Regenerative potential of subepithelial grafts for periodontal defects

| Posted in: Science Health Sciences Journals

Journal name: Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
Original article title: Regenerative potential of subepithelial connective tissue graft in the treatment of periodontal infrabony defects
The Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology (JISP) publishes original scientific articles on periodontology (the study of supporting structures of teeth) and oral implantology. It is a bimonthly open-access journal with special issues for specific occasions.
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Original source:

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Author:

Srinivasa Tenkasale Siddeshappa, Shruti Bhatnagar, Vikas Diwan, Humera Parvez


Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology:

(A bimonthly open-access journal)

Full text available for: Regenerative potential of subepithelial connective tissue graft in the treatment of periodontal infrabony defects

Year: 2018 | Doi: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_312

Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

The study addresses the challenges posed by infrabony defects in periodontology, which can lead to tooth loss due to their high prevalence and progression. Various regenerative techniques have been proposed, including guided tissue regeneration, bone grafts, and biomimetic agents. A focal point of the research is the use of Subepithelial Connective Tissue Grafts (SCTGs) as autogenous membranes that exhibit osteogenic, chondrogenic, and osteoblastic activities. The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of SCTG as a barrier membrane for the treatment of periodontal infrabony defects.

Effective Application of SCTG

The research involved ten patients aged 30–45 years with chronic periodontitis, who were treated and followed up over nine months. Clinical parameters, such as probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level, showed significant improvement post-treatment. Notable findings included a reduction in probing pocket depth from a baseline of 6.30 mm to 2.80 mm after nine months, indicating effective defect resolution. The study's statistical analysis indicated that SCTG not only provided a beneficial barrier against epithelial migration but also enhanced tissue regeneration when combined with traditional bone graft material, PERIOGLAS®. This combination proved effective for achieving optimal restoration of periodontal structures.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the study substantiates the use of SCTGs as effective barrier membranes for the treatment of periodontal infrabony defects. SCTGs demonstrated the ability to promote the healing process and improve clinical outcomes without significant postoperative complications. While the results are promising for utilizing SCTGs in periodontal therapies, the study noted limitations such as the additional surgical site required for graft harvesting and the lack of comparison with control groups. Future studies are encouraged to further investigate the long-term results and sustainability of using SCTGs in periodontal regeneration.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is the purpose of using a subepithelial connective tissue graft?

The study investigates SCTG as an effective barrier membrane for treating periodontal infrabony defects, promoting regeneration of lost periodontal structures.

What were the main clinical parameters evaluated in the study?

The researchers assessed gingival index, plaque index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and gingival recession at baseline, 6 months, and 9 months.

What significant results were observed after using SCTG?

Significant clinical improvement was noted with reduced probing depth, better clinical attachment, and defect fill was statisticaaly significant after 9 months.

What are the inclusion criteria for participants in the study?

Participants needed good general health, preoperative probing pocket depth ≥5 mm, and vertical bone loss of 3 mm or more in infrabony defects.

What is the overall conclusion of the study regarding SCTG?

The study concludes that SCTG effectively serves as a barrier membrane for treating periodontal infrabony defects, enhancing both hard and soft tissue regeneration.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Regenerative potential of subepithelial grafts for periodontal defects”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Table:
A table is a systematic arrangement of data, often used to present research findings clearly. In the context of the study, tables summarize clinical parameters and their statistical analysis, allowing for easier comparison of baseline and follow-up results, helping professionals understand treatment efficacy effectively.

2) Study (Studying):
A study refers to a detailed examination or inquiry into a particular subject. In this document, the study investigates the effectiveness of subepithelial connective tissue grafts as barrier membranes for periodontal infrabony defects, contributing valuable insights to dental regenerative practices and improving patient care.

3) Relative:
The term relative is used to describe something in relation to something else. In the context of this research, it might refer to relative improvements in clinical or radiographic parameters after treatment, providing a comparison benchmark that highlights the significance of the observed results over time.

4) Hygiene (Hygienic):
Hygiene encompasses practices that promote health and prevent disease, particularly through cleanliness. In this study, maintaining proper oral hygiene is crucial for the successful outcome of periodontal treatments, as poor hygiene can lead to complications, negatively affecting the regeneration of the periodontal structure post-surgery.

5) Incision:
An incision is a surgical cut made in the skin or tissue. In the surgical procedures outlined in the study, incisions facilitate access to the periodontal defect, enabling the removal of diseased tissue and application of grafts or filling materials critical for successful regeneration.

6) Disease:
Disease is a pathological condition of a bodily part, an animal, or plant resulting from various causes. The study focuses on chronic periodontitis, a disease that causes periodontal tissue loss. Understanding its implications is vital for developing effective surgical interventions aimed at regenerative treatment.

7) Filling (Filled):
Filling refers to materials used to occupy space in a defect. In the study, PERIOGLAS® serves as a filling material in periodontal defects. Its purpose is to enhance the healing process by providing structural support, which, coupled with SCTG, aims to achieve successful tissue regeneration.

8) Surface:
Surface refers to the outer or top layer of an object or tissue. In periodontology, the root surface is critical as it serves as the interface during grafting procedures. The interaction between grafts and the root surface determines the success of regeneration in periodontal treatments.

9) Transmission:
Transmission relates to the transfer of something from one person or place to another. In the context of the study, it refers to disease transmission risks. Autogenous materials like SCTG minimize such risks compared to allogenic or synthetic materials, making them a safer choice in surgical procedures.

10) Accumulation (Accumulating, Accumulate):
Accumulation refers to the gradual gathering or increase of substances. In periodontal health, the accumulation of plaque and calculus exacerbates disease. The study emphasizes monitoring plaque accumulation to ensure patient adherence to hygiene practices, critical for the success of the healing process post-treatment.

11) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a biological response to harmful stimuli, often resulting in redness, swelling, and pain. In periodontal disease, inflammation contributes to tissue destruction. The study examines the impact of treatment on reducing inflammation, which is essential for restoring periodontal health and function.

12) Discussion:
Discussion involves the analysis and interpretation of research findings. In this paper, the discussion section evaluates the implications of results, compares them with existing literature, and highlights the significance of SCTG use for periodontal regeneration, essential for understanding and applying new therapeutic approaches.

13) Suffering:
Suffering refers to the state of undergoing pain, distress, or hardship. In the context of this study, patients suffering from chronic periodontitis experience significant quality-of-life impacts. Understanding their experiences can guide effective treatment strategies to restore health and alleviate dental-related suffering.

14) Dressing:
Dressing refers to a sterile covering applied to a wound. In periodontal surgeries, dressing protects the surgical site, enhances healing, and prevents contamination. The use of a periodontal dressing in this study underlines its role in promoting favorable outcomes after connective tissue graft placement.

15) Bleeding:
Bleeding is the loss of blood from the circulatory system. During periodontal surgery, bleeding can occur and may signify complications. The study monitors intraoperative and postoperative bleeding to assess surgical outcomes, ensuring that interventions achieve optimal hemostasis for successful recovery.

16) Pregnant:
Pregnant refers to the state of carrying or being with child. In periodontal studies, pregnant women are often excluded from trials due to potential risks associated with dental procedures. This study correctly identifies pregnancy as part of exclusion criteria, ensuring patient safety and treatment efficacy.

17) Science (Scientific):
Science refers to the systematic pursuit of knowledge regarding the natural world. This study exemplifies scientific inquiry into periodontal treatment methods, highlighting evidence-based practices intended to enhance understanding of regenerative treatment outcomes and improve patient care in dental science.

18) Nature:
Nature encompasses the physical world collectively, including plants, animals, and the environment. In dental studies, understanding the nature of biological processes, including tissue healing and regeneration, is crucial for developing effective treatment protocols aimed at enhancing periodontal health.

19) Glass:
Glass, in this context, refers to PERIOGLAS®, a bioactive glass material used in periodontal therapy. Its properties support bone regeneration. The study evaluates its effectiveness when applied in conjunction with grafting techniques, underscoring the role of innovative materials in enhancing periodontal healing.

20) Silk:
Silk refers to the natural fiber produced by silkworms, often used in sutures for surgical procedures. In this study, silk sutures are employed for suturing grafts in periodontal surgeries, emphasizing the importance of suture materials that promote healing and minimize complications.

21) Food:
Food consists of substances consumed for nutritional support. In the context of periodontal health, diet impacts oral health significantly. The study may consider patient nutrition as part of overall treatment outcomes, recognizing its role in supporting healing and maintaining periodontal health.

22) Pain:
Pain is an unpleasant sensory experience often associated with injury or illness. Management of pain during and after periodontal surgery is crucial for patient satisfaction. This study outlines pain control measures as part of postoperative care to enhance the overall treatment experience.

23) Hand:
Hand refers to the physical action taken by a surgeon or clinician during procedures. Skilled hand movements are essential in performing intricate surgical techniques, as highlighted in the study, which emphasizes the meticulous nature of periodontal surgery for successful treatment outcomes.

24) Gold (Golden):
Gold is often referenced as a standard of excellence, particularly in dentistry. While not explicitly mentioned in this study, terms like 'gold standard' can apply to comparing SCTG with other graft materials, establishing its effectiveness as a benchmark in periodontal surgical outcomes.

25) Male:
Male refers to individuals of the male sex. The study's participant demographics include both males and females, which helps ensure diverse representation in research findings, thus enhancing the applicability and relevance of outcomes across different patient populations in periodontal treatments.

Other Health Sciences Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Regenerative potential of subepithelial grafts for periodontal defects’. Further sources in the context of Health Sciences might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Local anesthesia, Informed consent, Statistical analysis, Statistically Significant, Plaque index, Gingival index, Surgical Procedure, Probing pocket depth, Clinical attachment level, Ethical approval, Gingival Recession, Suture Removal, Oral hygiene instruction, Clinical parameter, Bioactive Glass, Subepithelial connective tissue graft, Guided tissue regeneration, Radiographic parameter, Prospective analysis.

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