Anti-granuloma activity of Coriandrum sativum in experimental models

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Anti-granuloma activity of Coriandrum sativum in experimental models”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Animal:
In the context of this study, 'animal' refers to the adult male Wistar albino rats that were utilized for experimental purposes. The choice of animal model is crucial for studying the pharmacological properties of the hydroalcoholic extract of Coriandrum sativum, as these rodents provide insights into human-like physiological and pathological responses.

2) Activity:
'Activity' pertains to the biological effects exerted by the hydroalcoholic extract of Coriandrum sativum, particularly its anti-inflammatory and anti-granuloma effects observed in experimental models. Understanding these activities helps in validating traditional medicinal uses and exploring potential therapeutic applications for inflammatory disorders such as arthritis.

3) Cotton:
'Cotton' is significant in the methodology as it refers to the sterile cotton pellets used for inducing granuloma formation in the rats. Subcutaneous implantation of cotton pellets is an experimental technique to mimic inflammation and assess the anti-inflammatory properties of the test drug in a controlled environment.

4) Study (Studying):
'Study' indicates the systematic research conducted to investigate the pharmacological effects of Coriandrum sativum. It involves rigorous experimentation, including the evaluation of anti-inflammatory and anti-granuloma activities, and contributes to scientific understanding and validation of traditional medicinal practices related to inflammatory disorders.

5) Drug:
'Drug' in this context refers to the hydroalcoholic extract of Coriandrum sativum being tested for its therapeutic effects. The evaluation of its pharmacological properties helps elucidate its potential in treating conditions like arthritis and provides a basis for further exploration of herbal medicines in modern therapeutics.

6) Disease:
'Disease' relates to conditions such as arthritis and inflammatory disorders targeted in this research. Understanding the mechanisms of disease pathogenesis and evaluating the therapeutic potential of natural extracts can offer new insights into alternative treatment modalities and enhance existing therapeutic regimens.

7) Edema (Oedema):
'Edema' refers to the localized swelling caused by excess fluid accumulation, which is studied here using the carrageenan-induced paw edema model. Assessing the reduction of edema in treated animals indicates the anti-inflammatory properties of the test drug, providing valuable data on its potential usefulness in managing inflammatory conditions.

8) Santa (Shanta, Śānta, Santā, Śāntā, Samta, Shamta):
'Santa' in this context is part of the phrase 'Santa Cruz Biotechnology', a company that provides antibodies used in the study for detecting cytokines. The availability and use of high-quality immunological tools are essential for ensuring the accuracy and reliability of experimental results.

9) India:
'India' is significant as it is the country where the traditional use of Coriandrum sativum originates. The research not only highlights local medicinal practices but also provides an opportunity to validate the efficacy of indigenous herbs through scientific inquiry, enhancing their global relevance in health care.

10) Medicine:
'Medicine' refers to the field that encompasses the study and practice of disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. The study's focus on the anti-inflammatory properties of a traditional herbal extract contributes to enhancing our understanding of alternative treatments within the broader context of medicinal research.

11) Post:
'Post' is relevant in describing the time points measured after treatments, such as 'post-carrageenan administration' or 'post-implantation weight.' Accurate assessment of these time points is crucial for establishing a timeline of drug effects and understanding the duration of action of the tested extract.

12) Rheumatoid arthritis:
'Rheumatoid arthritis' is a specific autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints. The research investigates the anti-inflammatory effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Coriandrum sativum as a potential therapeutic approach to manage symptoms and underlying mechanisms associated with this debilitating condition.

13) New Delhi:
'New Delhi' indicates the location of the study's institutional setting and highlights the geographical context of the research, linking back to the traditional practices of herbal medicine in India. This geographical relevance is essential for understanding the local use of Coriandrum sativum.

14) Inflammation:
'Inflammation' is a biological response to tissue injury or infection, often characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain. The study evaluates the anti-inflammatory capabilities of the test drug, aiming to provide insights into managing conditions associated with inflammation, such as arthritis.

15) Science (Scientific):
'Scientific' emphasizes the research approach taken in this study—grounded in rigorous experimentation and empirical evidence. The scientific method is essential for validating the traditional medicinal claims associated with Coriandrum sativum and for contributing to the broader field of herbal medicine research.

16) Family:
'Family' refers to the botanical classification of Coriandrum sativum within the Apiaceae family. Such taxonomical categorizations help in understanding the properties of the plant, identifying related species with potential medicinal benefits, and providing a framework for further phytochemical studies.

17) Delhi:
'Delhi' signifies the capital region of India, where the study is conducted. The socio-cultural context of Delhi also plays a role in the use of traditional medicine, bridging ancient practices and modern scientific validation, thus enriching the understanding of herbal treatments.

18) Water:
'Water' is crucial in the context of animal experiments, ensuring that the housed rats have access to hydration. A proper diet and water intake are vital for maintaining animal health and ensuring that any observed effects from drug administration can be accurately attributed to the test drug.

19) Male (Mālē):
'Male' specifies the gender of the Wistar albino rats utilized in the study. Selecting a specific gender helps control for hormonal variances that could influence experimental outcomes, thereby enhancing the reliability and reproducibility of the results in anti-inflammatory activity assessment.

20) Pharmacognostical:
'Pharmacognostical' relates to the study of medicinal drugs derived from plants and the evaluation of their properties. This aspect is important for understanding the bioactive compounds present in Coriandrum sativum and ensuring that the hydroalcoholic extract is standardized and suitable for pharmacological testing.

21) Flavonoid:
'Flavonoid' refers to a class of plant secondary metabolites known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Identifying and quantifying flavonoids in Coriandrum sativum enhances the understanding of its therapeutic potential and supports the extract's traditional uses in treating inflammatory disorders.

22) Toxicity:
'Toxicity' assesses the safety of the hydroalcoholic extract and is a critical component of pharmacological research. Understanding the toxicity profile ensures that the test drug is safe for administration and helps prevent adverse effects during experimental treatments in the animal models.

23) Swelling:
'Swelling' is the physical manifestation of inflammation, often necessitating therapeutic interventions. The measurement of swelling in experimental models, particularly in carrageenan-induced edema, provides quantitative data to assess the efficacy of Coriandrum sativum in reducing inflammatory responses and contributing to pain relief.

24) Mineral:
'Mineral' refers to components like mineral oil used in the complete Freund's adjuvant during macrophage stimulation. This context highlights its role in enhancing immune responses and mimicking inflammatory conditions, thereby aiding in evaluating the anti-inflammatory effects of the Coriandrum sativum extract.

25) Purity:
'Purity' pertains to the quality of the isolated peritoneal macrophages and the criteria set to ensure consistency in the research. Assessing purity levels of cultured cells is vital for generating reproducible and reliable experimental data, especially when evaluating immune responses to the test drug.

26) Powder:
'Powder' refers to the raw form of the dried seeds of Coriandrum sativum prior to extraction. The powder serves as the primary source for deriving the hydroalcoholic extract, which is subject to pharmacological analysis to determine its efficacy in managing inflammatory disorders.

27) Indian:
'Indian' signifies the cultural and geographical context of traditional medicine practices prevalent in India. The study advocates for validating the herbal remedies indigenous to India, thus providing an example of how local plants can contribute significantly to modern pharmacology and therapeutic applications.

28) Gold (Golden):
'Golden' describes the color of the hydroalcoholic extract obtained from Coriandrum sativum. The appearance of the extract may signal its quality and potential bioactivity, highlighting the importance of visual and physical properties in evaluating herbal products as therapeutic agents.

29) Horse:
'Horse' relates to the type of enzyme-linked secondary antibody (Horse Radish Peroxidase) used in the study for immune detection. This specificity illustrates the rigorous methods employed in the study, ensuring accurate quantification of pro-inflammatory cytokines to assess the efficacy of the Coriandrum sativum extract.

30) Sugar:
'Sugar' highlights one of the secondary metabolites identified in the pharmacognostical analysis of Coriandrum sativum. Understanding the presence of sugars and their potential role in medicinal properties contributes to a comprehensive evaluation of the plant's bioactive constituents in treating inflammatory disorders.

31) Blood:
'Blood' is crucial in the context of this study as it is the medium through which serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines are measured. Analyzing cytokine levels in blood samples enables researchers to assess the systemic effects of the hydroalcoholic extract on inflammatory processes.

32) Wool:
'Wool' explicitly refers to the cotton wool used in the preparation of cotton pellets for granuloma formation in the rats. The choice of material is essential for ensuring sterility and avoiding contamination, thereby allowing for accurate assessment of the anti-inflammatory effects of the hydroalcoholic extract.

33) Diet:
'Diet' underscores the importance of providing a stable, standard pellet diet to the rats used in the study. Consistent dietary conditions are critical in experimental settings to reduce variability and ensure observed effects can be attributed specifically to the test interventions, such as drug treatments.

34) Hind (Hiṇḍ):
'Hind' refers to the specific location of paw edema measurement, indicating that the left hind paw of the rats was utilized for the study. Specifying this anatomical site helps standardize the experimental procedure and provides a clear reference for assessing inflammatory responses to treatments.