Nutmeg vs. 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash for halitosis and plaque.
Journal name: Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
Original article title: Comparative evaluation of nutmeg mouthwash and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash on halitosis and plaque control: A randomized clinical trial
The Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology (JISP) publishes original scientific articles on periodontology (the study of supporting structures of teeth) and oral implantology. It is a bimonthly open-access journal with special issues for specific occasions.
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Original source:
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Monika Vasantrao Padol, Prashanth Vishwakarma, Arun Suresh Dodamani, Anup Wamanrao Gore, Karina Shyamlal Chachlani, Shradha Pramod Kharkar
Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology:
(A bimonthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: Comparative evaluation of nutmeg mouthwash and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash on halitosis and plaque control: A randomized clinical trial
Year: 2022 | Doi: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_868
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Myristica fragrans, commonly known as nutmeg, has demonstrated various medicinal properties, including the ability to reduce plaque and oral halitosis. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a mouthwash formulated with nutmeg oil against a standard 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gluconate mouthwash in controlling halitosis and plaque in participants suffering from plaque-induced oral conditions. A double-blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted with 60 participants, divided into two groups, each utilizing their respective mouthwashes over a 21-day period while monitoring changes in plaque index and halitosis scores.
Summary of One Important Concept: Efficacy of Nutmeg Mouthwash
The results of the clinical trial indicated that both the nutmeg mouthwash and 0.2% CHX gluconate mouthwash were effective in reducing plaque and halitosis, but there was no statistically significant difference in efficacy between the two treatments. Changes in plaque scores showed percentage reductions of 12.3% and 39.2% for the nutmeg mouthwash, compared to 9.44% and 39.4% for the CHX mouthwash at different intervals. Similar results were observed in the halitosis scores, where reduction percentages were 24.7% and 54.5% for the nutmeg mouthwash, and 16.3% and 56.3% for the chlorhexidine mouthwash. Despite both mouthwashes showing effectiveness, the nutmeg mouthwash was noted for being organic, economical, and easy to use without any reported side effects throughout the trial.
Conclusion
The study concludes that nutmeg mouthwash offers a comparable alternative to 0.2% CHX gluconate mouthwash for managing plaque accumulation and halitosis. Given its organic nature and cost-effectiveness, it presents a viable option, particularly for individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds seeking effective oral care solutions. Future research should focus on larger sample sizes and the long-term implications of nutmeg mouthwash to establish its enduring efficacy and safety in dental hygiene practices.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the purpose of the nutmeg mouthwash study?
The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of nutmeg oil mouthwash with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash in reducing plaque and controlling oral halitosis over 21 days.
How were participants selected for the nutmeg mouthwash study?
Sixty participants aged 20-60, who were systemically healthy and suffered from halitosis, were randomly divided into two groups for the study.
What were the results of using nutmeg mouthwash?
The study found that nutmeg mouthwash was equally effective as chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash in reducing plaque and halitosis, with no reported side effects.
What are the main ingredients in the nutmeg mouthwash?
The nutmeg mouthwash was formulated using nutmeg oil, olive oil, glycerin, menthol, orange oil, and other emulsifying agents for effective oral care.
Is there any conflict of interest in the study?
No conflicts of interest were reported by the authors of the study.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Nutmeg vs. 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash for halitosis and plaque.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Table:
A table in research publications presents organized data regarding study outcomes, providing a clear visual representation of results, comparisons, and statistical significance. In this context, tables summarize the effectiveness of nutmeg mouthwash compared to chlorhexidine in reducing plaque and halitosis scores over time, facilitating ease of analysis.
2) Study (Studying):
A study refers to a systematic investigation aimed at discovering or explaining a phenomenon. In this text, the study assesses the efficacy of nutmeg oil as a mouthwash compared to a standard treatment (chlorhexidine), contributing to knowledge in dental hygiene and alternative medicine.
3) Hygiene (Hygienic):
Hygiene encompasses practices that maintain health and prevent disease, particularly through cleanliness. The study emphasizes oral hygiene, illustrating its importance in controlling plaque and halitosis, thus improving overall health and self-esteem. Effective oral hygiene regimens can thwart oral diseases, highlighting the need for effective mouthwash treatments.
4) Rules:
Rules provide guidelines or principles governing behavior or procedures in specific contexts. While the text might not specify rules, clinical studies often adhere to ethical and procedural guidelines to ensure data integrity and participant safety, such as obtaining informed consent and conducting randomized trials to minimize bias.
5) Life:
Life is a fundamental biological concept that refers to the condition distinguishing living beings from inorganic matter, encompassing health and well-being. In Ayurveda, as referenced in the study, the notion of life is centered on holistic health, advocating for natural remedies like nutmeg oil to enhance quality of life.
6) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine focusing on holistic health and wellness through natural remedies. The study's context relates to Ayurveda's potential benefits in dental care, exploring the effectiveness of herbal treatments such as nutmeg oil compared to modern chemical mouthwash.
7) India:
India is the birthplace of Ayurveda and other traditional medicinal practices. In the study, its relevance is highlighted through the use of indigenous herbs like nutmeg, showcasing a cultural perspective on health and the merging of traditional Indian remedies with modern scientific inquiries into their effectiveness.
8) Gold (Golden):
In this context, 'gold' refers to the gold standard, indicating the most effective treatment against which new treatments are measured. Chlorhexidine is the gold standard for plaque control in dentistry, providing a benchmark for the study's assessment of the nutmeg mouthwash's effectiveness.
9) Post:
Post signifies a period after an event or action, commonly used in studies to describe follow-up observations. In the study, 'post' is relevant for detailing procedures and assessing outcomes after the 14th and 21st days of treatment with nutmeg mouthwash versus chlorhexidine.
10) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibiotics are substances that inhibit bacterial growth or kill bacteria. While the study focuses on plaque control, it indirectly addresses the necessity of alternatives to antibiotics, particularly in the realm of herbal treatments, and their effectiveness in managing oral health without the downsides associated with antibiotics.
11) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses science and practice aimed at alleviating illness and sustaining health. The study intertwines traditional medicine, associated with Ayurveda, with modern dental practices, exploring how natural substances like nutmeg oil can serve medicinal purposes in oral care.
12) Activity:
In scientific contexts, activity often refers to the capacity of a substance to produce a certain effect. The study examines the biological activity of nutmeg oil as an antibacterial agent, comparing it clinically to chlorhexidine's established activity in plaque control.
13) Burning (Burn, Burned, Burnt):
Burning, in the context of mouthwash usage, typically refers to discomfort experienced during application. The study mentions burning mouth as a potential side effect of chlorhexidine, highlighting the need for safer alternatives, such as nutmeg mouthwash, which reportedly did not cause discomfort among participants.
14) Allergy:
Allergy refers to adverse immune responses to substances. The study acknowledges the risk of allergic reactions associated with chlorhexidine, aiming to explore natural alternatives such as nutmeg mouthwash to mitigate side effects and ensure safer oral hygiene practices for users.
15) Science (Scientific):
Science underpins systematic knowledge acquisition through observation and experimentation. The study employs scientific principles to evaluate the effects of nutmeg mouthwash against chlorhexidine mouthwash, contributing to the broader understanding of effective oral health treatments and the integration of traditional practices in modern science.
16) Indian:
Indian refers to the nationality associated with India and its culture. In this text, it signifies the cultural heritage of Ayurveda and traditional practices; emphasizing the utilization of indigenous resources like nutmeg oil, showcasing their potential in contemporary health care approaches.
17) Water:
Water is a critical component for life and often is a solvent in various formulations, including mouthwashes. In the study, water is crucial for the preparation of the nutmeg mouthwash, as it acts as a vehicle for delivering active ingredients necessary for therapeutic effects.
18) Pain:
Pain signifies a subjective experience often associated with distress or discomfort. The study mentions nutmeg oil's potential in alleviating pain, linking the findings to the broader scope of herbal treatments in managing ailments and improving the quality of life for individuals.
19) Biodegradable:
Biodegradable refers to materials capable of being decomposed by natural processes. Although the study does not extensively examine this aspect, the potential for natural-based products like nutmeg mouthwash to be environmentally friendly aligns with a growing concern for sustainability in medical and personal care products.
20) Accumulation (Accumulating, Accumulate):
Accumulation refers to the buildup of substances over time. In the dental context, plaque accumulation is a primary concern leading to halitosis. The study addresses the effectiveness of nutmeg mouthwash in reducing plaque accumulation compared to chlorhexidine, aiming to improve oral hygiene practices.
21) Inflammation:
Inflammation is the body's response to injury or infection and is a significant factor in oral diseases. This study indirectly touches on inflammation by examining plaque control methods, as effective oral hygiene may mitigate inflammation and reduce the risk of gum diseases linked to halitosis.
22) Discussion:
Discussion is a critical component of research where findings are interpreted and contextualized. It allows researchers to connect their results with existing literature, explore implications, and suggest future research directions. This section emphasizes the effectiveness of nutmeg mouthwash compared to standard treatments in maintaining oral hygiene.
23) Arimedadi:
Arimedadi refers to a specific herbal oil used in Ayurveda known for its dental care benefits. By comparing nutmeg mouthwash with existing traditional formulations like Arimedadi oil, the study aims to highlight the advantages of using natural products in maintaining oral hygiene and reducing halitosis.
24) Substance:
Substance denotes a particular kind of matter with specific properties. In the text, substances like nutmeg oil and chlorhexidine mouthwash are evaluated for their efficacy in oral hygiene, showcasing the importance of active ingredients in achieving desired health outcomes.
25) Suffering:
Suffering represents the distress caused by health conditions. In the study context, halitosis, and its implications on individuals' self-esteem and social interactions are highlighted, demonstrating the need for effective solutions that alleviate suffering through enhanced oral hygiene practices.
26) Toxicity:
Toxicity refers to the degree to which a substance can cause harm. The study emphasizes the reduced toxicity of herbal alternatives like nutmeg mouthwash compared to traditional chemical agents like chlorhexidine, addressing concerns over side effects commonly associated with long-term usage of chemical products.
27) Training:
Training refers to the process of preparing individuals to perform specific tasks, such as standardized clinical assessments in research. The study mentions the training of the primary investigator, which is crucial for ensuring reliable and valid measurements, ultimately contributing to the integrity of the research findings.
28) Bleeding:
Bleeding often indicates underlying health issues, particularly in dental health. In the context of this study, effective plaque control through mouthwashes could potentially reduce gum inflammation and bleeding, reinforcing the importance of preventative oral hygiene in maintaining overall dental health.
29) Relative:
Relative signifies a comparison or relationship to something else. In the study, it may refer to the relative effectiveness of nutmeg mouthwash compared to chlorhexidine, highlighting the importance of assessing various treatments against established benchmarks to validate new therapeutic approaches in dentistry.
30) Pregnant:
Pregnant refers to the condition of carrying developing offspring. The study sets exclusion criteria for participants, indicating that those who are pregnant were not included to avoid any risks associated with using herbal or chemical mouthwashes during this sensitive period of health and development.
31) Quality:
Quality refers to the standard or grade of something. In the context of the study, quality addresses the effectiveness and safety of oral health products. The research aims to highlight how natural mouthwashes can maintain or improve the quality of oral hygiene compared to conventional methods.
32) Disease:
Disease represents abnormal conditions affecting the body that disrupt normal functioning. This study aims to address oral diseases like halitosis through effective treatments, contributing knowledge on prevention and management, highlighting the significance of dental care in overall health.
33) Powder:
Powder refers to a finely ground substance used in various formulations. In this context, it includes ingredients like menthol and sodium benzoate used in preparing nutmeg mouthwash, emphasizing the importance of formulation components in achieving the desired mouthwash characteristics and performance.
34) Mitra:
Mitra refers to a researcher, potentially linked to a comparative study of herbal mouthwashes, shedding light on the growing body of literature supporting natural alternatives like nutmeg for dental care. This reference highlights collaborative research efforts in identifying effective oral health strategies.
35) Blood:
Blood signifies the fluid that circulates through the body, playing essential roles in health. Although not directly mentioned in the study's primary focus on oral hygiene, blood health is related to overall well-being, emphasizing the interconnectedness between oral and systemic health.
36) Tree:
Tree generally refers to a perennial plant with branches and leaves. In this context, it relates to nutmeg, which is derived from a specific tree, highlighting the importance of understanding natural resources in formulating herbal treatments for applications in oral care.
37) Pur:
Poor indicates a lack of resources or quality. In the text, reference to poor oral hygiene emphasizes the prevalence of dental issues across different socioeconomic strata, underscoring the need for accessible, effective solutions like nutmeg mouthwash to promote better oral health, particularly for lower-income populations.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Nutmeg vs. 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash for halitosis and plaque.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Ayurveda, Participants, Financial support, Statistical analysis, Shelf life, Randomized clinical trial, Plaque control, Plaque index, Chlorhexidine gluconate, Nutmeg oil, Gingivitis, Conflicts of interest, Myristica fragrans, Bioactive compound, Impact on quality of life, Side effect, Herbal mouthwash, Antiplaque agent, Double-blinded study, Participants' consent.