Study of Shodhita Guggulu in Various Shodhana Media for Guggulsterone

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Journal name: Ayushdhara
Original article title: A Comparative Pharmaceutical and Analytical Study of Shodhita Guggulu in Different Shodhana Media w.s.r. to Estimation of Guggulsterone Isomers (E&Z)
AYUSHDHARA is an international peer-reviewed journal. It focuses on research in Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, Allopathy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
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Author(s):

K.G Purushotham
Professor and HOD, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, KVG Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital, Ambatedaka, Sullia, India.
K Shruthan
Assistant Professor, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, KVG Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital, Ambatedaka, Sullia, India.
Gopakumaran K
Former PG Scholar, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, KVG Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital, Ambatedaka, Sullia, India.
M Harshitha
Professor, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, KVG Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital, Ambatedaka, Sullia, India.
G.B Rohith Krishnan
Former Assistant Professor, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, KVG Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital, Ambatedaka, Sullia, India.


Ayushdhara:

(A peer-reviewed, bi-monthly open-access journal)

Full text available for: A Comparative Pharmaceutical and Analytical Study of Shodhita Guggulu in Different Shodhana Media w.s.r. to Estimation of Guggulsterone Isomers (E&Z)

Year: 2022 | Doi: 10.47070/ayushdhara.v9i2.920

Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA 4.0


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Summary of article contents:

Introduction

The study presents a comparative pharmaceutical and analytical evaluation of Shodhitha Guggulu (purified gum resin from Commiphora wightii) using four different Shodhana (purification) methods. The research aims to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of Guggulu while understanding its poisonous characteristics through traditional Ayurvedic processes. The four purification methods employed were Guduchi kwatha, Triphala kwatha, Gomutra, and Nirgundi swarasa with Haridra choorna. The study focuses on evaluating the yield and analyzing the active components, specifically Guggulsterone isomers E and Z, using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Guggulu Shodhana and Yield

The Shodha process for Guggulu was conducted through four different media, yielding varying results. The highest yield was obtained from Triphala kwatha Shodhitha Guggulu (TKSG) at 79.6%, while the lowest came from Gomutra Shodhitha Guggulu (GMSG) at 62.4%. Each method's yield and characteristics were influenced by the nature of the media used. For instance, the gummy texture in TKSG was attributed to the fibrous particles in Triphala. The study illustrated the distinct qualities of each Shodhitha Guggulu, including differences in color, taste, and texture.

Analytical Evaluation of Guggulsterone Isomers

The second major focus of the study was the analytical profile of Guggulsterone isomers E and Z after employing different Shodhana methods. The analysis highlighted the presence of Guggulsterone E in the highest concentration in Guduchi kwatha Shodhitha Guggulu (GKSG) at 0.084%, whereas the concentration of Guggulsterone Z was most significant in GKSG and Nirgundi swarasa with Haridra choorna Shodhitha Guggulu (NHSG), both at 0.39%. These findings indicated that the purification process influences the bioactive components of Guggulu, further supporting its therapeutic potential.

Conclusion

This research concluded that different Shodhana methods significantly affect the yield and active constituents of Shodhitha Guggulu. Among the methods studied, both Guduchi kwatha and Nirgundi swarasa with Haridra choorna emerged as effective in enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of Guggulu, particularly concerning Guggulsterone isomers. The results underscore the importance of traditional practices in improving herbal drug quality, thereby paving the way for further clinical studies to explore the therapeutic applications of different Guggulu preparations.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is the aim of the study on Shodhita Guggulu?

The study aims to evaluate the pharmaceutical and analytical differences of Shodhita Guggulu purified using four distinct Shodhana methods, specifically focusing on the estimation of Guggulsterone isomers E and Z through HPLC analysis.

Which Shodhana method yielded the highest quantity of Guggulu?

The Thriphala Kwatha Shodhita Guggulu method yielded the highest quantity, at 198 grams, which corresponds to a yield of 79.6%, due to the fibrous nature of the medium aiding in the purification process.

How were the analytical properties of Shodhita Guggulu determined?

The analytical properties were determined through various tests, including pH measurement, loss on drying, ash values, and HPLC analysis to quantify Guggulsterone isomers E and Z, revealing significant differences among the samples.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Study of Shodhita Guggulu in Various Shodhana Media for Guggulsterone”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Guggulu:
Guggulu, known scientifically as Commiphora wightii, is a well-known herbal drug extensively used in Ayurveda. Its purified form, Shuddha Guggulu, is favored due to its enhanced therapeutic efficacy, particularly for treating a wide range of diseases. Guggulu contains bioactive constituents like guggulsterone isomers E and Z.

2) Shodhana (Sodhana):
Shodhana is a purification process recommended in Ayurvedic texts to remove impurities and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of substances like Guggulu. Techniques involve dissolving and filtering the material in specific media such as Guduchi Kwatha, Gomutra, or Nirgundi Swarasa utilized for pharmaceutical and analytical studies.

3) Nirgundi (Nirgumdi):
[see source text or glossary: Nirgundi]

4) Haridra:
[see source text or glossary: Haridra]

5) Gomutra (Go-mutra):
Gomutra, cow’s urine, is one of the Shodhana media used for purifying Guggulu. It's known for its distinct salty taste and mixed smell, and it reflects changes in phytochemical content like guggulsterone isomers during the purification process.

6) Triphala (Tri-phala):
Triphala is a classical Ayurvedic formulation used as a Shodhana medium. In Guggulu purification, it yields the highest amount of Shuddha Guggulu. Triphala's acidic nature impacts the pH value and leads to a distinct set of properties, including a sour taste.

7) Pottali:
[see source text or glossary: Pottali]

8) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is the ancient Indian system of medicine focusing on natural and holistic methods of health management. It involves various practices, including the purification (Shodhana) of herbs like Guggulu to enhance their therapeutic efficacies. Departments like Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana specialize in these procedures.

9) Patra:
[see source text or glossary: Patra]

10) Drug:
[see source text or glossary: Drug]

11) Bitter:
[see source text or glossary: Bitter]

12) Shuddha (Suddha):
Shuddha means 'purified' in Sanskrit. In the context of Guggulu, it refers to the process of Shodhana which removes physical and chemical impurities, resulting in a more effective herbal drug utilized in various traditional treatments.

13) Cotton:
Cotton is used as a filtration medium during the Shodhana process of Guggulu. The mixture dissolves in a chosen medium and is filtered through cotton cloth to separate impurities, facilitating the purification of the herbal drug.

14) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological refers to the branch of science concerned with drugs and their effects on the body. The study evaluates the pharmacological profile of purified Guggulu, including its guggulsterone content, to understand its therapeutic efficacy after various Shodhana processes.

15) Rasashastra (Rasa-shastra, Rasasastra):
Rasashastra is a branch of Ayurveda dealing with the preparation, purification (Shodhana), and utilization of minerals and metals in medicine. The department of Rasashastra at KVG Ayurveda Medical College focuses on these processes, including the pharmaceutical and analytical studies of Guggulu.

16) Bhaishajya (Bhaisajya):
Bhaishajya refers to medicine or medicinal preparation in Ayurveda. It is often coupled with Kalpana, which involves the pharmaceutical processes including the purification (Shodhana) of herbal and mineral substances to prepare therapeutic formulations, such as Shuddha Guggulu.

17) Kalpana:
[see source text or glossary: Kalpana]

18) Kerala:
Kerala becomes relevant as the HPLC analysis for the guggulsterone isomers in the study was conducted at Care Keralam in Thrissur, a significant center for Ayurvedic research and quality control in India.

19) Nature:
[see source text or glossary: Nature]

20) India:
India is the origin of Ayurveda, the traditional system of medicine where the purification and therapeutic usage of Guggulu is deeply rooted. The study on Shodhita Guggulu was conducted in KVG Ayurveda Medical College, Sullia, India, highlighting the regional practices.

21) Ghana:
[see source text or glossary: Ghana]

22) Commiphora wightii:
Commiphora wightii is the scientific name for Guggulu, a resin often used in Ayurvedic medicine. The resin undergoes Shodhana to remove toxins and increase its medicinal value. This plant's bioactive components, like guggulsterone isomers, provide significant therapeutic benefits.

23) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are the chemical compounds produced by plants. The study of Guggulu involves analyzing its phytochemical profile, especially the levels of guggulsterone isomers E and Z, which have shown immense pharmacological value.

24) Purification:
Purification, or Shodhana, is a process emphasized in Ayurvedic practices. Purifying substances like Guggulu increases safety and therapeutic efficacy by removing impurities through various methods using different media, such as Triphala Kwatha, Gomutra, and Nirgundi Swarasa.

25) Discussion:
Discussion in the research context involves analyzing and interpreting the results obtained from different Shodhana methods on Guggulu. It aims to understand which purification media is most effective based on various parameters such as yield, pH, and guggulsterone content.

26) Ashodhita (Asodhita):
[see source text or glossary: Ashodhita]

27) Flavonoid:
[see source text or glossary: Flavonoid]

28) Medicine:
Medicine, in this context, refers to the therapeutic formulations derived from Ayurvedic methods, including the purification of Guggulu. The process enhances the efficacy of the drug, making it safer and more effective for treating various ailments.

29) Disease:
Disease contexts the condition targeted for treatment by Ayurvedic medicine like purified Guggulu. Its therapeutic efficacy, improved through Shodhana processes, makes it a significant herbal remedy for a variety of health issues.

30) Ghrita (Ghrta):
Ghrita, or clarified butter, is mentioned as a substance used in the drying phase of Shodhana for Guggulu. It helps in drying the purified Guggulu by smearing it on a stainless steel plate to prevent sticking.

31) Dhanya:
[see source text or glossary: Dhanya]

32) Powder:
[see source text or glossary: Powder]

33) Indian:
[see source text or glossary: Indian]

34) Ayus (Ayush):
[see source text or glossary: Ayush]

35) Sugar:
[see source text or glossary: Sugar]

36) Salt (Salty):
Salty is a taste characteristic observed in the Gomutra Shodhita Guggulu. The flavor profiles of different Shodhana media affect the sensory properties of the final purified Guggulu product.

37) Veda:
Vedic relates to the ancient texts from which Ayurveda draws its principles. Guggulu usage and purification processes such as Shodhana have their origins in Vedic literature, emphasizing the safety and efficacy of herbal medicines.

38) Fire:
[see source text or glossary: Fire]

39) Sour:
Sour is a taste observed in Thriphala Kwatha Shodhita Guggulu, reflecting the influence of Triphala's acidic fruit components used as the Shodhana medium.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Study of Shodhita Guggulu in Various Shodhana Media for Guggulsterone’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Analytical study, Clinical studies, Therapeutic efficacy, Loss on drying, Pharmaceutical Study, Organoleptic evaluation, Triphala kwatha, Total ash value, Acid insoluble ash, Water soluble extractive, Alcohol-soluble extractive, HPLC Method, GUGGULU SHODHANA, Physical Impurities, Gomutra Shodhita Guggulu, Guduchi Kwatha.

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