Detection of HPV in Vulvo-Vaginal Warts via In Situ Hybridization
Journal name: The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Original article title: Detection of Human Papillomavirus Using in Situ Hybridization Technique in Vulvo-Vaginal Warts
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published online at least six times a year. It covers all aspects of medical sciences and prioritizes high-quality research.
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Original source:
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M.A. Siti-Aishah, I. Isahak, D. Sabil, F. Sahlan, H. Md. Tahir, A.A. Yahya
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences:
(A peer-reviewed, open-access journal)
Full text available for: Detection of Human Papillomavirus Using in Situ Hybridization Technique in Vulvo-Vaginal Warts
Year: 2000
Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most prevalent viral sexually transmitted infection, with numerous strains affecting individuals, leading to conditions such as genital warts or condyloma acuminata. A study conducted between January 1992 and December 1993 identified eight cases of vulvo-vaginal warts in patients who presented at the Gynaecology Clinic in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. The patients, aged between 22 and 43 years, were predominantly Malays, with cases also noted among Chinese and Indian women. Histological examination and in situ hybridization techniques were utilized to detect specific HPV DNA types, particularly HPV 6 and HPV 11.
Detection and Implications of HPV in Condyloma Acuminata
The histological examination of vulvar and vaginal lesions revealed typical condylomatous features, including papillomatosis and nuclear changes associated with viral infection. The study found that HPV 6 was present in all cases (100%), while HPV 11 was detected in 87.5% of cases. No presence of high-risk HPV types (16, 18, 31, or 33) was observed. The in situ hybridization results indicated that HPV infections could be localized to the upper layers of the squamous epithelium, specifically within koilocytic cells—a direct reflection of the histopathological effects of HPV. This reinforces existing evidence that HPV types 6 and 11 are commonly associated with the development of genital warts, highlighting the clinical relevance of HPV testing in patients with condyloma acuminata.
Conclusion
The findings from this study validate the association of low-risk HPV types, particularly HPV 6 and HPV 11, with vulvo-vaginal warts, contributing to the broader understanding of HPV's impact on women's reproductive health. The results align with previous research, indicating that HPV is a significant factor in the pathology of condylomata acuminata, particularly within specific populations. Further research could expand on these findings to establish more comprehensive screening and treatment protocols for HPV-related conditions, ultimately aiding in better management of HPV infections and their manifestations.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is Human papillomavirus (HPV) and its main transmission method?
HPV is the most common sexually transmitted viral infection, often transmitted through sexual activity. It can present as genital warts, such as condyloma acuminata.
How do researchers identify HPV in tissue samples?
Researchers use in situ hybridization (ISH) techniques with biotinylated probes targeting specific HPV types. This method helps to identify and localize HPV-infected cells in tissue sections.
What HPV types were found in the study's vulvo-vaginal warts?
In the study, HPV type 6 was detected in all cases (100%), while type 11 was found in 87.5%. Other types such as 16, 18, 31, and 33 were not observed.
What clinical features characterize condyloma acuminata lesions?
Condyloma acuminata lesions exhibit typical features such as papillomatosis, hyperkeratosis, and koilocytic changes in the squamous epithelium. These lesions are often associated with multiple warts in the genital area.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Detection of HPV in Vulvo-Vaginal Warts via In Situ Hybridization”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Study (Studying):
The study refers to the systematic investigation conducted to understand the presence and effects of human papillomavirus (HPV) in vulvo-vaginal warts. Clinical data and molecular biology techniques like in situ hybridization were used to assess HPV types, contributing to medical knowledge on sexually transmitted infections.
2) Disease:
Disease in this context pertains to human papillomavirus infections that manifest as genital warts or condylomata acuminata. The study highlights the clinical symptoms and pathological features associated with HPV, as well as its classification into low oncogenic risk types, which could impact patient management and public health.
3) Water:
Although not directly referenced in the study, water could symbolize the importance of maintaining moisture and hygiene in the genital area, which may influence infection rates. In a broader public health context, clean water is crucial for preventing infections and promoting general well-being among populations.
4) Table:
The table in the study captures clinical and histological data for each case, summarizing key findings for easier analysis. It lists demographic information, HPV types detected, and clinical history, providing a valuable visual reference that helps clinicians and researchers interpret the results efficiently.
5) Pregnant:
Pregnant women are mentioned as a demographic affected by HPV, with two patients in the study being pregnant. The immunological changes during pregnancy may lead to exacerbation of HPV lesions, underscoring the need for specialized care and monitoring to prevent complications for both the mother and fetus.
6) Heating:
Heating is relevant in the study's in situ hybridization process, which involves pre-warming slides for DNA probe adherence. Heating ensures optimal hybridization conditions, allowing for accurate localization of HPV DNA, thereby enhancing the reliability of diagnostic results from tissue samples.
7) Indian:
Indian identifies the ethnicity of some patients in the study, highlighting the demographic variability in HPV infection rates and clinical presentation. Understanding such diversity is essential for targeted public health interventions and may inform cultural factors influencing sexual health behaviors.
8) Sah:
Shah is one of the authors referenced in the study and possibly offers insights into HPV research. The mention of specific researchers underscores the collaborative nature of scientific work, where formal acknowledgment highlights contributions to understanding HPV and related diseases.
9) Viru (Vīṟu):
While not specifically highlighted, 'viru' relates to viruses, including HPV, which is the primary focus of the study. Understanding viral behavior, transmission, and pathology is crucial in controlling sexually transmitted infections and shaping treatment practices in gynecology and public health.
10) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a biological response often associated with HPV infections, where affected tissues may exhibit chronic inflammation. This condition can contribute to the development of HPV-related lesions and underlines the importance of studying pathological changes linked to persistent infections for risk assessment.
11) Observation:
Observation refers to the act of monitoring clinical conditions and pathologies in the study's patient cohort. Detailed observations during clinical examinations help in the accurate diagnosis of HPV infections, guiding treatment decisions and contributing valuable data to clinical research.
12) Epidemic:
The term epidemic refers to the widespread occurrence of HPV infections, particularly genital warts, in various populations. Recognizing HPV as a common sexually transmitted infection encourages public health initiatives aimed at prevention, vaccination programs, and educating communities to reduce transmission rates.
13) Activity:
Activity, particularly sexual activity, plays a significant role in the transmission of HPV. The study discusses the risk factors associated with HPV spread, emphasizing the importance of understanding sexual behaviors in epidemiological investigations to develop effective prevention strategies.
14) Hygiene (Hygienic):
Hygiene is critical in preventing sexually transmitted infections like HPV. The report suggests that poor perineal hygiene may increase the risk of HPV transmission, highlighting the need for education about proper hygiene practices as a public health intervention strategy.
15) Science (Scientific):
Science underlies the research methods used in the study, including histology and in situ hybridization, which facilitate understanding HPV's biological impact. The scientific approach to the investigation contributes to the body of knowledge necessary for developing effective clinical therapies and preventive measures against HPV.
16) Cancer:
Cancer is a potential outcome of high-risk HPV types, not found in this study but relevant in the broader context of HPV research. The distinction between low-risk types associated with benign warts and oncogenic types is critical in determining patient management and screening measures.
17) Gupta (Guptā):
Gupta, like Shah, represents a researcher acknowledged in the study for their contributions to understanding HPV. Their inclusion emphasizes the collaborative effort in HPV research, which draws on multiple scientific perspectives to inform clinical practices and public health interventions.
18) Glass:
Glass is related to the slides used for in situ hybridization, which are essential in the detection of HPV DNA. The careful preparation and treatment of these glass slides are important for obtaining accurate results in molecular biology studies focused on tissue samples.
19) Ratti (Rattī):
Ratti is another author cited in the study, contributing to the advancement of knowledge regarding HPV. Acknowledging contributions from multiple researchers illustrates the teamwork and interdisciplinary efforts involved in studying sexually transmitted infections in a clinical research context.
20) Chang:
Chang signifies one of the researchers noted in the study, adding credibility through their involvement in HPV research. Recognition of various scientists reflects the collaborative nature of scientific inquiry and offers a comprehensive perspective on the HPV-related findings in the study.
21) Suga (Su-ga, Sugà, Sugā):
Suga is included among the references, indicating a researcher involved in past studies related to HPV. This signifies the interconnectedness of various research works in understanding the implications of HPV and aids in building upon previous findings to advance knowledge.
22) Male (Mālē):
The mention of male patients, while limited in this study, highlights the need for a comprehensive understanding of HPV's impact across genders. HPV infections affect both males and females, and addressing male health can significantly influence public health outcomes regarding HPV transmission.
23) Casha (Cāṣa, Cāsa):
Casa, potentially tied to patient histories or broader research contexts, may relate to findings discussed in partnerships with institutions. This inclusion suggests the contribution of collaborative efforts and shared knowledge among researchers and institutions in addressing HPV-related health issues.
24) Post:
Post refers to a patient’s medical history following significant events, such as renal transplant procedures. Understanding the implications of a patient’s post-operative status is crucial as immunosuppression can increase susceptibility to HPV infections and complicate treatment outcomes.
25) Pur (Pūr):
Poor hygiene practices are identified as a risk factor for HPV transmission. The study emphasizes the need for educational outreach that targets hygiene, as improving such practices can potentially reduce the incidence of HPV infections and promote better sexual health outcomes.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Detection of HPV in Vulvo-Vaginal Warts via In Situ Hybridization’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Sexual activity, Clinical data, Chronic inflammation, Limited study, Cervical region, Sexually transmitted disease, Positive control, Negative control, Human papillomavirus, Cervical carcinoma, Genital warts, Immunosuppression, Laser ablation, Asymptomatic infection, Formalin-Fixed Tissues, Prognostic Information, DNA hybridization, Differential diagnoses, Pathological change, Squamous epithelium, Acknowledgment, Viral cytopathic effect, Histopathological features, Paraffin embedded tissue, Immunosuppressant medication, Tissue sample, Viral warts, Molecular hybridization, Positive Reaction, In situ hybridization, Multiple lesions, HPV DNA tests, Parakeratosis.