CRP and IL-6 levels in blood of chronic periodontitis patients

| Posted in: Science

Journal name: Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
Original article title: Evaluation of C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 in the peripheral blood of patients with chronic periodontitis
The Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology (JISP) publishes original scientific articles on periodontology (the study of supporting structures of teeth) and oral implantology. It is a bimonthly open-access journal with special issues for specific occasions.
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Original source:

This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.

Author:

Dhruva Kumar Gani, Deepa Lakshmi, Rama Krishnan, Pamela Emmadi


Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology:

(A bimonthly open-access journal)

Full text available for: Evaluation of C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 in the peripheral blood of patients with chronic periodontitis

Year: 2009 | Doi: 10.4103/0972-124X.55840

Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

The study investigates the systemic levels of inflammatory markers, specifically C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), in patients suffering from chronic periodontitis compared to periodontally healthy individuals. Periodontitis is a chronic infection affecting the supporting tissues of the teeth, and it has been associated with various cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The research involved 42 participants divided into three groups: healthy controls, chronic localized periodontitis, and chronic generalized periodontitis, all assessed without any underlying medical disorders. The study emphasizes the link between inflammation induced by periodontitis and the increased risk for cardiovascular events, highlighting the relevance of CRP and IL-6 as potential biomarkers.

Systemic Inflammatory Markers in Periodontitis

An important finding of this study is the significant elevation of CRP levels in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis, with observed levels of 0.544 mg/dL compared to 0.304 mg/dL in healthy controls. While both periodontitis groups showed increased CRP levels in comparison to controls, only the chronic generalized group demonstrated statistically significant higher levels. In contrast, IL-6 levels were elevated in the chronic periodontitis group (6.35 pg/mL) but did not reach statistical significance when compared alongside the control and localized periodontitis groups. These findings support the hypothesis that chronic infections like periodontitis can contribute to systemic inflammation, thus increasing the risk of developing cardiovascular conditions through mechanisms that involve inflammatory markers.

Conclusion

The study concludes that elevated systemic levels of CRP and IL-6 in individuals with chronic periodontitis may be indicative of increased inflammatory activity that could predispose such patients to cardiovascular diseases. The correlation between periodontal disease and cardiovascular risk underscores the importance of recognizing periodontal health as a potential factor in cardiovascular disease prevention strategies. Further research with larger sample sizes is warranted to solidify these findings and explore the mechanisms underlying the relationship between periodontal inflammation and cardiovascular risks.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What was the aim of this study on periodontal disease?

The study aimed to investigate systemic levels of inflammatory markers, specifically C-reactive protein and interleukin-6, in chronic periodontitis patients compared to periodontally healthy individuals.

What are the primary inflammatory markers studied in this research?

The primary inflammatory markers studied were C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), as both are associated with cardiovascular disease and could indicate a risk in periodontitis patients.

What were the significant findings regarding CRP and IL-6 levels?

The study found significantly higher CRP levels in chronic generalized periodontitis patients compared to healthy controls, suggesting an increased cardiovascular risk. However, IL-6 differences were not statistically significant between groups.

How does periodontitis relate to cardiovascular disease according to the study?

The study suggests that periodontitis may increase systemic inflammation, indicated by elevated CRP and IL-6 levels, potentially contributing to a higher risk of cardiovascular events and atherosclerosis.

What is the conclusion about CRP and IL-6 as risk markers?

The research concludes that C-reactive protein and IL-6 could serve as potential risk markers for cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic periodontitis, warranting further investigation in larger populations.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “CRP and IL-6 levels in blood of chronic periodontitis patients”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Disease:
The term 'disease' refers to a pathological condition that affects the normal functioning of an organism. In this study, it primarily pertains to periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases. Understanding disease pathology is essential for assessing systemic inflammation and its relation to potential health risks, particularly in patient populations with chronic conditions.

2) Study (Studying):
The term 'study' represents a structured investigation aimed at understanding specific phenomena. In this context, the study focuses on examining the relationship between chronic periodontitis and systemic inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein and interleukin-6. Findings from the study are crucial for developing effective health interventions.

3) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a key biological response to harmful stimuli, including pathogens or tissue injury. In this research, inflammation is significant as it relates to the body's systemic response, particularly how periodontitis can elevate inflammatory markers. A better understanding of inflammation plays a crucial role in cardiovascular health assessments.

4) Table:
The term 'table' in this context refers to organized data presentations such as findings from the study. Tables summarize the results of periodontal assessments, CRP levels, and IL-6 concentrations across the studied groups. They facilitate comparisons and highlight significant findings relevant to the investigation of systemic inflammatory responses.

5) Blood:
Blood serves as a vital transport medium in the body containing cells and proteins essential for immune response and inflammation. In this study, the analysis of blood samples for markers such as C-reactive protein and IL-6 helps determine the systemic effects of chronic periodontitis on cardiovascular health.

6) Activity:
Activity, in this context, describes biological processes, particularly inflammatory responses triggered by periodontitis. Elevated levels of inflammatory markers indicate increased inflammatory activity, which is linked to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Understanding inflammatory activity can help gauge patient risks for adverse health outcomes.

7) Male (Mālē):
The term 'male' denotes one gender within the study population. Gender differences may influence disease prevalence and inflammation levels. In this research, male subjects are part of the demographic examined to assess the impact of chronic periodontitis and associated systemic inflammation on cardiovascular risk factors.

8) Tuberculosis:
Tuberculosis refers to a specific infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, known for chronic inflammatory responses. Although not directly studied here, it exemplifies how chronic infections may produce systemic inflammation similar to periodontitis, thereby potentially influencing cardiovascular health through similar inflammatory pathways.

9) Developing:
The term 'developing' relates to the progression of a disease over time or the emergence of health challenges. In this study, it underscores the importance of identifying chronic periodontitis as a risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases, emphasizing the need for preventive health considerations in at-risk populations.

10) Meenakshi:
Meenakshi refers to Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, the institution where the participants of the study were recruited. The college plays a crucial role in facilitating research on periodontal disease and its systemic implications, contributing significantly to advancing dental and medical health knowledge.

11) Prabhu (Prabhū):
Prabhu is a reference to a specific researcher or author whose work contributes to the understanding of the relationships between periodontal disease and systemic inflammation. Such contributions are vital for expanding knowledge on the interaction between oral health and overall health outcomes.

12) Anila (Anīla, Ānila, Ānīla, Anilā):
Anila likely pertains to Anila Prabhu, a researcher mentioned in the study. Researchers' work adds depth to existing literature on the systemic effects of periodontitis, enriching the discourse around chronic inflammation and its implications for cardiovascular health, thus promoting further exploration into these connections.

13) Cloud:
The term 'cloud' generally symbolizes uncertainty or challenges in data assessment. In this study, it highlights the need for clarity regarding CRP levels affected by variables that obscure true relationships, indicating the importance of controlling confounding factors in research to yield reliable results.

14) Fever:
Fever represents a systemic response to infection, commonly noted in inflammatory processes. This study indirectly relates fever to the systemic inflammation caused by periodontitis, exemplifying how similar inflammatory pathways may lead to increased risks for cardiovascular diseases, demonstrating the interconnected nature of various health conditions.

15) Wall:
In this context, 'wall' refers to vessel walls that may become compromised due to chronic inflammation stemming from periodontal disease. Understanding the role of inflammation in damaging vascular structures is critical for associating periodontal health with cardiovascular risks and developing preventive strategies.

16) Pur (Pūr):
The term 'poor' usually signifies insufficient or substandard conditions. Here, it relates to 'poor dental health,' underlining its significant correlation with the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This highlights the necessity for improved preventive care and treatment strategies to combat the health implications of oral diseases.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘CRP and IL-6 levels in blood of chronic periodontitis patients’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Bacterial infection, Atherosclerosis, Gingival index, Cardiovascular disease, C-Reactive Protein, Chronic periodontitis, Acute phase response, Interleukin-6, Probing pocket depth, Clinical attachment level, Risk factor, Serum sample.

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