Efficacy of free gingival graft for keratinized tissue around implants
Journal name: Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
Original article title: Efficacy of free gingival graft in the augmentation of keratinized tissue around implants: A prospective clinical study
The Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology (JISP) publishes original scientific articles on periodontology (the study of supporting structures of teeth) and oral implantology. It is a bimonthly open-access journal with special issues for specific occasions.
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Original source:
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Abhishek Shah, Shaila Veerappa Kothiwale
Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology:
(A bimonthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: Efficacy of free gingival graft in the augmentation of keratinized tissue around implants: A prospective clinical study
Year: 2021 | Doi: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_490
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The presence of keratinized tissue (WKT) around dental implants is critical for establishing a healthy and stable interface between the implant and soft tissues, which significantly influences the long-term success of dental implants. Free gingival grafts (FGG) serve as a reliable surgical intervention to augment WKT, thereby enhancing the amount of attached gingival tissue and minimizing the risk of clinical attachment loss. The study assesses the effectiveness of FGG in improving the health of the implant/soft tissue interface.
Importance of Keratinized Tissue
The study involved 10 patients with inadequate keratinized tissue around edentulous areas where dental implants were placed. Results indicated a significant increase in WKT, from an average of 2 mm at baseline to approximately 5.2 mm at the 3-month mark, maintaining around 5 mm at 6 months, suggesting that FGG effectively increases WKT. Clinical indicators such as plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, and papillary index showed no significant changes, implying that FGG contributes to preserving the health of peri-implant tissues without introducing inflammation or other complications.
Conclusion
The application of free gingival grafts significantly improves the width of keratinized tissue surrounding dental implants, thereby enhancing peri-implant tissue health over a 6-month period. The findings underline the importance of maintaining adequate keratinized tissue to promote a stable implant/soft-tissue interface essential for the durability and success of dental implants. Future research with larger patient populations and longer follow-up durations is recommended to further evaluate the long-term benefits of FGG in augmenting keratinized tissue and ensuring peri-implant health.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the purpose of increasing keratinized tissue with a graft?
Augmenting the keratinized tissue around dental implants helps create a healthy implant/soft tissue interface, which is crucial for the long-term success of the implant and minimizes clinical attachment loss.
How was the effectiveness of free gingival graft evaluated?
The study assessed WKT at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively, measuring plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, and papillary index to evaluate the health of peri-implant tissues.
What were the main findings regarding keratinized tissue width?
The study found a statistically significant increase in the width of keratinized tissue at 3 and 6 months post-surgery, with gains recorded at both intervals showing effective graft augmentation.
What were the exclusion criteria for the study participants?
Participants with uncontrolled diabetes, coagulation disorders, allergies to graft materials, acute infections, smokers, and pregnant women were excluded to ensure consistent results and minimize complications.
What future recommendations are suggested based on the study?
Future studies are recommended to explore long-term benefits of free gingival grafts for peri-implant tissue health, emphasizing the need for larger sample sizes and extended follow-up periods.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Efficacy of free gingival graft for keratinized tissue around implants”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Table:
A table is a structured set of data that organizes information into rows and columns, making it easier to understand and compare multiple variables at once. In scientific studies, tables often summarize data such as clinical parameters or results, facilitating clear communication of findings to readers.
2) Study (Studying):
A study is a systematic investigation to establish facts or principles or to collect information on a subject. In the context of medical research, it typically refers to the examination of interventions, such as the effects of a free gingival graft on keratinized tissues, to draw conclusions that inform clinical practices.
3) Hygiene (Hygienic):
Hygiene refers to conditions or practices that promote health, especially through cleanliness. In dental studies, proper oral hygiene is crucial as it can prevent complications like plaque buildup and gum inflammation. This study emphasizes the importance of maintaining good hygiene postoperatively to ensure the success of dental implants.
4) Incision:
An incision is a surgical cut made in the skin or tissue to access underlying structures. In this study, incisions were essential for the placement of dental implants and harvesting grafts. The technique and precision of incisions impact healing and the overall success rate of dental surgical procedures.
5) Surface:
Surface refers to the outermost boundary of an object or tissue. In dental contexts, the surface of the gums is critical for assessing health. The health of the peri-implant soft tissue surface influences disease resistance, and assessing its condition can guide treatment decisions for improving patient outcomes.
6) Inflammation:
Inflammation is the body's response to injury or infection, characterized by redness, swelling, and pain. In dental and periodontal studies, inflammation around implants can indicate problems such as peri-implantitis. Understanding inflammation's role helps researchers evaluate implant health and the effectiveness of grafting techniques.
7) Rules:
Rules are the established principles governing conduct or procedures. In scientific studies, they dictate research methodology, data collection, and ethical considerations. Adhering to these rules ensures reliability and validity of findings, ensuring that implemented practices, such as surgical grafting, meet the necessary scientific standards.
8) Accumulation (Accumulating, Accumulate):
Accumulation refers to the gradual gathering or increase of substances, such as plaque on teeth. In periodontal health, excessive plaque accumulation can lead to inflammation and infection. This study addresses the importance of preventing plaque accumulation around dental implants through adequate keratinized tissue, promoting long-term implant success.
9) Harvesting (Harvest):
Harvesting refers to the process of obtaining tissue samples or grafts from a donor site. In this study, harvesting involved collecting free gingival grafts for implant augmentation. Proper harvesting techniques are critical to minimize donor site damage and ensure the quality of grafts, affecting post-surgical outcomes.
10) Bleeding:
Bleeding is the loss of blood from the circulatory system and can occur during surgical procedures. Monitoring bleeding is essential during and after dental surgeries to prevent complications. This study considers bleeding risks and management strategies, particularly in patients receiving free gingival grafts for posterior implants.
11) Relative:
Relative refers to something that is considered in relation to something else. In medical research, relative comparisons—such as examining the health benefits of keratinized tissue—allow researchers to evaluate treatment effectiveness. Understanding relative improvements helps contextualize outcomes like increased tissue width around implants over time.
12) Post:
Post typically refers to the period after a surgical procedure, particularly in medical contexts. Postoperative care is vital for ensuring healing and preventing complications. In this study, monitoring patients postoperatively for the width of keratinized tissue and health indicators is crucial for evaluating the success of interventions.
13) Discussion:
Discussion in scientific literature involves interpreting and analyzing results, placing them in the context of existing research. It is a crucial section where researchers explore implications of their findings, address limitations, and suggest further research directions, thus enhancing understanding of procedures like the use of gingival grafts.
14) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibiotics are medications used to treat bacterial infections. In postoperative care, their use can prevent infections that may compromise healing. This study mentions prescribing antibiotics like amoxicillin to patients to ensure the surgical site remains infection-free, thus promoting optimal healing and implant success.
15) Dressing:
A dressing is a sterile covering applied to a wound to protect it from infection and promote healing. In this context, a periodontal dressing is used over grafted sites after surgery. It helps maintain a moist environment necessary for graft adherence and healing, aiding in overall postoperative recovery.
16) Pregnant:
Pregnant refers to the state of carrying a developing fetus in the womb. In medical research, certain studies exclude pregnant individuals due to the potential risks of procedures or medications to the fetus. This study outlined exclusions for pregnant patients to ensure the safety of all participants.
17) Science (Scientific):
Science is the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experimentation. In the context of this study, applying scientific methodology to investigate surgical techniques ensures that the findings related to gingival grafts and implants are valid and beneficial for clinical practice.
18) Visit:
Visit refers to a scheduled appointment for medical evaluation or treatment. In this study, patient visits are critical for monitoring postoperative outcomes, such as keratinized tissue width and implant health. Regular visits allow for timely assessments and interventions, which are essential for promoting successful healing processes.
19) Blood:
Blood is the fluid that circulates through the body's cardiovascular system, delivering oxygen and nutrients. In surgical settings, blood assessments (like hemoglobin levels) are important for evaluating patient health and ensuring safety during procedures. Monitoring blood parameters is crucial for identifying potential complications during surgeries.
20) Silk:
Silk refers to a type of protein fiber that is often used in sutures for closing surgical incisions. Silk sutures provide tensile strength and flexibility, making them suitable for securing grafts in dental procedures. In this study, silk sutures were utilized for stable graft placement to promote healing.
21) Line:
Line can refer to a boundary or a guideline in medical procedures. In this study, maintaining a clear line during graft placement is important to prevent complications and ensure the success of the procedure. Lines can also denote the separation between evaluated parameters in clinical research.
22) Gold (Golden):
Gold is often used metaphorically in scientific contexts to denote something of high quality or standard. In the reviewed article, 'gold standard' indicates that free gingival grafts are recognized as the most reliable method for increasing keratinized tissue. This emphasizes their superiority in surgical practices concerning dental implants.
23) Male:
Male refers to one of the two primary biological sexes. In research studies, noting the gender of participants is essential for analyzing outcomes that may be affected by sex-related factors. This study specified gender distribution among participants to ensure a comprehensive evaluation of treatment effects across diverse demographics.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Efficacy of free gingival graft for keratinized tissue around implants’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Health status, Plaque index, Gingival index, Probing depth, Level of significance, Surgical technique, Clinical attachment loss, Dental implant, Free gingival graft, Keratinized tissue.