Minimally invasive approach for diagnosing desquamative gingivitis
Journal name: Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
Original article title: Proposal of a minimally invasive approach diagnosing desquamative gingivitis-associated diseases
The Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology (JISP) publishes original scientific articles on periodontology (the study of supporting structures of teeth) and oral implantology. It is a bimonthly open-access journal with special issues for specific occasions.
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Original source:
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Marco Túllio Brazao-Silva, Lioney Nobre Cabral, Tiago Novaes Pinheiro
Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology:
(A bimonthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: Proposal of a minimally invasive approach diagnosing desquamative gingivitis-associated diseases
Year: 2021 | Doi: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_68
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
This report introduces a minimally invasive technique aimed at collecting tissue samples for the histopathological diagnosis of desquamative gingivitis (DG). Given that DG can manifest from various nonplaque-induced gingival diseases, the conventional method of diagnosis through incisional biopsy may deter both dentists and patients due to concerns surrounding surgical procedures. The authors propose a solution through a simplified technique that leverages Nikolsky's test, allowing for easier sample collection and potentially facilitating earlier diagnosis.
Minimally Invasive Sampling Technique
The method involves applying negative pressure to the oral mucosa using a needleless plastic syringe to create a localized blister or area of desquamation, which can then be sampled for analysis. In the study, three patients underwent this technique, resulting in diagnoses of mucous pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris, and lichen planus. This approach yielded sufficient histological samples for microscopic evaluation, demonstrating advantages over traditional exfoliative cytology, as the samples maintained the architectural integrity of epithelial cells necessary for reliable diagnosis. With appropriate handling, this technique can potentially be a practical alternative to surgical biopsy.
Conclusion
The proposed minimally invasive technique represents a promising advancement in the diagnostic assessment of DG, offering simplicity, low cost, and reduced patient trauma. By facilitating easier sample collection and allowing for immediate evaluation of certain conditions like pemphigus vulgaris and mucous pemphigoid, the technique can improve patient outcomes through early intervention. While further research is needed to evaluate its sensitivity and specificity, the preliminary results suggest that this approach could enhance the capabilities of dentists and physicians in diagnosing mucosal diseases effectively without the need for more invasive procedures.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the purpose of the proposed minimally invasive technique?
The technique aims to collect tissue samples for diagnosing desquamative gingivitis, offering a less invasive alternative to traditional incisional biopsies, which may be resisted by patients and dentists.
What are the key diseases diagnosed using this technique?
The technique successfully diagnosed mucous pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris, and lichen planus in the studied cases, highlighting its capability to provide valuable histopathological insights.
How does Nikolsky's test contribute to this technique?
Nikolsky's test assesses the mucosa, promoting the formation of blisters or desquamation. The resulting tissue sample is then collected for analysis, allowing for an evaluation of the underlying tissue structure.
What advantages does this method have over traditional biopsies?
This method is minimally invasive, easy to perform, low-cost, and may provide better diagnostic material compared to exfoliative cytology, all while potentially reducing patient discomfort.
What precautions should be taken when using this technique?
It's important to accurately inform pathologists about the sample's collection. Proper handling and packaging of the tissue sample are crucial for effective microscopic evaluation and diagnosis.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Minimally invasive approach for diagnosing desquamative gingivitis”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Disease:
Disease refers to any abnormal condition affecting the body or mind, often leading to medical problems. In the context of the abstract, it specifically pertains to oral diseases like desquamative gingivitis, mucous pemphigoid, and pemphigus vulgaris, all of which manifest oral symptoms such as inflammation and ulceration.
2) Sign:
A sign is a physical indication of a condition or disease, often observable during clinical evaluations. Nikolsky's sign, for instance, is critical in diagnosing desquamative gingivitis by demonstrating how skin reacts under tension. Its identification aids in differentiating between various oral pathologies.
3) Knowledge:
Knowledge encompasses information, understanding, and skills gained through experience or education. In the dental field, it is essential for practitioners to possess knowledge about different oral diseases and their presentations to ensure accurate diagnosis and effective treatment, especially for conditions like desquamative gingivitis.
4) Table:
In the context of the document, 'table' likely refers to organized data representation which aids in reporting results, though it doesn't explicitly appear in the abstract. Tables in scientific literature often summarize findings or demonstrate relationships among variables, facilitating easier understanding and comparison of study outcomes.
5) Bleeding:
Bleeding refers to the loss of blood, which can signify underlying health issues, such as gum disease. The presence of bleeding gums is a common symptom in conditions like desquamative gingivitis, and accurate identification of this symptom can guide clinicians in determining the necessary diagnostic approach.
6) Relative:
Relative pertains to how something is understood in relation to something else. In medical diagnostics, relative prevalence of symptoms or diseases must be assessed against different conditions. This comparative approach helps practitioners prioritize conditions when diagnosing complex presentations such as desquamative gingivitis.
7) Hand:
Hand typically refers to the body part used for examination and interaction in medical contexts. Clinicians often use their hands during physical examinations, manipulating tissues to assess for conditions. The tactile feedback gained during examinations can be vital in diagnosing and understanding oral diseases.
8) Gold (Golden):
The term 'gold' in a medical context usually signifies the gold standard, which is the best benchmark against which other diagnostic methods are compared. Incisional biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing diseases like desquamative gingivitis, ensuring accurate identification of underlying conditions before treatment.
9) Arrangement:
Arrangement refers to the organization or structure of elements. In pathology, the arrangement of epithelial cells within a tissue sample can reveal important information regarding disease processes. Pathologists analyze these arrangements to differentiate between diseases like pemphigus vulgaris and mucous pemphigoid, influencing diagnosis.
10) Observation:
Observation is the act of attentively watching or monitoring something to gather information. In clinical practice, careful observation of signs and symptoms is essential for accurate diagnosis. Observations during clinical examinations directly impact subsequent actions and the selection of appropriate diagnostic techniques.
11) Discussion:
Discussion involves the exchange of ideas or information. In scientific literature, the discussion section interprets results, placing findings in context and exploring implications. This helps clinicians understand the significance of findings, how they relate to existing knowledge, and what they mean for future practice.
12) Collecting:
Collecting refers to the process of gathering samples or data for analysis. In the context of this study, collecting tissue samples is critical for diagnosing diseases like desquamative gingivitis. The method of collecting impacts the quality of diagnostic material and subsequently, the effectiveness of treatment.
13) Suffering:
Suffering pertains to the distress or pain experienced by individuals due to health conditions. In oral diseases like desquamative gingivitis, patients often endure significant suffering due to symptoms like pain and discomfort. Effective diagnosis and timely treatment can alleviate this suffering and improve patients' quality of life.
14) Cinnamon:
Cinnamon is often used in oral products and can be a potential allergen causing irritation. In the context of desquamative gingivitis, some conditions may arise from allergic reactions to substances like cinnamon, warranting a thorough patient history to identify possible irritants responsible for the symptoms.
15) Medicine:
Medicine refers to the science and practice of diagnosing and treating disease. In this report, the discussion centers around oral medicine, emphasizing the need for effective diagnosis techniques within this field, particularly for diseases like desquamative gingivitis, which require specialized knowledge and clinical skills.
16) Teaching:
Teaching is the act of imparting knowledge or skills, crucial in medical education. The report suggests the proposed technique can be a teaching tool for dental practitioners, enhancing their understanding and capability to diagnose desquamative gingivitis, thus improving overall clinical practice.
17) Glass:
Glass is often associated with laboratory materials, such as slides for microscopic examination. In histopathology, glass slides are essential for the mounting and analysis of tissue samples. Proper handling of samples on glass slides is vital for accurate microscopic evaluation in the diagnosis of oral diseases.
18) Edema (Oedema):
Edema refers to the swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in body tissue. In the context of desquamative gingivitis, edema may appear in affected gingival tissues, indicating underlying pathology. Recognizing edema during examinations can inform clinicians regarding the nature and severity of the underlying disease.
19) Line:
Line may refer to a border or demarcation within biological tissues, significant in histopathological evaluations. The line between healthy and pathological tissue could be observed during examinations, helping clinicians understand disease processes better and thereby guiding appropriate diagnostic and management strategies.
20) Pain:
Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience often associated with actual or potential tissue damage. In oral diseases, pain is a prominent symptom that significantly affects patients' quality of life. Managing pain effectively is essential for optimal patient care and influences the treatment approach.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Minimally invasive approach for diagnosing desquamative gingivitis’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Oral Examination, Microscopic evaluation, Clinical manifestation, Lichen Planus, Surgical Procedure, Patient consent form, Epidemiological data, Hematoxylin and eosin, Histopathological analysis, Autoantibodies, Epithelial Cells, Diagnostic evaluation, Pemphigus vulgaris, Tissue sample.