KAP on Tobacco Smoking Among School Children in Kota Bharu, Malaysia
Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Towards Tobacco Smoking Among School Children in Kota Bharu, Malaysia
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
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AR Mazidah, MH Zabidi Azhar, BS Quah, IY Faris, MZ Hafiezi
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:
(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)
Full text available for: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Towards Tobacco Smoking Among School Children in Kota Bharu, Malaysia
Year: 2000
Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The increasing trend of early smoking initiation among school children poses significant public health concerns, particularly given that many smokers begin before the age of 18. To address this, school-based programs aimed at preventing tobacco use have proven to be effective strategies for reducing smoking among young people. Before implementing such programs, it is crucial to conduct pilot studies to assess the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) regarding smoking among school children in specific communities. A study was conducted focusing on primary and secondary school students in a rural area, evaluating their understanding and attitudes towards tobacco smoking.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) Assessment
The KAP assessment involved 187 primary and 174 secondary school students, primarily of Malay ethnicity. Results indicated that primary school children had an average knowledge score of 11.0 (SD 1.8), whereas secondary school students scored higher with an average of 41.5 (SD 4.7). Attitude scores also differed, with primary students averaging 3.7 (SD 4.0) and secondary students 63.8 (SD 8.0). The practice score, reflecting engagement in smoking-related behavior, was notably concerning for primary students, who averaged 6.7 (SD 8.0). These findings suggest that while knowledge and attitudes improve with age, a significant number of children still maintain poor knowledge regarding the dangers of smoking, reinforcing the necessity for targeted educational interventions.
Conclusion
The study's findings illustrate that there remains a substantial proportion of children lacking adequate knowledge, positive attitudes, and healthy practices concerning smoking. The data highlights the urgent need for school-based prevention programs to enhance awareness and combat tobacco use among schoolchildren. With evidence indicating that educational interventions can positively influence KAP scores, this study advocates for the prioritization of such programs in schools to ultimately reduce the prevalence of smoking initiation among the youth in the community.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the KAP towards smoking among school children?
The Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) study revealed that many school children have poor knowledge, negative attitudes, and inappropriate practices regarding smoking, indicating the need for school-based preventive education.
What is the incidence of postpartum depression in rural women?
The study found that 9.8% of rural Malay women experienced postpartum depression, linked to low income, marital issues, and not breastfeeding.
How did the study measure cardiovascular disease risk factors?
The study screened 1,003 adults for cardiovascular disease risk factors including obesity, hypertension, smoking, and others, and subsequently intervened with an educational package for those identified at risk.
What are the main thyroid disorders found in Mongolia?
Thyroid disorders significantly affect the population, particularly Graves' disease, with the highest occurrence among young women aged 30-34, indicating a substantial endemic issue in the region.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “KAP on Tobacco Smoking Among School Children in Kota Bharu, Malaysia”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Science (Scientific):
Scientific relates to a methodical approach grounded in research. The studies reflect adherence to scientific rigor, reinforcing the crucial role of evidence-based practice in addressing health challenges and informing policy.
2) Food:
Food plays a crucial role in health and nutrition, influencing various conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. The studies discussed highlight the significance of dietary choices and interventions in improving public health outcomes, as well as the impact of food sources on diseases.
3) Study (Studying):
A study refers to a systematic investigation into a specific topic, often to establish facts or principles. The articles summarized showcase multiple studies aimed at understanding health issues, disease patterns, and the effectiveness of prevention and intervention strategies, reflecting a commitment to advancing medical knowledge.
4) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses the science of diagnosing, treating, and preventing illnesses. The abstracts illustrate various aspects of medicine, focusing on research related to disease management, therapeutic interventions, and the importance of education in promoting better health outcomes within communities.
5) Putra:
Putra refers to Universiti Putra Malaysia, a prominent institution known for its research and educational programs. The role of this university in advancing health and food science through research and academic contributions underscores its significance in producing knowledge that impacts public health policy.
6) Disease:
Disease denotes disorders that affect normal bodily functions, often requiring medical intervention. The articles examine various diseases and their risk factors, highlighting the need for early detection, understanding disease patterns, and effective prevention strategies to improve public health outcomes.
7) Education:
Education is essential for enhancing knowledge and awareness about health issues. The studies emphasize the importance of educational programs in schools and communities to inform individuals about the risks of smoking, dietary choices, and health behaviors that can lead to improved health outcomes.
8) Quality:
Quality refers to the standard of care and services provided in healthcare and education. The context of the studies reflects the importance of maintaining high-quality health interventions and educational initiatives to ensure effective disease prevention and health promotion in communities.
9) Thalassemia:
Thalassemia is a genetic blood disorder impacting hemoglobin production. The abstracts indicate ongoing research to identify thalassemia variants and implement prenatal screening, demonstrating the necessity of understanding and preventing genetic disorders through informed public health strategies.
10) Depression:
Depression is a significant mental health disorder impacting individuals' emotional and physical well-being. The summarized study on postpartum depression underscores the need for awareness, screening, and support services to address mental health issues, especially among vulnerable populations like new mothers.
11) Knowledge:
Knowledge represents the information and understanding gained through education and research. The studies highlight the gap in knowledge regarding smoking, disease management, and nutrition among various populations, emphasizing the importance of improving knowledge for better health outcomes.
12) Field:
Field refers to a specialized area of study or professional practice. In the summaries, it relates to various fields like medicine, biotechnology, and public health, showcasing interdisciplinary approaches to addressing health challenges and disease prevention effectively.
13) Diet:
Diet pertains to the food and drink choices that affect health. The studies evaluate dietary impacts on diseases, such as cardiovascular risks and diabetes management, highlighting the importance of nutrition education in promoting healthier lifestyles.
14) Post:
Post signifies a timeframe after a specific event, often used in medical contexts to describe conditions following childbirth or other significant health events. The studies address postpartum conditions and the importance of follow-up care in improving health outcomes.
15) Veterinary medicine:
Veterinary medicine focuses on the health care of animals. In the context of public health, it underscores the significance of veterinary practices in controlling animal diseases that could impact human health, thereby reflecting on the interconnection between human and animal health.
16) Transmission:
Transmission refers to the spread of diseases or pathogens. The papers discuss disease transmission dynamics and prevention strategies, particularly in foodborne illnesses and infectious diseases, emphasizing the importance of understanding transmission to implement effective public health interventions.
17) Performance:
Performance often relates to the effectiveness of health interventions or educational programs. The studies examine the performance of various health strategies in preventing diseases, highlighting the need for continuous evaluation and improvement to achieve desired public health outcomes.
18) Mahendra (Māhendra, Mahemdra, Maha-indra):
Mahendra refers to a contributor's name in the research studies. It signifies the collaborative efforts of researchers in advancing knowledge in their respective fields, ensuring that various perspectives and expertise contribute to comprehensive health research.
19) Rich (Ṛch):
Rich conveys the idea of abundant resources or qualities, particularly in discussions of nutritional content or dietary habits. The articles highlight the importance of rich sources of nutrients to promote health and prevent diseases, maintaining overall well-being.
20) Training:
Training involves the education and practice aimed at enhancing skills and knowledge. The studies emphasize the significance of training healthcare providers and community members to improve health interventions, disease prevention, and overall public health literacy.
21) Reason:
Reason refers to the underlying factors contributing to health behaviors and decisions. The studies explore reasons for noncompliance with health interventions and the importance of understanding these reasons to design effective public health strategies.
22) Animal:
Animal refers to non-human living organisms and is often discussed in veterinary contexts. The connection between animal health and public health is highlighted in the studies, emphasizing the importance of monitoring zoonoses and potential health risks stemming from animal populations.
23) Bharu (Bhāru):
Bharu is associated with Kota Bharu, the location of research in the studies. It reflects the geographical relevance of the studies, focusing on localized health issues and the implications of regional health policies in addressing community-specific challenges.
24) Samat:
Samat refers to a researcher contributing to the studies featured. Collaborative research efforts among scholars help produce impactful findings that influence health practice and policy, advancing the field of public health.
25) Death:
Death signifies the cessation of life, often used in discussions surrounding mortality rates associated with diseases. The relevance in the studies is in understanding risk factors and mortality to improve health interventions aimed at reducing preventable deaths.
26) Kota (Koṭa):
Kota refers to urban areas, indicative of demographic studies in city populations. This factor is important for understanding health dynamics, resource allocation, and healthcare accessibility in urban settings versus rural areas.
27) Sah:
Shah, as a contributor's name, represents the collaborative nature of research efforts. The studies benefit from diverse expertise, which aids in comprehensive responses to health-related challenges within various populations.
28) Life:
Life denotes the condition of being alive. The articles address how health interventions seek to enhance quality of life, prevent diseases, and promote longevity through proactive healthcare measures and education.
29) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological relates to drug actions and effects in treating diseases. The studies evaluate various pharmacological approaches within the scope of medical research, emphasizing the importance of understanding drug mechanisms in advancing therapies.
30) Radiotherapy:
Radiotherapy is a treatment method using radiation to eliminate cancer cells. The context in the studies includes discussions of dosimetry and the importance of accurate methodologies to ensure effective cancer treatments and patient safety.
31) Measurement:
Measurement refers to quantifying results in research and healthcare. The precision in measurements is fundamental for reliable data, thereby informing practices and interventions to ensure the effectiveness of public health strategies.
32) Inference:
Inference entails deriving conclusions based on data analysis. The studies leverage inferential statistics to understand trends and relationships in health data, guiding decisions and interventions in public healthcare.
33) Pregnant:
Pregnant refers to the biological state of carrying a developing fetus. The context emphasizes the importance of prenatal care and screenings, particularly in mitigating health risks like postpartum depression and genetic disorders.
34) Kalyana (Kalyāṇa, Kalyāna):
Kalyana refers to a researcher, highlighting the collaborative nature of scientific work. The contributions from diverse scholars foster comprehensive understanding and innovation in addressing health-related issues across different populations.
35) Surface:
Surface pertains to the area of interaction between substances, often relevant in radiation and dosimetry contexts. The studies emphasize correct measurements at the surface level for effective therapeutic outcomes in radiotherapy.
36) Mahmud (Maḥmūd):
Mahmud denotes a contributor's name, showcasing the team effort involved in research initiatives. Collaborative work fosters diverse perspectives, enabling richer insights and enhanced solutions to public health issues.
37) Nature:
Nature signifies the innate characteristics or conditions of living organisms and ecosystems. The studies discussed consider environmental and biological factors influencing health, thereby reinforcing the interconnectedness of health and ecological systems.
38) Medium:
Medium refers to the means or methods used for communication or dissemination of information. In research studies, varying mediums are utilized to convey health messages effectively and ensure community engagement with health initiatives.
39) Sugar:
Sugar represents dietary components that can affect health, particularly in the context of obesity and diabetes. The studies highlight the impact of sugar consumption on health outcomes, emphasizing the need for dietary education and alterations.
40) Birth:
Birth indicates the arrival of a newborn and is significant in discussions about maternal and neonatal health. The studies focus on the health outcomes following birth, particularly regarding postpartum conditions that affect mothers.
41) Blood:
Blood serves as a critical component of human physiology, essential for various functions. The studies explore blood-related conditions such as thalassemia and evaluate the implications of blood health in preventative medicine.
42) Raja (Rāja, Rājā):
Raja refers to an associated geographical region, specifically relating to the community's health contexts. The location highlights the importance of understanding local health challenges and resource needs to implement effective health interventions.
43) Muda (Mudā, Muḍa):
Muda can denote a demographic characteristic, particularly relating to a younger population segment. The relevance of age in health studies speaks to tailored interventions that address the specific needs of different age groups within communities.
44) Male (Mālē):
Male indicates the gender-specific focus in some health studies, emphasizing differences in disease prevalence, health behaviors, and outcomes between genders. Understanding these disparities is crucial for developing targeted health interventions.
45) Wall:
Wall may refer to physical or figurative barriers in healthcare access and education. The studies may highlight the need to break down these walls to improve health literacy and access within communities.
46) Line:
Line indicates a series or continuum, possibly referring to health lineage, genetic disorders, or hospital lines of treatment. Understanding these lines aids in comprehending familial health issues and developing preventive measures.
47) Salt (Salty):
Salt represents dietary elements that can impact cardiovascular health. The studies emphasize the importance of monitoring salt intake to prevent hypertension and other related diseases, thus promoting healthier eating practices.
48) Pur (Pūr):
Poor signifies the socioeconomic status that may influence health outcomes. The studies highlight how poor health literacy and access can lead to adverse health conditions, underscoring the need for targeted interventions and support.
Other Health Sciences Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘KAP on Tobacco Smoking Among School Children in Kota Bharu, Malaysia’. Further sources in the context of Health Sciences might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
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