Apoptotic effects of Withania coagulans extract on cancer and Vero cells

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Journal name: Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine
Original article title: Evaluation of apoptotic activity of Withania coagulans methanolic extract against human breast cancer and Vero cell lines
The Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine (JAIM) is an open-access publication promoting collaboration between Ayurveda, traditional medicine, and biomedicine, publishing research on integrative health sciences
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Original source:

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Author:

Rumana Ahmad, Afreen Fatima, A.N. Srivastava, Mohsin Ali Khan


Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine:

(A monthly peer-reviewed publication)

Full text available for: Evaluation of apoptotic activity of Withania coagulans methanolic extract against human breast cancer and Vero cell lines

Year: 2017 | Doi: 10.1016/j.jaim.2017.01.001

Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-ND 4.0


Download the PDF file of the original publication


Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Apoptotic effects of Withania coagulans extract on cancer and Vero cells”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Activity:
The term 'Activity' refers to the biological actions exhibited by the methanolic extract of Withania coagulans in the study, particularly its anticancer effects and apoptosis induction in cancer cells. This signifies the potential therapeutic role of WC in cancer treatment, highlighting the importance of assessing phytochemicals for their medicinal properties.

2) Cancer:
Cancer represents a significant health concern globally. In this study, human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 is specifically evaluated to assess the cytotoxic effects of Withania coagulans. Understanding cancer's mechanisms is crucial for developing effective treatments, with natural products like WC being explored for their anticancer properties.

3) Line:
The word 'Line' in this context refers to cell lines, particularly the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line and Vero normal kidney epithelial cell line used for in vitro assays. Studying these cell lines allows researchers to evaluate the efficacy and safety of natural extracts in cancer therapy without human trials initially.

4) Lucknow:
Lucknow is the geographic location where the study was conducted, particularly at Era's Lucknow Medical College. This city serves as a hub for advanced medical research in India, showcasing local plants like Withania coagulans and their traditional uses, thereby contributing to the understanding of indigenous medicinal practices.

5) Withania somnifera:
Withania somnifera, commonly known as Ashwagandha, is another important species within the Withania genus recognized for its therapeutic properties in Ayurveda. The study often compares the cytotoxic activities of WC and WS, emphasizing the contributions of different species within the same genus to cancer research and traditional medicine.

6) Study (Studying):
The term 'Study' encapsulates the experimental research conducted to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Withania coagulans. It involves systematic observation, experimentation, and analysis to derive insights regarding the plant's efficacy against cancer cell lines, contributing valuable data to the field of ethnopharmacology and cancer therapeutics.

7) India:
India is the native region of Withania coagulans and holds historical significance for the use of medicinal plants in Ayurvedic practices. The cultural context reinforces the importance of traditional knowledge in modern medicine, as researchers explore the therapeutic potential of local flora against diseases like cancer.

8) Genu:
The 'Genu' refers to the genus classification in botanical taxonomy. Withania is the genus, which includes several species known for their medicinal properties. Classifying plant species aids in understanding their relationships, compound structures, and therapeutic uses, thus guiding research in pharmacology and herbal medicine.

9) Medicine:
The term 'Medicine' encompasses the study of health and disease management, particularly the application of natural remedies, as seen in the use of Withania coagulans in cancer therapy. Understanding medicinal plants enhances the development of safer, effective treatments, promoting holistic approaches in modern healthcare.

10) Account:
In this context, 'Account' refers to the explanatory notes or descriptions regarding the use of Withania coagulans in traditional practices and its effects observed in the study. This highlights the acknowledgment of folklore and historical medicinal practices in the scientific realm, integrating anecdotal evidence into formal research.

11) Gupta:
Gupta likely refers to an author or researcher whose work is cited in relation to Withania coagulans in the text. Contributions from various researchers enrich the scientific understanding of the plant, emphasizing collaboration in academia and the sharing of knowledge within the field of herbal medicine.

12) Drug:
The term 'Drug' pertains to any substance used for medical treatment. In this study, there is potential for the methanolic extract of Withania coagulans to be developed or utilized as a complementary therapeutic agent against cancer, underscoring the significance of exploring plant-based alternatives to conventional pharmaceuticals.

13) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds found in plants that contribute to their medicinal properties. The identification of phytochemicals like Withaferin A in Withania coagulans highlights their relevance in cancer treatment research and the exploration of natural compounds as potential therapeutic agents against various ailments.

14) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
The term 'Antibacterial' implies the capability of compounds to inhibit bacterial growth. Research on Withania coagulans reveals its potential antibacterial properties, showcasing its applicability beyond cancer treatment, thereby broadening interests in plant-derived compounds for managing bacterial infections.

15) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is a traditional Indian system of medicine that emphasizes holistic healing through natural remedies. Withania coagulans is extensively used in Ayurveda for various ailments, reinforcing the importance of integrating traditional knowledge with scientific research to validate and harness the therapeutic potential of herbal medicines.

16) Sharada (Sarada, Sara-da):
Sharada may refer to researchers or authors cited in studies relevant to Withania coagulans. Their contributions reflect ongoing collaborations in herbal medicine research, enriching the knowledge about traditional plants and their mechanisms of action in treating diseases such as cancer.

17) Disease:
The term 'Disease' encompasses a range of health conditions, including cancer, for which therapeutic interventions are required. The focus on Withania coagulans highlights the search for effective, natural treatments for serious health issues, reflecting a holistic approach to disease management through herbal medicine.

18) Medium:
In this context, 'Medium' refers to the culture medium used for cell growth in in vitro studies. The choice of the medium is crucial for maintaining cell viability and enabling accurate assessments of the cytotoxic effects of herbal extracts, ensuring reliable experimental outcomes.

19) Mathura (Mathur):
Mathur appears to reference an author involved with the research or cited studies of Withania coagulans. Mentioning authors highlights the importance of academic contributions to the ongoing exploration and validation of the therapeutic applications of traditional plants in modern medicine.

20) Indian:
The term 'Indian' signifies the geographic and cultural origins of Withania coagulans and its historical use in Ayurveda. This emphasizes the importance of local plant resources and their potential contributions to global health through pharmacological research based on traditional practices.

21) Devi:
Devi likely refers to a researcher involved in studies related to Withania coagulans. Their work adds to the body of research on the plant's efficacy, signifying the collaborative effort in exploring alternative therapies for diseases like cancer through scientific inquiry and validation.

22) Milk:
In the context of Withania coagulans, 'Milk' relates to the plant’s traditional use in coagulating milk to produce cheese. This highlights the dual purposes of the plant, serving both culinary uses and medicinal applications, reflecting the multifaceted nature of herbal ingredients in various domains.

23) Life:
The term 'Life' in this context could refer to the traditional name given to Withania coagulans, 'tukhm-e-hayat' or 'fruit of life.' This indicates the significant cultural perception of the plant as a symbol of health and vitality within traditional medicine, reinforcing its importance in natural healing.

24) Trigonella foenum-graecum:
Trigonella foenum-graecum, commonly known as fenugreek, is another medicinal herb referenced in conjunction with Withania coagulans. This highlights the exploration of various plant species for their pharmacological benefits, promoting comparative studies that may lead to synergistic effects in herbal treatments.

25) Tinospora cordifolia:
Tinospora cordifolia is another plant used in traditional medicine, often explored alongside Withania species. Their combined therapeutic potential in treating diseases underscores the importance of examining multiple herbs for holistic treatment strategies in contemporary pharmacotherapy and natural healing.

26) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological relates to the study of drug action and the effects of chemical compounds on biological systems. The exploration of Withania coagulans from a pharmacological perspective highlights the significance of understanding plant-based therapies and their roles in modern pharmaceutical developments.

27) Pharmacology:
Pharmacology is the branch of medicine concerned with the study of drug action and their effects on organisms. Understanding the pharmacological properties of Withania coagulans contributes to the knowledge base needed for developing effective herbal therapies, integrating traditional uses with contemporary scientific methodologies.

28) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a biological response that can enhance or impede disease processes, including cancer. The study of Withania coagulans may encompass its ability to modulate inflammatory responses, revealing potential therapeutic pathways for treating cancer and other inflammatory diseases with herbal remedies.

29) Srivastava (Sri-vastava, Shrivastava, Shri-vastava):
Srivastava refers to an author involved in studies regarding Withania coagulans. Their contributions are essential for advancing knowledge in herbal medicine, linking traditional uses of plants to modern experimental evidence, and fostering a broader understanding of the therapeutic potentials inherent in natural products.

30) Science (Scientific):
The term 'Science' in this context implies the systematic study and investigation of biological phenomena. The investigation of Withania coagulans within scientific frameworks helps bridge the gap between traditional applications and modern therapeutic strategies, enhancing understanding of plant-based treatments in health and disease.

31) Rajasthan:
Rajasthan is one of the regions in India where Withania coagulans is found. Its inclusion highlights the geographical significance of indigenous plants in local medicine and the relevance of regional flora in the broader context of pharmacological research and traditional healing practices.

32) Container:
In the context of this study, 'Container' likely refers to the storage and preservation of methanolic extracts of Withania coagulans. Proper storage is crucial for maintaining the biological efficacy of plant extracts, supporting reliable experimental research outcomes in pharmacological applications.

33) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a class of bioactive compounds present in many plants, including those in the Withania genus. They contribute to the overall medicinal properties of the plants, warranting further investigation into their effects and interactions within cancer therapies and other therapeutic areas.

34) Keshari (Kesari, Kesha-ari):
Keshari may refer to a researcher involved with the study of Withania coagulans. The mention of authors underscores the importance of academic research in furthering understanding and expanding the applications of herbal medicine, linking historical wisdom with contemporary scientific inquiries.

35) Punjab:
Punjab is another region in India where Withania coagulans is found. Documenting such locations provides insight into the biodiversity of medicinal plants and the traditional practices surrounding their use, thereby bolstering efforts to incorporate indigenous knowledge into current scientific research frameworks.

36) Family:
In botanical taxonomy, 'Family' refers to the broader classification that encompasses multiple related genera. Withania belongs to the Solanaceae family, indicating its connection to other plants with similar phytochemical properties, aiding in the classification and understanding of plant biology and therapeutic potential.

37) Animal:
The term 'Animal' may refer to the use of normal cell lines derived from animals for the study of pharmaceuticals. Understanding how plant extracts affect animal-derived cells is crucial for determining the potential impact of these extracts in human health applications, bridging preclinical research and human medicine.

38) Powder:
The term 'Powder' refers to the powdered form of dried Withania coagulans fruits that are prepared for extraction. This process is essential for deriving phytochemicals effectively, demonstrating key steps in herbal medicine preparation and the importance of extraction techniques in pharmacological research.

39) Water:
Water is a fundamental solvent used in many biological processes. In the context of this study, it is likely employed during the extraction processes or as a diluent in various preparations, reinforcing the significance of proper solvent use in research to yield effective herbal extracts.

40) Eagle:
The inclusion of 'Eagle' could allude to the nickname for Vero cells, which are derived from the African green monkey. The connection emphasizes the importance of using established cell lines in research to validate the safety and efficacy of herbal extracts in cancer studies.

41) Hela (Helá):
Hela refers to a widely used human cell line in cancer research. Its mention, along with the MDA-MB-231 line, emphasizes the use of multiple cell types to corroborate findings in cancer studies, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the potential effects of Withania coagulans extracts.

42) Alam (Alaṁ):
Alam may reference a researcher contributing to the studies of Withania coagulans. The mention of various contributors highlights the collaborative approach in scientific research, reinforcing the dynamic exchange of knowledge and experiences in the field of pharmacology and traditional medicine.

43) Pune:
Pune is the location where cell lines, including Vero and MDA-MB-231, were acquired for the study. The city serves as an academic and research hub in India, contributing to advancements in biomedical research and fostering collaborations that enhance our understanding of medicinal plants.

44) Hand:
The mention of 'Hand' likely refers to manual procedures in sample preparation or extraction processes, highlighting the importance of careful handling in research. It underscores the significance of precision in laboratory work when evaluating the efficacy of herbal extracts in therapeutic applications.

45) Salt (Salty):
The mention of 'Salt' could pertain to the environmental conditions under which certain plants grow or may relate to the extraction and preparation of herbal remedies. Salt's role in various biological processes acknowledges the importance of environmental factors in influencing phytochemical composition and efficacy.

46) Tota:
Doda is a colloquial term often associated with Withania coagulans in traditional contexts. This reflects the cultural significance of the plant and its roots in local herbal medicine practices, highlighting the intersection of traditional knowledge and scientific research in evaluating plant-based therapies.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Apoptotic effects of Withania coagulans extract on cancer and Vero cells’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Natural product, Complementary Medicine, Anticancer activity, Cancer therapy, Cell viability, IC50 value, Methanolic extract, Withanolides, Cytotoxicity assay, Plant-based remedies, Toxic effect, Tryphan blue dye exclusion method, HPLC profiling, Withaferin A, Novel drug, Significant in vitro activity, Human breast cancer, Apoptotic activity.

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