnosis, Restorative treatment, Study population, Dental care, Chi square test, Systematic Review, Surgical Procedure, Comprehensive care, Number of subjects, General anesthesia, Oral health care, Stainless steel crown, Primary teeth, Dental anxiety, Hospital stay, Preschool children, Paediatric Dentistry, Deciduous Teeth, Congenital heart disease, Medical problem, Hospital ward, Quality of care, General anaesthesia, Median age, Past medical history, Cost analysis, Pharmacological Management, Patient cooperation, American Society of Anesthesiologist, Dental disease, Extraction of teeth, Dental Fear, Dental Treatment, Surgical biopsy, Teaching Hospital, Patient referral, Pre operative assessment, Post-operative monitoring, Quality of life measures, Restorative material, Permanent teeth, Syndromic features, Permanent dentition, Retrospective data collection, Developmental disorder, Behavioural problems, Medically compromised patient, Deciduous dentition, Dental procedure, Cleft lip and palate, Glass ionomer cement, Treatment demands, Special need, Behavior problem, Waiting list, Parental satisfaction, Paediatric dental, Behaviour problem.