Shatahvadi Basti and Dhum Nasya in Labor Augmentation: A Case Study
Journal name: Ayushdhara
Original article title: The Effect of Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti and Dhum Nasya in Augmentation of Labor - A Case Study
AYUSHDHARA is an international peer-reviewed journal. It focuses on research in Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, Allopathy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
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Mehra Pratibha
PG Scholar, Dept. of Prasuti tantra evum Striroga, RGGPG Ayurvedic college and Hospital, Paprola, H.P. India
Kapil Soni
Associate Professor, Dept. of Prasuti tantra evum Striroga, RGGPG Ayurvedic college and Hospital, Paprola, H.P. India
Ayushdhara:
(A peer-reviewed, bi-monthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: The Effect of Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti and Dhum Nasya in Augmentation of Labor - A Case Study
Year: 2023 | Doi: 10.47070/ayushdhara.v10iSuppl3.1254
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Download the PDF file of the original publication
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Labor is a natural physiological process marked by intense pain and potential complications that can arise due to various factors affecting anatomy and physiology. Ayurveda has significant insights into managing labor pain and facilitating a smooth delivery through interventions referred to as Prasava Paricharya. In a case study presented, a 26-year-old multigravida female experienced prolonged labor without substantial progress after 12 hours. The treatment involved Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti, as described by Acharya Vagbhata, and Dhum Nasya, advocated by Acharya Kashyapa, aimed at augmenting the labor process and resulting in a successful delivery.
Efficacy of Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti
The intervention of Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti was administered during the latent phase of labor, which provided significant relief. The primary contents of the Basti included herbs rich in katu-tikta (bitter) properties, aimed at stimulating the labor process. The results indicated that within one hour after administration, there was an observed increase in the intensity of contractions and satisfactory cervical dilation. Measurements showed the duration of the first stage of labor decreased, with improved cervical conditions noted, leading to effective cervical softening and increased dilation—facilitating the labor progression significantly.
Role of Dhum Nasya
In the active phase, Dhum Nasya was applied as an adjunct therapy, utilizing medicated fumes made from Bhurjapatra, Nameru, and Guggul. This nasal administration targets the brain's hypothalamic region, potentially enhancing the production of oxytocin, which is critical for labor. The use of Dhum Nasya contributed to regulating the contractions and promoting further cervical effacement and dilation. The combination of this treatment alongside the previously administered Basti effectively reduced the overall time taken for labor, leading to an uncomplicated delivery.
Conclusion
The case study illustrates the efficacy of using Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti along with Dhum Nasya in the augmentation of labor, which resulted in reduced overall labor duration and improved cervical conditions. The successful outcomes not only highlight the significance of Ayurvedic interventions in managing labor complications but also suggest that such treatments can promote a Sukha Prasava (pleasant delivery). This reinforces the importance of integrating traditional methods into modern obstetric practices, especially for enhancing maternal and fetal outcomes in childbirth.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What treatments were used for labor augmentation in the case study?
The case study utilized Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti and Dhum Nasya to augment the labor process, aiming to reduce pain and duration. These treatments were administered during the latent and active phases of labor.
What were the outcomes of the treatment on labor duration?
The outcomes demonstrated a reduction in labor duration, with the first stage lasting 5 hours and the second stage lasting 15 minutes. Overall, the interventions significantly improved cervical effacement and dilatation, contributing to a successful delivery.
How did Dhum Nasya and Shatahvadi Basti affect labor progress?
Dhum Nasya and Shatahvadi Basti facilitated cervical softening and enhanced contraction intensity, leading to increased dilation and improved fetal descent. This effect contributed to an efficient labor process culminating in a smooth delivery.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Shatahvadi Basti and Dhum Nasya in Labor Augmentation: A Case Study”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Basti:
Basti in Ayurveda refers to a therapeutic enema used to cleanse the intestines and balance Vata dosha. In the case study, Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti was used to augment labor by promoting proper descent and rotation of the fetal head through cleansing and supporting Apana Vata.
2) Katu:
Katu is one of the six primary tastes in Ayurveda, translating to 'pungent'. In the context of the case study, Katu-tikta rasa (pungent-bitter taste) is noted for its properties in the efficacy of the drugs used for interventions such as Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti.
3) Nasya (Nashya):
Nasya is a practice in Ayurveda involving administering medicinal substances through the nasal passage. In the case study, Dhum Nasya was used during labor to enhance the neural and hormonal regulation required for effective labor progression by influencing the Shiras (head).
4) Asthapana:
Asthapana is a type of Basti (enema) used for therapeutic purgation in Ayurveda. The Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti mentioned in the case study was employed to augment labor, facilitating uterine contractions and aiding in the expulsion process of the fetus.
5) Shatahvadi (Satahvadi, Shatahva-adi):
[see source text or glossary: Shatahvadi]
6) Ushna (Usna):
Ushna means 'hot' or 'warm' in Ayurvedic terminology. In the study, the Ushna veerya (hot potency) of the medicinal ingredients like Shatahvadi kwatha and other substances used contributed to promoting labor through their heating effects that support Apana Vata.
7) Tikta:
Tikta refers to the 'bitter' taste in Ayurveda. In the intervention for labor augmentation, the Tikta rasa of certain drugs contributed to balancing doshas and promoting proper physiological responses, particularly aiding in the efficiency of Basti therapy.
8) Pain:
Pain during labor is a significant challenge, often managed through various medical and traditional interventions. The case study aimed to assess the reduction of pain and labor duration through Ayurvedic treatments like Basti and Nasya, ultimately facilitating a smoother labor experience.
9) Prasava:
Prasava refers to labor or childbirth in Ayurveda. The study focused on interventions like Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti and Dhum Nasya to augment and facilitate Prasava, ensuring the safe and timely delivery of the baby by correcting any delays in labor progression.
10) Katutikta (Katu-tikta):
[see source text or glossary: Katu-tikta]
11) Drug:
In the context of the case study, drugs refer to the Ayurvedic medicinal preparations used, such as Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti and Dhum Nasya, which encompass various herbs and substances aimed at augmenting labor by regulating biological functions.
12) Prasuti:
Prasuti refers to the field of obstetrics in Ayurveda. The case study was conducted in the Prasuti Tantra evum Striroga department, applying traditional Ayurvedic methods to assist in childbirth, emphasizing interventions to ease labor and manage any complications.
13) Dravya:
Dravya in Ayurveda refers to the substances or ingredients used in treatments. The case study lists various Dravyas (like Shatpushpa, Vacha, etc.) used in Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti, each with specific properties to aid in the effective management of labor.
14) Vata:
Vata is one of the three primary doshas in Ayurveda, governing movement and nervous system functions. In the case study, interventions aimed to balance Apana Vata, which plays a crucial role in labor by ensuring efficient contractions and fetal expulsion.
15) Tilataila (Tila-taila):
Tila-taila is sesame oil used in Ayurvedic treatments. In the study, Tila-taila was used for Sthanika Abhyanga (local massage) to relax pelvic muscles, reduce labor pain, and facilitate smooth delivery by promoting proper functioning of Apana Vata.
16) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda, the traditional system of medicine from India, forms the basis of the study, utilizing treatments like Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti and Dhum Nasya for augmenting labor. The study illustrates how ancient Ayurvedic practices can effectively manage childbirth.
17) Vagbhata:
Acharya Vagbhata is a prominent Ayurvedic scholar whose works include Asthapana Basti for managing labor. In the case study, his guidelines were referenced to employ Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti to augment labor, ensuring a smoother and uninterrupted childbirth process.
18) Abhyanga (Abhyamga):
Abhyanga is the Ayurvedic practice of therapeutic massage. In the study, Sthanika Abhyanga (localized massage) with Tila Taila was used to alleviate labor pain and promote effective descent of the fetus by regulating Apana Vata during labor.
19) Liquor:
Liquor refers to the amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus. In the case study, the status of liquor (clear or otherwise) was monitored to ensure fetal well-being and detect any complications, such as during the spontaneous rupture of membranes mentioned.
20) Taila (Thaila):
[see source text or glossary: Taila]
21) Pulse:
Pulse rate is an important vital sign monitored during labor to assess maternal and fetal health. The case study tracked the pulse rate alongside other vitals, ensuring that both mother and child remained stable throughout the delivery process.
22) Blood:
Blood pressure and other blood parameters were monitored to ensure the mother’s health during labor. The case study mentioned the patient’s BP and pulse were normal, contributing to the effective management of labor progression through Ayurvedic interventions.
23) Tila:
[see source text or glossary: Tila]
24) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa refers to taste, an essential concept in Ayurveda affecting the body's physiology. In the case study, Katu-tikta rasa drugs were used in Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti, as these tastes help in stimulating Apana Vata and facilitate smooth labor progression.
25) Apanavata (Apana-vata):
[see source text or glossary: Apanavata]
26) Sarshapa (Sarsapa):
[see source text or glossary: Sarshapa]
27) Pippali (Pippalin):
[see source text or glossary: Pippali]
28) Kushtha (Kustha):
[see source text or glossary: Kushtha]
29) Kashaya (Kasaya):
[see source text or glossary: Kashaya]
30) Tantra (Tamtra, Tantrism):
In the title Prasuti Tantra evum Striroga, Tantra refers to the system or framework of obstetric and gynecological practices in Ayurveda. The case study is based on Ayurvedic tantra, focusing on traditional methods to manage pregnancy and labor.
31) Vipaka:
Vipaka is the post-digestive effect of a substance in Ayurveda. In the case study, Katu (pungent) Vipaka of the drugs used in Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti played a crucial role in accelerating labor by enhancing the effects on Apana Vata.
32) Kalka:
[see source text or glossary: Kalka]
33) Sira (Shira):
Shira means 'head' in Ayurveda. In the context of the case study, nasal treatments (Nasya) were used to influence the Shiras, impacting brain centers to enhance labor processes, highlighting the systemic approach of Ayurveda in maternal care.
34) Hingu (Himgu):
[see source text or glossary: Hingu]
35) Sukha:
Sukha means 'ease' or 'comfort' in Sanskrit. In the study, the term Sukha Prasava refers to an easy and uncomplicated childbirth achieved through interventions like Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti and Dhum Nasya, ensuring a smooth labor process.
36) Apana:
Apana is a subtype of Vata dosha responsible for downward movements, essential for childbirth. Interventions in the case study aimed to bolster Apana to ensure effective labor contractions and facilitate the baby’s descent through the birth canal.
37) Bastikarman (Bastikarma, Basti-karman, Basti-karma):
Basti-karma refers to the practice of administering enemas in Ayurveda. The case study used Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti as part of its treatment to cleanse the bowels and support Apana Vata, paving the way for easier and effective labor.
38) Anulomana:
Anulomana in Ayurveda refers to the proper direction of bodily doshas, particularly Vata, facilitating normal physiological functions. In the case study, interventions aimed at Anulomana of Vata to regulate labor contractions and ensure a smooth delivery.
39) Striroga (Stri-roga):
[see source text or glossary: Striroga]
40) Knowledge:
[see source text or glossary: Knowledge]
41) Shatahva (Satahva):
[see source text or glossary: Shatahva]
42) Sthanika:
Sthanika refers to something localized. In the study, Sthanika Abhyanga is localized massage around the pelvic region using Tila Taila to ease labor pains, reduce pelvic tension, and facilitate a smoother delivery by aiding Apana Vata regulation.
43) Madhura:
[see source text or glossary: Madhura]
44) Samhita:
Samhita in Ayurveda refers to classical texts. The case study referenced Ayurvedic Samhitas like those by Acharya Vagbhata and Acharya Kashyap for guidelines on using Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti and Dhum Nasya to manage and augment the labor process.
45) Parshva (Parsva):
Parshva refers to the sides of the body. The case study employed Sthanika Abhyanga on Parshva (alongside other regions) to help manage labor pain, promote fetal descent, and support Apana Vata by massaging these specific body areas with Tila Taila.
46) Shigru (Sigru):
[see source text or glossary: Shigru]
47) Sthana:
[see source text or glossary: Sthana]
48) Sakthi:
Sakthi refers to the thighs. In the case study, Sthanika Abhyanga was performed on Sakthi (along with other regions) to facilitate labor, promoting the descent of the fetus and relieving pain by massaging with warm oils to regulate Vata dosha.
49) Family:
The family history section in the case study refers to the medical history of the patient’s family, which was free of significant issues. Understanding family history is crucial in anticipating and managing any hereditary or familial health risks during labor.
50) Karma (Karman):
Karma in this context refers to therapeutic actions or procedures. Ayurvedic interventions like Basti-karma (enema therapy) were employed in the case study to facilitate labor by regulating bodily functions, demonstrating the practical applications of Ayurvedic Karma.
51) Ajaji:
[see source text or glossary: Ajaji]
52) Birth:
Birth or Prasava is the process of delivering a baby. The case study focused on Ayurvedic interventions to facilitate normal birth, managing labor pains and complications through treatments like Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti and Dhum Nasya, ensuring safe childbirth.
53) Vaca:
[see source text or glossary: Vacha]
54) Roga:
Roga means disease. In the case study, Prasuti Tantra evum Stri Roga is the department managing labor and delivery, leveraging Ayurvedic treatments to prevent and manage Roga (diseases or complications) during childbirth for favorable maternal and fetal outcomes.
55) Kati:
Kati refers to the waist or lower back. In the case study, Sthanika Abhyanga was performed on the Kati region using Tila Taila, aiming to relieve labor pains, promote efficient contractions, and support fetal descent by influencing Apana Vata.
56) Kala:
[see source text or glossary: Kala]
57) Saindhavalavana (Saindhava-lavana, Saimdhavalavana):
[see source text or glossary: Saindhavalavana]
58) Sharirasthana (Sarirasthana, Sharira-sthana):
Sharira-sthana refers to a section in Ayurvedic texts that deals with anatomy and physiology. In the case study, references from Ashtanga Hridayam Sharira Sthana guided the Ayurvedic interventions used to manage and augment labor effectively.
59) Bastishodhana (Bastisodhana, Basti-shodhana):
Basti-sodhana refers to the cleansing action of enema therapy. In the case study, Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti was used as a Basti-sodhana to cleanse the intestines and support Apana Vata, enhancing the labor process through therapeutic purgation.
60) Vatadosha (Vatadosa, Vata-dosha):
Vata-dosha is one of the three fundamental bodily humors in Ayurveda, controlling movement and flow. Interventions in the case study aimed to balance Vata-dosha, particularly Apana Vata, to ensure effective labor contractions and facilitate smooth childbirth.
61) Discussion:
The discussion section of the case study analyzes the effectiveness of Ayurvedic interventions in augmenting labor. The treatments targeted Vata dosha regulation, pain reduction, and labor progression, concluding that these traditional methods significantly aid in facilitating childbirth.
62) Saindhava (Saimdhava):
[see source text or glossary: Saindhava]
63) Apanavayu (Apana-vayu):
[see source text or glossary: Apanavayu]
64) Katurasa (Katu-rasa):
[see source text or glossary: Katu-rasa]
65) Garbhini:
Garbhini means pregnant woman. The case study follows the treatment of a Garbhini experiencing delayed labor, employing Ayurvedic interventions such as Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti and Dhum Nasya to augment labor and ensure the safe delivery of the fetus.
66) Makshika (Maksika):
[see source text or glossary: Makshika]
67) Kashyapa (Kasyapa, Kashya-pa, Kashyapanamdana):
Acharya Kashyapa is an authoritative figure in Ayurvedic pediatrics and obstetrics. The case study references his guidelines on Dhum Nasya for labor augmentation, highlighting his contributions to traditional methods for managing childbirth.
68) Godugdha:
[see source text or glossary: Godugdha]
69) Ashtanga (Astanga, Ashtan-anga):
Ashtanga refers to the eight limbs of Ayurveda, often associated with texts like Ashtanga Hridayam. In the case study, Ashtanga Hridayam was referenced for guidance on Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti to manage delayed labor, showcasing ancient holistic medical practices.
70) Vomiting:
Vomiting is a common symptom monitored during pregnancy and labor. The case study noted the absence of nausea and vomiting during the patient's menstrual history and ANC check-ups, indicating stable health conditions crucial for a safe pregnancy and delivery.
71) Pregnant:
Pregnant refers to the state of carrying a fetus. The case study involves a pregnant woman at 38 weeks experiencing delayed labor, where Ayurvedic interventions like Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti and Dhum Nasya were employed to facilitate smooth childbirth.
72) Shodhana (Sodhana):
Sodhana refers to purification therapies in Ayurveda. Shatahvadi Asthapana Basti in the case study acted as a Sodhana treatment, cleansing the intestines and supporting Apana Vata, thereby enhancing the labor process and ensuring an uncomplicated delivery.
73) Gomutra (Go-mutra):
[see source text or glossary: Gomutra]
74) Prakrit (Prakrt):
[see source text or glossary: Prakrit]
75) Sharira (Sarira):
Sharira refers to the body. The case study's interventions, detailed in Sharira Sthana sections of Ayurvedic texts, are aimed at understanding and controlling bodily functions like Vata regulation to facilitate efficient labor and childbirth practices.
[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 98]
Other Science Concepts:
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