Oral telangiectatic granuloma with an intrabony defect

| Posted in: Science Health Sciences Journals

Journal name: Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
Original article title: Oral telangiectatic granuloma with an intrabony defect
The Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology (JISP) publishes original scientific articles on periodontology (the study of supporting structures of teeth) and oral implantology. It is a bimonthly open-access journal with special issues for specific occasions.
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Original source:

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Author:

Akanksha Rathore, Tanya Jadhav, Anita Kulloli, Archana Singh


Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology:

(A bimonthly open-access journal)

Full text available for: Oral telangiectatic granuloma with an intrabony defect

Year: 2015 | Doi: 10.4103/0972-124X.164745

Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Oral telangiectatic granuloma (OTG) is a benign hyperplastic lesion that arises in the oral cavity as a response to trauma or chronic irritation. Historically, these lesions have often been misclassified as "pyogenic granulomas." Characterized by a proliferation of small, thin-walled blood vessels and inflammatory cell infiltrates within granulation tissue, OTGs predominantly affect the gingiva, especially in the maxillary anterior region. The condition is more common in women and is linked to factors such as chronic irritants, bony spicules, and trauma. This report details a case of a 36-year-old female patient who presented with an OTG associated with an intrabony defect, highlighting the necessity of histopathological diagnosis in managing such lesions.

Importance of Histopathological Diagnosis

The effective management of OTG requires distinguishing it from other oral lesions that may present similarly, such as giant cell granuloma and peripheral ossifying fibroma. In the presented case, a 36-year-old female exhibited a swelling linked to chronic irritation and incomplete root canal treatment, showing radiographic evidence of an intrabony defect. Despite initial nonsurgical treatments not showing significant improvement, a definitive diagnosis was achieved through histopathological evaluation following surgical intervention. The internal bevel gingivectomy allowed access to manage the underlying defect and fill it with autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), which is known to enhance wound healing and promote tissue regeneration. This emphasizes the critical role of accurate histopathological diagnosis in confirming the lesion type and guiding appropriate surgical management.

Conclusion

The presence of oral lesions often poses diagnostic challenges for clinicians, necessitating careful evaluation and histopathological examination for a definitive diagnosis. In cases of gingival growths associated with bone loss, simultaneous management of both the soft tissue and underlying bony lesions may be essential. The case of the OTG linked to an intrabony defect demonstrates the importance of thorough diagnostic processes and tailored treatment approaches to ensure optimal patient outcomes. This report reiterates the significance of histopathological evaluations to accurately classify oral lesions and implement effective treatment strategies.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is oral telangiectatic granuloma and its causes?

Oral telangiectatic granuloma is a benign hyperplastic lesion caused by trauma or chronic irritation. Factors include bony spicules, root fragments, orthodontic appliances, and gingival irritation, leading to the growth of granulation tissue and small thin-walled blood vessels.

How was the case of the 36-year-old female managed?

The patient's condition involved an internal bevel gingivectomy to remove the granuloma and manage an underlying intrabony defect. A platelet-rich fibrin plug was placed in the defect, promoting healing. Follow-up showed no recurrence after six months.

What complications can occur with oral telangiectatic granuloma?

Complications may include the development of intrabony defects, which can lead to bone resorption due to localized pressure. Histopathological diagnosis is essential, as differential diagnoses include more serious conditions like giant cell granuloma or metastatic tumors.

How can oral telangiectatic granuloma be treated?

Treatment involves maintaining good oral hygiene, curettage, surgical excision, and regenerative therapies. In this case, the use of platelet-rich fibrin facilitated bone regeneration and healing while minimizing tissue loss and promoting recovery.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Oral telangiectatic granuloma with an intrabony defect”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Swelling:
Swelling refers to the abnormal enlargement of a body part, often indicating inflammation or the presence of a lesion. In this case, it describes the growth noted in the patient's oral cavity, which was associated with chronic irritation and necessitated further investigation and treatment.

2) Table:
Table often refers to a systematic arrangement of data or information. In medical literature, tables are utilized to summarize findings, compare results of different studies, or outline the characteristics of findings such as lesions or demographic data relevant to the research.

3) Blood:
Blood is a vital fluid in the human body that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to cells. In dentistry, blood tests and samples help evaluate a patient’s health status and diagnose conditions, especially those related to inflammation or infection.

4) Irritation:
Irritation signifies a state of inflammation or sensitivity in a tissue. In this context, it identifies the underlying cause of the oral telangiectatic granuloma, often due to trauma, dental procedures, or foreign bodies that provoke a hyperplastic reaction leading to growth.

5) Surface:
Surface refers to the outermost layer of a structure. In the context of oral lesions, it describes the visible characteristics of the growth such as color and texture, which are crucial for differential diagnosis and understanding the lesion's presentation.

6) Nature:
Nature denotes the intrinsic characteristics or qualities of a given entity. In the case report, the 'nature' of the lesion provides insight into its benign or malignant status, which can guide clinical management and treatment options.

7) Rich (Rch):
Rich, in a medical context, often describes a high concentration of specific components. In this report, 'rich' refers to the platelet-rich fibrin used in treatment, emphasizing its ability to enhance healing due to its elevated growth factor content.

8) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibiotics are medications utilized to combat bacterial infections. In dental practice, they are often prescribed postoperatively to prevent infections following surgical interventions, underscoring the importance of understanding infection control and management in patient care.

9) Bleeding:
Bleeding is the escape of blood from the circulatory system, which can signify injury or inflammation. In the context of the oral lesion, it raises concern for potential infection or exacerbation of existing conditions, impacting treatment decisions.

10) Relative:
Relative typically indicates a relationship or comparison to something else. In healthcare, it can refer to the relative risk of developing a condition or the relationship between symptoms, guiding clinicians in diagnostics and treatment strategies.

11) Hygiene (Hygienic):
Hygiene refers to practices that promote health and prevent disease, especially through cleanliness. In dental care, maintaining proper oral hygiene is critical in preventing the development of lesions such as telangiectatic granuloma, highlighting patient education's role.

12) Filling (Filled):
Filled denotes the act of occupying a space with a substance. In the case study, the term describes the process of placing platelet-rich fibrin into the bone defect, emphasizing the treatment method aimed at promoting healing and bone regeneration.

13) Arrow:
Arrow often symbolizes direction or a point of interest in diagrams or illustrations. In medical literature, arrows may be utilized in radiographs or figures to indicate specific lesion locations or anatomical structures that are significant for understanding the case.

14) Discussion:
Discussion represents a reflective examination of findings and their implications. In medical literature, this section allows authors to interpret their results, compare them with other studies and provide a deeper understanding of the findings in the context of existing literature.

15) Dressing:
Dressing refers to materials applied to wounds to promote healing and protect the area from infection. In dental surgery, periodontal dressings serve to stabilize the surgical site, support healing, and minimize discomfort for the patient postoperatively.

16) Incision:
Incision refers to a precise cut made during surgical procedures. In this report, it describes the surgical approach adopted to manage gingival lesions, highlighting the importance of technique in accessing and treating underlying issues efficiently.

17) Disease:
Disease signifies a pathological condition characterized by dysfunction or damage to body tissues or systems. In the case study, understanding the diseases associated with oral lesions is crucial for appropriate diagnosis and targeted treatment.

18) Patil:
Patil likely refers to an institution or individual affiliated with the case study or research. In academic discourse, mentioning affiliations provides context to the source of the clinical data and recognizes the contributions of involved professionals.

19) Glass:
Glass in a medical context often refers to laboratory equipment used in the preparation or analysis of specimens. In this case, it highlights the procedural steps involved in obtaining platelet-rich fibrin and maintaining sterile conditions during preparation.

20) Study (Studying):
Study denotes a systematic investigation into a specific subject. In the context of medical research, the study provides evidence-based information on diagnoses and treatment options for conditions like telangiectatic granuloma, informing clinical practices.

21) Pune:
Pune is a city in India where the case took place. Mentioning the location adds geographical context to the study, potentially highlighting regional health practices, prevalence of conditions, and accessibility of treatment in specific healthcare settings.

22) Food:
Food often signifies substances consumed for nourishment. In this case, it refers to the patient's experiences of pain and swelling due to food lodgment, establishing a link between dietary habits and the exacerbation of oral lesions.

23) Pain:
Pain is an unpleasant sensory experience that often indicates underlying issues. In this report, the patient's pain due to food lodgment underscores the clinical significance of addressing associated symptoms during the diagnosis and management of oral growths.

24) Gold (Golden):
Gold is frequently referenced as the 'gold standard' in medical diagnostics. In this context, it emphasizes the importance of histopathological examination as the definitive method for diagnosing oral lesions, ensuring accurate differentiation from other similar conditions.

25) Drug:
Drug refers to a chemical substance used for treatment, prevention, or diagnosis of diseases. In this report, mentioning various drugs highlights their roles in managing patient care and enhancing treatment efficacy, particularly in postoperative management.

Other Health Sciences Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Oral telangiectatic granuloma with an intrabony defect’. Further sources in the context of Health Sciences might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Treatment plan, Surgical excision, Oral cavity, Good oral hygiene, Pyogenic granuloma, Excisional biopsy, Female predilection, Maxillary region, Satisfactory healing, Histopathological diagnosis, Histological Appearance, Intrabony defect, Dental history.

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