Reproducibility and validity of anterior implant esthetic indices: A review

| Posted in: Science

Journal name: Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
Original article title: Reproducibility and validity of anterior implant esthetic indices: A review
The Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology (JISP) publishes original scientific articles on periodontology (the study of supporting structures of teeth) and oral implantology. It is a bimonthly open-access journal with special issues for specific occasions.
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Original source:

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Author:

Gunjan Srivastava, Swagatika Panda, Saurav Panda, Subrat Kumar Padhiary, Sitansu Sekhar Das, Massimo Del Fabbro


Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology:

(A bimonthly open-access journal)

Full text available for: Reproducibility and validity of anterior implant esthetic indices: A review

Year: 2020 | Doi: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_528

Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

The field of implant dentistry has evolved, with success criteria for anterior implants shifting from mere functionality and survival to a focus on aesthetics. The objective assessment of aesthetic outcomes has become crucial, as it minimizes the subjective perception of aesthetics for both professionals and patients. Several aesthetic indices have been developed to evaluate the success of anterior single implant-supported restorations, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. This review aims to examine the reproducibility and validity of these indices, highlighting the importance of standardized assessment methods in achieving high-quality esthetic outcomes.

The Importance of Aesthetic Indices

Aesthetic indices serve as essential tools for clinicians, offering a structured approach to evaluate the key parameters contributing to aesthetic implant restorations. The review discusses multiple indices, including the Papilla Index (PI), Pink Esthetic Score (PES), and the Pink Esthetic Score/White Esthetic Score (PES/WES), among others. The finding indicates that while the PES/WES index is the most widely utilized and user-friendly, there remains a lack of consensus on the best tools for aesthetic assessment. The review highlights that the reproducibility of these indices is influenced by factors such as observer variation, the method of assessment, and the peculiarities of the indices employed, emphasizing the need for evidence-based studies to validate these tools further.

Conclusion

The review underscores the necessity of establishing a consensus on aesthetic indices for anterior single implant-supported restorations, as the current level of evidence regarding their validation remains suboptimal. Many proposed indices offer varied advantages, but all have identifiable drawbacks. Among them, the PES/WES index stands out as the most user-friendly and widely accepted option for aesthetic evaluation. Moving forward, prospective randomized controlled trials with robust methodologies are essential for determining best practices in the aesthetic assessment of implant restorations, ultimately enhancing treatment outcomes in implant dentistry.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What was the purpose of this review on dental implants?

The review aimed to narrate the reproducibility and validity of various indices that evaluate esthetic aspects in anterior single implant-supported restorations, highlighting their advantages and drawbacks.

How many studies were included in this review?

Fourteen studies were included in the review after a thorough screening of 932 titles identified during the electronic search.

What are the criteria for study inclusion in this review?

Inclusion criteria consisted of studies with at least ten patients proposing new esthetic indices or validating existing ones regarding reproducibility and validity.

What key conclusion did the review reach about esthetic indices?

The review concluded that a consensus is needed on esthetic assessment tools, suggesting the PES/WES index as the most user-friendly and popular among studies.

What is the main issue with the evidence level in the studies?

The review noted that the evidence level of studies validating esthetic indices is poor, emphasizing the need for evidence-based investigations.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Reproducibility and validity of anterior implant esthetic indices: A review”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Table:
In academic writing, a table is crucial for presenting data in an organized manner. It allows for easy comparison and analysis of information from different studies or variables. Tables can summarize complex information and help readers grasp trends, results, or relationships that would be harder to understand in prose format.

2) Study (Studying):
A study is a systematic investigation carried out to establish facts or principles. In the context of research, it refers to the process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data to draw conclusions. Studies are fundamental for advancing knowledge in various fields, including medicine and social sciences, by providing empirical evidence.

3) Nature:
Nature refers to the inherent qualities or characteristics of a subject. In scientific discourse, it often pertains to the essence of living organisms or the physical world. Understanding the nature of a phenomenon is crucial for developing theories and applications, allowing researchers to make informed hypotheses about complex systems.

4) Surface:
The surface refers to the outermost layer or boundary of an object. In various scientific contexts, understanding surface characteristics is vital for assessing properties like texture, color, and interaction with other substances. In dental research, the surface of materials influences aesthetics and functionality, impacting treatment outcomes.

5) Reliability:
Reliability indicates the consistency of a measurement or assessment tool over time and across different conditions. In research, high reliability ensures that results are replicable and trustworthy, lending credibility to findings. Reliable indices help ensure that esthetic evaluations in dental studies yield valid results.

6) Pur:
The term poor indicates something that is substandard or lacks quality. In research outcomes, a poor level of evidence suggests that conclusions may be weak or questionable. In the context of esthetic indices, indicating that the validation studies are poor emphasizes the need for improved methodologies in research.

7) Science (Scientific):
Science encompasses systematic knowledge gained through observation and experimentation. It is integral to understanding natural phenomena and developing new technologies or treatments. In dental practice, scientific research enables practitioners to base their techniques on evidence, thus improving patient care and treatment efficacy.

8) Kappa:
Kappa denotes a statistical measure of inter-rater reliability. It quantifies the agreement between different observers assessing the same phenomenon, correcting for chance agreement. In research studies, a high Kappa value signifies strong consistency among raters, crucial for validating results in esthetic evaluations and clinical assessments.

9) Rules:
Rules are prescriptions or principles governing behavior or processes in various contexts. In research, rules may refer to established protocols for conducting experiments or analyzing data. Adhering to rules ensures methodological rigor and helps maintain the integrity of findings, particularly in subjective evaluations like esthetics.

10) Discussion:
The discussion section of a research paper interprets and analyzes the results obtained. It allows authors to relate their findings to existing literature, point out implications, and suggest future research directions. A well-structured discussion enhances the understanding of how results contribute to the field's knowledge base.

11) Vaidya:
Vaidya likely refers to a contributing author of a study or their associated research findings. In academic contexts, acknowledging specific authors or researchers is crucial for crediting contributions to knowledge. This reference could also implicate the context of the study within dental esthetics.

12) Reason:
Reason denotes a cause or explanation for a particular phenomenon or outcome. In research, outlining reasons helps clarify findings and provide insights into underlying mechanisms. Understanding the reasons behind study outcomes allows practitioners to make informed decisions and enhances the validity of the research conclusions.

13) Chang:
Chang may refer to an author of a study or a pivotal research finding in the context of the discussed literature. It emphasizes the importance of individual contributions in advancing scientific understanding. Acknowledging researchers like Chang provides context within the greater discourse surrounding esthetic indices.

14) Measurement:
Measurement refers to the process of obtaining quantitative or qualitative data regarding a certain parameter or variable. It is essential for validating research findings, ensuring outcomes can be accurately assessed and compared. In dental research, precise measurement of esthetic outcomes is crucial for ensuring treatment success.

15) Language:
Language encompasses the system of communication used to convey information. In academic writing, the choice of language influences clarity, precision, and the ability to convey complex ideas. Ensuring that scientific language is accessible yet precise is essential for effective communication among researchers and practitioners.

16) Meeting:
Meeting refers to an assembly of individuals to discuss specific topics or issues. In research contexts, meetings facilitate collaboration, planning, and the sharing of ideas. They play a key role in fostering dialogues that can lead to new insights, enhancing the collective knowledge within the scientific community.

17) Account:
Account refers to a narrative or description of events, often detailing the results of an investigation or the rationale behind decisions. In research, providing a clear account of methods and findings is essential for transparency and replicability, allowing others to verify results or build upon them.

18) Sign:
Sign generally refers to an indication or symbol that conveys a message or type of information. In scientific writing, signs can represent statistical significance, trends in data, or the effectiveness of treatments. Understanding the signs in research helps inform practitioners about crucial outcomes of studies.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Reproducibility and validity of anterior implant esthetic indices: A review’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Inclusion criteria, Exclusion criteria, Study design, Evidence-based studies, Dental implant, Reproducibility and validity.

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