Comparative Antimicrobial Study of Deepika Rasa Preparations
Journal name: Ayushdhara
Original article title: A Comparative Antimicrobial Study of Deepika Rasa Prepared by two Different Methods
AYUSHDHARA is an international peer-reviewed journal. It focuses on research in Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, Allopathy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
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Deepika Upadhyay
Lecturer, Dept. of Ras shastra & B.K., MJF Ayurved College, Chomu, Rajasthan.
K.Shankar Rao
Dean and Professor, Dept. of Ras shastra & B.K., Vijyashree Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital, Jabalur, Madhya Pradesh .
Ayushdhara:
(A peer-reviewed, bi-monthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: A Comparative Antimicrobial Study of Deepika Rasa Prepared by two Different Methods
Year: 2022 | Doi: 10.47070/ayushdhara.v9iSuppl1.1038
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Infectious diseases continue to pose significant challenges to human health, prompting a rise in the production and usage of antibiotics derived from microbial sources. However, the synthetic antimicrobial agents often lead to local irritations and hypersensitivity reactions, while misuse results in emerging microbial resistance. This necessitates the exploration of alternative solutions. The study conducted by Deepika Upadhyay and K. Shankar Rao focuses on Deepika rasa, an Ayurvedic organo-mineral preparation historically used for treating various diseases, including fevers. Despite being underutilized in modern practice due to a lack of standardized formulations, the researchers aim to scientifically validate its antimicrobial properties against common pathogenic bacteria.
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Deepika Rasa
The study compared two formulations of Deepika rasa prepared through different methods: one based on the traditional recipe from Rasa Ratan Samuccaya (D1) and another modified formula (D2) that includes Rasa Sindoora instead of the traditional Parad and Gandhak. Both formulations underwent antimicrobial testing against five pathogenic bacteria: Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi, using the well-diffusion method. Results indicated that formulation D1 exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes, particularly at 12.5% concentration, while D2 showed promising results against Salmonella Typhi and Staphylococcus aureus.
Comparative Analysis of Formulations
A detailed analysis revealed variations in antimicrobial activity between the two formulations. Deepika rasa D1 demonstrated remarkable effectiveness against Streptococcus pyogenes across all tested concentrations, marking it as highly sensitive. In contrast, D2 showed enhanced results against Salmonella Typhi and Staphylococcus aureus, indicating its potential as a more reliable treatment option against certain pathogens. Both formulations, when tested, exhibited moderate sensitivity against E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The differences in efficacy can be attributed to the distinct ingredients used in each formulation—especially the use of Rasa Sindoora in D2, which enhances its antibacterial properties.
Conclusion
The comparative study highlights the potential of Deepika rasa as a safe and effective alternative to conventional antibiotics. While formulation D1 is particularly effective against Streptococcus pyogenes, formulation D2 shows superiority in combating Salmonella Typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. This research emphasizes the importance of traditional Ayurvedic preparations and the need for their scientific validation, paving the way for future studies that could explore more sophisticated analysis methods to confirm and enhance the therapeutic benefits of Deepika rasa in managing infections. The results encourage a reconsideration of Ayurvedic remedies in modern medicine, particularly for antibiotic-resistant infections.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the purpose of the antimicrobial study on Deepika Rasa?
The study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of two formulations of Deepika Rasa, prepared by different methods, against common pathogenic bacteria that cause infections and fever.
How were Deepika Rasa 1 and Deepika Rasa 2 prepared?
Deepika Rasa 1 was prepared following Rasa Ratan Samuccaya using traditional ingredients, while Deepika Rasa 2 was modified, substituting Rasa Sindoora for Parad and Gandhak, enhancing potency.
What were the findings regarding antimicrobial effectiveness of Deepika Rasa?
The study found that Deepika Rasa 1 was highly effective against Streptococcus pyogenes, while Deepika Rasa 2 showed better results against Salmonella Typhi and Staphylococcus aureus, indicating variable effectiveness based on formulation.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Comparative Antimicrobial Study of Deepika Rasa Preparations”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Rasa (Rasha):
In the study, 'Rasa' refers to the organo-mineral preparations used in Ayurvedic medicine, specifically Deepika rasa, which aims to address various diseases including fever through its antimicrobial properties.
2) Aureus:
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the pathogenic bacteria strains tested against Deepika rasa 1 and 2. Its sensitivity to the formulations highlights the antibacterial efficacy of the Ayurvedic medicine being studied.
3) Drug:
In the context of the article, 'drug' refers to the Ayurvedic preparations Deepika rasa 1 and 2 being evaluated for their antimicrobial properties against different bacterial strains.
4) Lavana:
Lavana, such as Saindhav lavana and Souvarchal lavana, are salts used as ingredients in the formulation of Deepika rasa. These contribute to the antimicrobial properties of the medicine.
5) Medicine:
The study examines Ayurvedic medicine, specifically Deepika rasa, for its potential as a safe and effective antimicrobial drug. The goal is to find an alternative to synthetic antibiotics.
6) Blood:
Blood refers to the Blood Agar medium used for culturing Streptococcus pyogenes in the antimicrobial study conducted with Deepika rasa formulations.
7) Nagabhasma (Naga-bhasma):
Naga-bhasma is an ash form of lead used as an ingredient in both formulations of Deepika rasa. It's involved in the antimicrobial properties being tested in the study.
8) Samuccaya:
Rasa Ratan Samuccaya is a classical Ayurvedic text from which the formula for Deepika rasa 1 is derived. It plays a crucial role in validating the traditional medicine scientifically.
9) Pippali (Pippalin):
Pippali, or long pepper, is an ingredient used in both formulations of Deepika rasa. It is known for its medicinal properties and contributes to the drug's effectiveness.
10) Bhavana (Bha-vana):
Bhavana is a method in Ayurvedic pharmaceutics where herbal juices are used to triturate ingredients. It is employed in preparing both Deepika rasa formulations.
11) Bhasma (Bhasman):
Bhasma, such as Naga-bhasma, refers to ash obtained from metals or minerals used in Ayurvedic medicine. These are key ingredients in Deepika rasa formulations.
12) Naga (Nag):
Naga is another term for lead, and in the form of Naga-bhasma, it is used in the preparation of Deepika rasa to enhance its medicinal properties.
13) Disease:
The main aim of the Deepika rasa formulations is to treat diseases like fever by evaluating their antimicrobial activity against common pathogenic bacteria.
14) Rasashastra (Rasa-shastra, Rasasastra):
Rasashastra is the branch of Ayurveda that deals with mineral and metallic preparations. Deepika rasa, being an organo-mineral preparation, falls under this category.
15) Shastra (Sastra):
Shastra refers to scripture or science in Sanskrit. Rasashastra is the science dealing with metallic and mineral substances in Ayurvedic medicine.
16) Mardana:
Mardana involves grinding or triturating substances with a liquid. In this study, it's used to prepare Deepika rasa by mixing the ingredients thoroughly.
17) Kajjali:
Kajjali is a black powder formed by combining purified mercury (Parada) and sulfur (Gandhaka). It is used in the traditional preparation of Deepika rasa.
18) Kumari:
Kumari refers to aloe vera juice, which is used in the Bhavana process for preparing Deepika rasa, enhancing its medicinal properties.
19) Glass:
Glass refers to the glassware used, which must be sterile to prevent contamination during the preparation and evaluation of Deepika rasa formulations.
20) Fever:
Deepika rasa is indicated for 'Sarva Jwarhar Vinashanam,' which means it is used for the treatment of all kinds of fever by inhibiting pathogenic bacteria.
21) Carva:
Sarva means 'all' in Sanskrit. In the context of the study, Sarva Jwarhar Vinashanam refers to Deepika rasa being effective against all types of fever.
22) Lemon:
Lemon juice is used in the Bhavana process of Deepika rasa to enhance the efficacy of the antimicrobial Ayurvedic medicine.
23) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
The main focus of the study is the anti-bacterial properties of Deepika rasa, testing its efficacy against various pathogenic bacteria.
24) Discussion:
The discussion section of the study highlights the comparative antimicrobial effects of Deepika rasa 1 and 2, providing insights into their efficacy.
25) Rajasthan:
Rajasthan is where the study's first author, Deepika Upadhyay, is based, working at MJF Ayurved College in Chomu.
26) Gandhaka (Gamdhaka):
Gandhaka refers to sulfur, and it is a key ingredient in the traditional Deepika rasa formulation, contributing to its antimicrobial properties.
27) Rasayoga (Rasa-yoga):
Rasayoga refers to medicinal formulations involving minerals and metals in Ayurveda. Deepika rasa is one such Rasayoga aimed at treating fevers.
28) Kalpana:
Kharaleeya Kalpana is a method of Ayurvedic pill preparation that involves triturating ingredients, used in the preparation of Deepika rasa.
29) Mineral:
Minerals like Naga and sulfur are key ingredients in Deepika rasa formulations, providing them with their unique medicinal properties.
30) Madhya:
Madhya Pradesh is where the study’s second author, K. Shankar Rao, is based, working at Vijyashree Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital in Jabalpur.
31) Parada:
Parada refers to mercury, used in the traditional formulation of Deepika rasa. It's combined with sulfur to form Kajjali, a key component.
32) Jaipur:
Jaipur is where the antibacterial study of Deepika rasa was conducted at Chemind Diagnosis and Biosolution, evaluating its efficacy.
33) Nature:
The study explores the natural origins of Ayurvedic medicine, focusing on Deepika rasa's potential as a less intrusive alternative to synthetic antibiotics.
34) Animal:
Peptic digests of animal tissue are among the ingredients for nutrient broth used to culture bacterial strains in the study.
35) Cotton:
Cotton plugs are used to sterilize flasks containing nutrient media, preventing contamination during the preparation of Deepika rasa formulations.
36) Indian:
The study is grounded in Indian Ayurvedic practices, aiming to validate traditional medicines like Deepika rasa through scientific evaluation.
37) Ayus (Ayush):
AYUSH refers to Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy, the traditional systems of medicine in India, under which this research falls.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Comparative Antimicrobial Study of Deepika Rasa Preparations’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Mardana, Ayurvedic medicine, In vitro, Zone of inhibition, Pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Well diffusion method, Analytical grade chemicals, Antimicrobial Study, Sensitivity test, Salmonella Typhi, Streptococcus Pyogenes, Antibacterial action, Chemical sterilization, Herbal juice.