Nonsurgical periodontal therapy's effect on salivary myeloperoxidase.
Journal name: Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
Original article title: Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on salivary myeloperoxidase levels: A biochemical study
The Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology (JISP) publishes original scientific articles on periodontology (the study of supporting structures of teeth) and oral implantology. It is a bimonthly open-access journal with special issues for specific occasions.
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Original source:
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Mona Dagar, Dhruv Kumar Deepa, Madan Molly, Anamika Sharma, Braham Prakash Khattak
Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology:
(A bimonthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on salivary myeloperoxidase levels: A biochemical study
Year: 2015 | Doi: 10.4103/0972-124X.162199
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Chronic periodontitis is characterized as an inflammatory disease that impacts the supporting structures of the teeth, leading to the destruction of connective tissue. One of the most significant contributors to the inflammatory process is myeloperoxidase (MPO), the primary protein found in neutrophils. This study focuses on the levels of MPO in the saliva of patients with varying degrees of periodontal diseases, including healthy gingiva, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis, before and after treatment with scaling and root planning. The objective is to evaluate the role of salivary MPO as a potential biomarker for periodontal disease severity and therapy effectiveness.
The Role of Myeloperoxidase in Periodontal Disease
MPO, predominantly present in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), is instrumental in the body's inflammatory response and defense against pathogens. The study reveals that MPO levels significantly increase in the saliva of subjects with chronic periodontitis compared to those with health gingiva and gingivitis, suggesting that MPO could serve as an effective marker for periodontal disease activity. The findings indicate a statistically significant relation between elevated salivary MPO levels and clinical parameters such as probing depth and clinical attachment level. Additionally, a notable reduction in MPO levels was observed following non-surgical periodontal therapy, establishing a link between the enzyme's activity and the effectiveness of treatment.
Conclusion
The results from this study conclusively show that MPO activity is significantly heightened in individuals with periodontal diseases compared to healthy controls, affirming its potential utility as a biochemical marker for periodontal disease diagnosis and monitoring treatment outcomes. Non-surgical periodontal therapy effectively reduces both clinical parameters and salivary MPO levels, indicating an improvement in periodontal health. Therefore, salivary MPO emerges as a viable candidate for further research into biomarkers for periodontal disease, paving the way for enhanced diagnostic methodologies and treatment evaluations in dental practices.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is myeloperoxidase (MPO) and its role in periodontal disease?
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is the most abundant protein in neutrophils and plays a critical role in inflammatory responses. It is associated with the initiation and progression of periodontal disease, serving as a potential biomarker for identifying disease activity.
How was the study on MPO and periodontal disease conducted?
The study involved 60 patients grouped by periodontal health status. Salivary MPO levels were measured along with clinical parameters like probing depth and clinical attachment levels, before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy to assess the effectiveness of treatment.
What were the key findings regarding MPO levels in different groups?
Statistically significant differences were found in salivary MPO levels among all groups. Patients with chronic periodontitis showed the highest levels, while healthy individuals had the lowest. Nonsurgical therapy led to a significant reduction in MPO levels.
How does nonsurgical periodontal therapy affect salivary MPO levels?
Nonsurgical periodontal therapy significantly improves clinical parameters and reduces salivary MPO levels. This indicates that MPO can be a useful biochemical marker to monitor the effectiveness of periodontal treatments.
What implications do the study's findings have for periodontal disease diagnosis?
The study suggests that salivary enzymes like MPO could serve as biochemical markers for diagnosing periodontal disease. Their levels may help in evaluating disease activity and monitoring treatment outcomes.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Nonsurgical periodontal therapy's effect on salivary myeloperoxidase.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Table:
A table is a systematic arrangement of data displayed in rows and columns. In the context of scientific studies, tables summarize results succinctly, making complex data simpler to understand. They allow researchers to easily compare different groups or conditions, facilitating clearer insights and interpretations of experimental findings.
2) Study (Studying):
A study refers to a systematic investigation aimed at discovering new information or validating existing knowledge. It involves collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data. In scientific research, including the presented work, studies encapsulate methodologies and findings regarding specific hypotheses, contributing to overall scientific knowledge and understanding in a field.
3) Disease:
A disease is a pathological condition resulting from various causes including infection, genetic mutations, and environmental factors. Understanding disease mechanisms, symptoms, and treatment options is crucial in health sciences. In the context of periodontal disease, it emphasizes the study of conditions affecting the gums and supporting tooth structures.
4) Relative:
Relative refers to the comparative relationship between different entities or phenomena. In research contexts, relative measurements help in understanding differences in parameters among tested groups. This relativity can indicate degrees of association or effect size, which is vital in interpreting results, especially in studies examining varied health conditions.
5) Activity:
Activity denotes the level of action or engagement of biological processes or enzymes in a given context. In the presented research, activity references the enzymatic function of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in saliva. It plays a crucial role in assessing enzymatic changes corresponding to health or disease states, impacting diagnosis.
6) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a biological response to harmful stimuli, including pathogens and tissue injury. It manifests as redness, swelling, heat, and pain. In periodontal disease, inflammation is a key factor affecting gum health. Understanding inflammation dynamics is essential for developing treatment strategies to manage or reverse periodontal conditions.
7) Thomas:
Thomas appears to reference a researcher or study pertinent to the investigation of myeloperoxidase levels in periodontal disease. His work may have contributed insights into the correlation between enzymatic activity and periodontal conditions. Citing Thomas emphasizes the study's grounding in established research and connects it with ongoing scientific discourse.
8) Measurement:
Measurement concerns quantifying variables or parameters using defined methods. Accurate measurement is critical in research to validate findings and establish conclusions. In periodontal studies, measuring indices like probing depth and enzymatic levels ensures comparability and reliability of data, aiding in diagnosis and assessing treatment efficacy.
9) Irritation:
Irritation refers to the discomfort or inflammation caused by external stimuli or conditions, often relevant in medical contexts. In the study, it pertains to potential effects related to the collection methods for saliva or gingival crevicular fluid, underscoring the importance of choosing non-invasive techniques to ensure accurate results.
10) Bleeding:
Bleeding, particularly in dental contexts, relates to gum bleed during probing, indicating inflammation or disease. It serves as a clinical indicator of periodontal health. Assessing bleeding on probing helps evaluate disease severity and treatment effectiveness, providing key metrics for monitoring patient health and guiding therapeutic decisions.
11) Discussion:
Discussion in academic manuscripts is where authors analyze and interpret their results in the context of existing literature. It allows for a deeper understanding of findings, implications for practice and future research. In this study, the discussion connects results on myeloperoxidase levels with clinical interpretations of periodontal disease.
12) Container:
A container is an object used to hold or store substances. In laboratory contexts, sterile containers for sample collection are imperative to avoid contamination, ensuring the integrity of saliva samples in the study. Proper handling and storage influence the reliability of biochemical measurements made in research.
13) Surface:
Surface refers to the outer layer or boundary of an object. In the dental context, it often pertains to tooth surfaces or periodontal tissue. Assessing surface characteristics impacts understanding disease manifestation and treatment effectiveness, particularly in evaluating clinical indices like attachment loss and probing depth in periodontal assessments.
14) Medium:
Medium in scientific contexts refers to the substance through which biochemical processes occur or samples are processed. It can indicate the environment (such as saliva or blood) within which enzymes act. The choice of medium affects measurement accuracy and ultimately influences conclusions drawn from a study.
15) Blood:
Blood is a vital fluid that circulates within the body, providing essential functions such as transport of nutrients and waste removal. In studies of periodontal disease, blood markers may indicate systemic health. Understanding the interplay between oral health and systemic conditions highlights the significance of periodontal status in overall health.
16) Food:
Food refers to substances consumed for nutritional support. In scientific research, diet can influence health outcomes and disease processes. In the context of this study, the relationship between food intake and periodontal health can be significant as dietary choices may impact oral microbiota and inflammatory responses in periodontal disease.
Other Health Sciences Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Nonsurgical periodontal therapy's effect on salivary myeloperoxidase.’. Further sources in the context of Health Sciences might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Statistical analysis, Plaque index, Gingival index, Dental plaque, Group comparison, Chronic periodontitis, Probing pocket depth, Clinical attachment level, Biochemical marker, Spectrophotometer analysis, Nonsurgical periodontal therapy, Myeloperoxidase levels, Salivary enzymes, Bleeding on probing index.