Comparative study of diode laser vs. electrode for dentinal hypersensitivity.

| Posted in: Science

Journal name: Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
Original article title: Comparative evaluation of use of a diode laser and electrode application with and without two dentinal tubule occluding agents in the management of dentinal hypersensitivity – A clinical study
The Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology (JISP) publishes original scientific articles on periodontology (the study of supporting structures of teeth) and oral implantology. It is a bimonthly open-access journal with special issues for specific occasions.
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Original source:

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Author:

Chitra Laxmikant Patil, Dilip Ganpat Pol, Rajesh Prabhakar Gaikwad


Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology:

(A bimonthly open-access journal)

Full text available for: Comparative evaluation of use of a diode laser and electrode application with and without two dentinal tubule occluding agents in the management of dentinal hypersensitivity – A clinical study

Year: 2020 | Doi: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_523

Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Dentinal hypersensitivity (DH) is a prevalent issue in dentistry, characterized by transient sharp pain in response to non-noxious stimuli. Current approaches for managing DH vary, including traditional agents and innovative therapies like diode lasers and electrode applications. A study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a diode laser (DL) paired with hydroxyapatite (HAP) and strontium chloride (SrCl2) against traditional electrode applications, both alone and in combination with these agents. The investigation involved 60 patients with mild cervical abrasion over three months, where outcomes were measured using verbal rating scales (VRS) and visual analog scales (VAS) to assess changes in sensitivity.

Efficacy of Diode Laser and Hydroxyapatite

The results illustrated that DL alone provided short-term relief, while its combination with HAP displayed prolonged efficacy in reducing DH. Statistically significant reductions were observed across various time intervals, particularly at the 20-minute and one-week marks post-treatment. Conversely, electrode applications, both alone and with adjunctive agents like HAP or SrCl2, yielded lesser benefits, showing only minor reductions or no significant effects at three months. The study reveals that HAP enhances the effectiveness of DL, supporting its use in clinical applications for managing DH.

Conclusion

The findings emphasize the effectiveness of combining hydroxyapatite with diode laser treatments in significantly reducing the severity of dentinal hypersensitivity, outperforming treatments with either modality used alone. In contrast, electrosurgical applications did not demonstrate significant benefits for patients. Based on the study's outcomes, further comparative research is suggested to explore the superiority of these agents and their synergistic benefits over more traditional treatment methods for DH.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is dentinal hypersensitivity and its common causes?

Dentinal hypersensitivity (DH) is a condition characterized by sharp tooth pain triggered by non-noxious stimuli, often caused by exposed dentinal tubules due to factors like cervical abrasion, gum recession, and resultant sensitivity to thermal, tactile, or chemical stimuli.

How effective are diode lasers in treating dentinal hypersensitivity?

Diode lasers have shown a significant short-term reduction in dentinal hypersensitivity. The combination of diode lasers with adjunctive agents like hydroxyapatite (HAP) results in more prolonged relief compared to using diode lasers alone.

What was the study's aim regarding alternative therapies for DH?

The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of diode lasers and electrode applications with and without adjunctive treatments like hydroxyapatite (HAP) and strontium chloride (SrCl2) in reducing dentinal hypersensitivity over a period of three months.

Did the electrode application have any significant effects on DH?

Electrode application did not show significant reduction in hypersensitivity scores. While it didn’t cause adverse effects, its efficacy in reducing DH was not favorable compared to treatments using diode lasers with desensitizing agents.

What were the findings regarding hydroxyapatite and strontium chloride?

Hydroxyapatite (HAP) significantly improved outcomes when combined with diode lasers, while strontium chloride also demonstrated a beneficial effect in reducing hypersensitivity. This suggests that both agents can enhance the effectiveness of laser treatments for DH.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Comparative study of diode laser vs. electrode for dentinal hypersensitivity.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Table:
Table serves as a visual representation of data, organizing statistical results effectively for easier comparison and interpretation. It captures complex information in an orderly manner, enhancing readers' understanding of the findings related to dentinal hypersensitivity and treatment efficacy. Researchers reference tables for clarity in presenting results across various study groups.

2) Study (Studying):
Study signifies a systematic investigation aimed at discovering new knowledge. In dental research, such as the one conducted on dentinal hypersensitivity, studies assess the effectiveness of treatments, allowing practitioners to base their practices on evidence. Each study contributes to the broader field of dental science and informs clinical decisions.

3) Powder:
Powder refers to the particulate form of substances utilized in dental treatments to manage conditions like dentinal hypersensitivity. In the context of the study, hydroxyapatite powder is relevant as a desensitizing agent. The physical properties and particle sizes of the powders impact their effectiveness in occluding dentinal tubules.

4) Pain:
Pain is a critical parameter in assessing dental conditions such as dentinal hypersensitivity. The study focuses on pain management through various treatments, revealing how interventions can alleviate discomfort transmitted through exposed dentin. Understanding pain mechanisms informs better therapeutic approaches for effective patient care.

5) Rules:
Rules encompass the established guidelines and protocols governing research methodology and ethical considerations in scientific studies. They ensure that studies are conducted rigorously, data collection is standardized, and results are valid. Following rules strengthens the credibility of research findings in the field of dentistry.

6) Firing:
Firing refers to the act of activating dental lasers during treatment procedures, such as with the diode laser used in the study. The firing parameters, such as duration and power settings, are crucial for achieving optimal results while minimizing discomfort, thus directly impacting treatment efficacy in managing hypersensitivity.

7) India:
India refers to the geographical context in which the research study was conducted. The cultural, economic, and healthcare landscape shapes the understanding of dental practices in the country. By situating this study in India, it emphasizes the need for culturally relevant and accessible dental care for its population.

8) Hema (Heman):
Hema is an abbreviation for hydroxyethyl methacrylate, a compound used in dental materials to promote bonding in restorative procedures. In the context of dentinal hypersensitivity, its presence in dentin bonding agents highlights the importance of using advanced materials to enhance patient outcomes and improve treatment efficacy.

9) Male:
Male signifies a demographic category within the study sample. The male-to-female ratio provides insights into the prevalence of dentinal hypersensitivity across genders. Understanding gender differences in dental health allows practitioners to tailor preventive and therapeutic approaches, addressing differing susceptibilities and treatment responses.

10) Transmission:
Transmission pertains to the process through which pain signals are relayed through dentin to the pulp. In understanding dentinal hypersensitivity, it’s essential to examine how stimuli, whether thermal or mechanical, evoke pain, thereby guiding the development of effective interventions to mitigate these sensations during dental treatments.

11) Reliability:
Reliability refers to the consistency of research results and the instruments used for measurement. In scientific studies, ensuring reliability boosts the authenticity and trustworthiness of findings, making it crucial for the results of this study on dentinal hypersensitivity to be reproducible and applicable in clinical practice.

12) Discussion:
Discussion is a critical section in research papers where findings are interpreted, compared with existing literature, and implications are drawn. In the study of dentinal hypersensitivity, the discussion enables researchers to link their results to broader clinical practices, examining the effectiveness of treatments and their applicability.

13) Hygiene (Hygienic):
Hygiene encompasses practices aimed at maintaining health and preventing disease, especially important in dentistry. Good oral hygiene is vital for preventing conditions like dentinal hypersensitivity. This study implies that oral care routines can impact the incidence and severity of symptoms, reinforcing the need for patient education.

14) Science (Scientific):
Science is the systematic pursuit of knowledge through observation and experimentation. In dentistry, scientific methods guide research on oral conditions such as dentinal hypersensitivity. This rigorous framework establishes a foundation for evidence-based practices, ensuring that treatments are effective and grounded in validated research.

15) Surface:
Surface refers to the external area of dentin where treatment applications occur. In managing dentinal hypersensitivity, surface interactions between the treatment agents and the dentin are critical, as they influence the effectiveness of substances used to occlude tubules and alleviate pain. Surface properties affect the efficacy of treatment delivery.

16) Debate:
Debate alludes to discussions surrounding differing opinions and strategies regarding the best management of dental conditions, including dentinal hypersensitivity. The ongoing debate about treatment efficacy highlights the need for continuous research to identify optimal solutions, thereby refining clinical practices and improving patient care outcomes.

17) Cotton:
Cotton is often used in clinical settings for isolation and absorbency during dental procedures. In the context of the study, cotton ensures a dry working field when applying treatments for dentinal hypersensitivity. Its use highlights the importance of maintaining a clean environment to enhance treatment effectiveness and patient comfort.

18) Garnet:
Garnet is a mineral that can refer to dental materials used in laser therapy. The term garnet reflects the specificity of materials utilized in technology like neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers, which are mentioned in the research on effective treatments for dentinal hypersensitivity requiring precise wavelength applications.

19) Patil:
Patil refers to one of the researchers or authors linked to the study, possibly responsible for specific findings or interpretations detailed in the research. Recognizing individual contributions in research is essential for accountability and gives credit to those whose work advanced understanding in dentinal hypersensitivity management.

20) Pulse:
Pulse is often used in dental treatments to refer to the energy output from laser devices. In the context of this study, understanding the pulse parameters of laser application is crucial for optimizing treatment efficacy for dentinal hypersensitivity, as different pulse settings can affect tissue response and pain relief.

21) Nish (Nisa, Nis, Nishe, Nisha):
Nisha refers to likely a contributing author or researcher whose work informs the context of this study. Recognizing individuals is significant in academic discourse, emphasizing contributions to research about dentinal hypersensitivity and the evaluation of treatments, thus enriching the field’s understanding.

22) Gold (Golden):
Gold is often associated with high standards, such as the 'gold standard' in research, representing ideal methodologies or outcomes. In the dental context, establishing a gold standard for managing dentinal hypersensitivity reflects an ongoing goal to develop optimal, evidence-based treatment protocols that effectively alleviate patient discomfort.

23) Sour:
Sour is a descriptor for one type of stimulus that can provoke dentinal hypersensitivity. Understanding how various tastes, including sour, affect tooth sensitivity helps elucidate triggers for patients, guiding clinicians in creating patient-specific strategies for management, prevention, and education on dentinal hypersensitivity.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Comparative study of diode laser vs. electrode for dentinal hypersensitivity.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Pain management, Methodology, Visual analog scale, Hydroxyapatite, Iontophoresis, Dentinal hypersensitivity, Diode Laser, Verbal Rating Scale, Strontium Chloride, Dentin bonding agents, Calcium compound, Tactile stimulus.

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