Periodontal manifestation of epidermolysis bullosa: Looking through the lens
Journal name: Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
Original article title: Periodontal manifestation of epidermolysis bullosa: Looking through the lens
The Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology (JISP) publishes original scientific articles on periodontology (the study of supporting structures of teeth) and oral implantology. It is a bimonthly open-access journal with special issues for specific occasions.
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Original source:
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Praveen Kudva, Rajsi Jain
Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology:
(A bimonthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: Periodontal manifestation of epidermolysis bullosa: Looking through the lens
Year: 2016 | Doi: 10.4103/0972-124X.164760
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by extreme skin and mucous membrane fragility, resulting in blister formation from minor trauma or spontaneously. It typically presents at birth or within the first year of life and affects individuals across different racial and ethnic backgrounds without gender preference. EB encompasses several subtypes, including EB simplex, junctional EB, dystrophic EB, and Kindler syndrome, each differentiated by the level of skin cleavage. Oral manifestations of EB, such as blistering, scarring, and periodontal disease, are significant as they can lead to complications that impact overall health and necessitate a multidisciplinary treatment approach.
Periodontal Manifestations of EB
One prominent aspect of EB is its oral complications, which can significantly affect dental health. In a reported case, a 16-year-old female presented with bleeding gums, bad breath, and a history of blister formation leading to oral lesions and severe periodontal disease. Periodontal examination revealed extensive plaque and calculus, along with inflamed gingival tissues that bled easily. Radiographic assessments indicated severe bone loss, showcasing the devastating impact of EB on the periodontium. The management for such cases is palliative and focuses on minimizing discomfort and preventing further complications through meticulous oral hygiene and conservative interventions, such as scaling, root planing, and the use of topical anesthetics.
Conclusion
EB is a complex condition that manifests not only in the skin but also in the oral cavity, significantly affecting a patient's quality of life. Understanding the periodontal implications of EB is crucial for dental professionals to facilitate early diagnosis and effective management. The case highlights the necessity for dentists to be vigilant regarding potential signs of systemic diseases like EB during dental examinations. A tailored treatment approach can improve outcomes and ensure better oral health for affected individuals, underscoring the need for continued education and awareness among dental practitioners regarding this rare disorder.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) and its symptoms?
Epidermolysis bullosa is a genetic disorder causing skin and mucous membrane fragility, leading to spontaneous blister formation, especially after minor trauma, and can manifest with oral issues including bleeding gums, difficulty eating, and severe periodontal disease.
How is EB diagnosed and treated in patients?
EB is diagnosed based on clinical findings and histopathological examination. Treatment is multidisciplinary and mainly palliative, including oral care, management of infections, nutrition support, and possibly topical treatments for skin lesions.
What are the oral manifestations of EB?
Oral manifestations of EB include blistering, ulceration, limited mouth opening, periodontal disease, and other complications, which can complicate oral hygiene and lead to further dental issues.
What are the different types of Epidermolysis bullosa?
EB is classified into four main types: EB simplex, junctional EB, dystrophic EB (dominant and recessive), and Kindler syndrome, each distinguished by the level of blistering and clinical features.
What are the periodontal conditions seen in EB patients?
Patients with EB often suffer from severe periodontal disease characterized by excessive plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation, and tooth mobility, leading to the risk of tooth loss and further complications.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Periodontal manifestation of epidermolysis bullosa: Looking through the lens”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Disease:
The term 'disease' refers to an abnormal condition of a living organism that impairs normal functioning. In the context of the provided text, epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is highlighted as a genetic disease that significantly affects the skin and mucous membranes, leading to blister formation and various systemic complications.
2) Table:
While 'table' does not appear explicitly in the text, it can refer to tabulated clinical data or diagnostic criteria that help in understanding the severity of epidermolysis bullosa. Relevant tables in medical literature often summarize symptoms, treatment methods, and outcomes, aiding in clinical decision-making and patient management.
3) Bleeding:
The term 'bleeding' is pertinent in the context of the oral manifestations of epidermolysis bullosa. Patients may experience spontaneous bleeding from the gums due to fragile oral tissues, contributing to significant discomfort and complicating oral hygiene. Managing bleeding is crucial in clinical care for patients with EB to prevent secondary infections.
4) Diet:
A 'diet' plays a significant role for individuals with epidermolysis bullosa, as nutritional intake can influence overall health and healing. A protein-rich diet, along with supplements, is advised to support the patient's nutritional needs, especially considering the difficulties they face with food due to oral lesions and other complications.
5) Ulcer:
The term 'ulcer' is critical in describing one of the severe manifestations in patients with epidermolysis bullosa. Oral ulcers can result from blistering and subsequent trauma, leading to severely painful areas in the mouth, which further hinder the ability to maintain oral hygiene and nutrition.
6) Birth:
The word 'birth' indicates a key factor in the presentation of epidermolysis bullosa. Symptoms often manifest at or shortly after birth, marking the onset of the disease. Understanding the timing of symptom emergence is vital for early diagnosis and intervention, which can improve patient outcomes.
7) Food:
The term 'food' relates to the challenges faced by individuals with epidermolysis bullosa when consuming meals. Difficulty in eating hot, spicy, or hard foods due to oral lesions significantly affects their nutritional intake and overall quality of life, making dietary management an essential component of their care.
8) Genetic disorder:
The phrase 'genetic disorder' characterizes epidermolysis bullosa as heritable conditions often resulting from mutations in specific genes. Identifying EB as a genetic disorder is crucial for understanding its pathophysiology, inheritance patterns, and potential familial implications, as well as guiding treatment and genetic counseling.
9) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a vital process in response to injury or infection and is a significant condition noted in the periodontal examinations of EB patients. The presence of inflamed, ulcerated gingival tissues indicates an active response to trauma and infection, emphasizing the need for careful and proactive dental management.
10) Discussion:
The term 'discussion' is used to contextualize findings, treatment options, and the implications of various manifestations of epidermolysis bullosa. It allows researchers and practitioners to collaborate, exchange knowledge, and reflect on treatment outcomes, improving understanding and providing a platform for enhancing patient care strategies.
11) Developing:
The word 'developing' in the context of the case report mirrors the ongoing challenges faced by patients with epidermolysis bullosa. As these individuals grow and their symptoms progress or change, the treatment strategies must also evolve to ensure continuous care and management of the condition.
12) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
The term 'antibiotic' signifies its importance in managing secondary infections resulting from skin or oral lesions in patients with epidermolysis bullosa. Employing appropriate antibiotic therapy is crucial to prevent complications, support healing, and improve the patient’s overall health status throughout their treatment journey.
13) Hygiene (Hygienic):
The concept of 'hygiene' is particularly significant for patients with epidermolysis bullosa due to the fragility of their skin and mucous membranes. Maintaining excellent oral hygiene is critical to minimize the risk of infections, promote healing, and manage oral symptoms effectively, thereby improving the patient's quality of life.
14) Surface:
The term 'surface' can refer to the physical characteristics of the skin and mucous membranes in individuals with epidermolysis bullosa. The integrity of the surface layer is compromised, leading to blister formation and susceptibility to injury, underscoring the need for careful treatment and management.
15) Jaipur:
The mention of 'Jaipur' highlights the geographical context in which the case report and the corresponding medical treatment occurred. This location is significant as it informs the cultural, environmental, and healthcare-related factors that might influence patient management and the resources available for managing complex conditions like EB.
16) Blood:
The reference to 'blood' underscores the clinical focus on bleeding tendencies associated with epidermolysis bullosa, where fragile tissues can lead to significant blood loss. Understanding blood dynamics in these patients is critical for managing their condition during dental procedures and ongoing treatment regimens.
17) Study (Studying):
The term 'study' is relevant as it signifies the research and clinical observations made regarding epidermolysis bullosa. Conducting studies helps establish treatment protocols, understand disease mechanisms, and improve management strategies, contributing to the broader body of knowledge surrounding genetic disorders and dermatological conditions.
18) Sign:
The word 'sign' refers to clinical indicators that can help in diagnosing epidermolysis bullosa. Signs observed in a patient, such as blister formation or oral ulcerations, serve as critical markers for healthcare providers to recognize the disease and initiate appropriate treatment measures.
19) Tear:
The term 'tear' refers to the physical damage that occurs to the skin and mucous membranes in patients with epidermolysis bullosa. Tearing of fragile blisters leads to painful wounds, emphasizing the need for protective strategies and careful handling during both medical treatment and daily care.
20) Rich (Rch):
The word 'rich' is associated with diets that are high in protein and other essential nutrients recommended for EB patients. A nutrient-rich diet is crucial for wound healing and overall health, addressing the increased nutritional needs arising from the chronic inflammation and tissue damage inherent in this genetic disorder.
21) Drug:
The term 'drug' can refer to various pharmacological agents used in the management of epidermolysis bullosa, including topical treatments for skin lesions or oral medications for managing pain and inflammation. Understanding various drug applications is essential for effective patient care and symptom management.
22) Life:
The term 'life' encapsulates the overall impact of epidermolysis bullosa on patients' daily activities and well-being. The disease can significantly affect the quality of life due to chronic pain, frequent medical treatments, and the challenges in maintaining good oral and general health.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Periodontal manifestation of epidermolysis bullosa: Looking through the lens’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Genetic disorder, Gingival inflammation, Mucous membrane, Blister formation, Epidermolysis bullosa, Oral hygiene instruction, Multidisciplinary treatment, Oral ulceration.