Cytotoxicity of Adhahapushpi (Trichodesma Indicum) on Cancer Cells
Journal name: Ayushdhara
Original article title: Invitro Cytotoxicity of Various Parts of Adhahapushpi (Trichodesma Indicum Linn.R.Br.) Against 3 Cancer Cell Lines
AYUSHDHARA is an international peer-reviewed journal. It focuses on research in Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, Allopathy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
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Sarojini Byadigi
PhD Scholar, Dept. of Dravyaguna Vignana, Alva’s Ayurvedic Medical College Moodbidri, SGV Ayurvedic Medical College, Behind Minividhanasoudha, Bailhongal, Karnataka, India.
Subrahmanya P
Director, Alva's Traditional Medicine Archive (ATMA) & Research Centre, Professor & Head, Department of P G Studies in Dravyaguna, Alva's Ayurveda Medical College, Moodbidri, Karnataka, India.
Kishore G. Bhat
Professor & Head, Department of Microbiology, Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Maratha Mandal's NGH Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, Belgaum, Karnataka
Vijay Kumbar
Research Assistant, Department of Microbiology, Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Maratha Mandal's NGH Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, Belgaum, Karnataka
Ayushdhara:
(A peer-reviewed, bi-monthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: Invitro Cytotoxicity of Various Parts of Adhahapushpi (Trichodesma Indicum Linn.R.Br.) Against 3 Cancer Cell Lines
Year: 2021 | Doi: 10.47070/ayushdhara.v8i6.851
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, prompting the search for effective treatments with minimal toxicity to healthy cells. The study presented investigates the cytotoxic properties of various parts of Adhahapushpi (Trichodesma indicum Linn.R.Br.), a plant traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine for its anticancer properties, particularly against breast cancer. This research aims to explore the in vitro cytotoxicity of Adhahapushpi against three human cancer cell lines: colon cancer (HCT 116), oral cancer (KB), and skin cancer (A 375).
Cytotoxicity of Plant Extracts
The study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of different extracts (ethanol, methanol, and aqueous) of the root, leaf, stem, and fruit of Adhahapushpi using the MTT assay. Results indicated that the ethanol extract from the root was more cytotoxic to the colon cancer cell line HCT 116, with an IC50 value of 176.5 µg/ml. Similarly, the fruit's ethanol extract exhibited significant cytotoxicity against the oral cancer cell line (IC50 of 154 µg/ml), while the root extract also demonstrated efficacy against skin cancer cells (IC50 of 169 µg/ml). These findings suggest that the extracts possess a strong potential for targeting cancer cells selectively.
Antioxidant Properties and Phytochemical Content
The research underscores the importance of phytochemicals present in Adhahapushpi, which include flavonoids and phenolics known for their antioxidant properties. These compounds have been shown to contribute to the plant's anticancer effects by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation while protecting normal cells from toxicity. The study's results align with existing literature that recognizes herbal medicine as a viable source of anticancer agents, supporting the ongoing investigation into plant-based treatments as complementary therapies in cancer management.
Conclusion
The findings of this study highlight Adhahapushpi as a promising candidate for natural anticancer therapeutics due to its cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines and rich phytochemical content. Given the increasing incidence of cancer globally and the limitations of traditional therapies, further research into the medicinal properties of Adhahapushpi could lead to the development of effective and less toxic cancer treatments. This study not only adds to the existing body of knowledge regarding herbal remedies but also emphasizes the need for continued exploration of natural products in oncology.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the significance of Adhahapushpi in cancer treatment?
Adhahapushpi (Trichodesma indicum) is traditionally used for treating breast cancer. The present study evaluates its cytotoxicity against multiple human cancer cell lines, demonstrating its potential as a natural anticancer source.
Which cancer cell lines were tested for the cytotoxicity?
The study assessed the cytotoxicity of Adhahapushpi extracts against colon cancer (HCT 116), oral cancer (KB-3-1), and skin cancer (A 375) cell lines, utilizing different extraction methods.
What methods were used to test the extracts' cytotoxic effects?
Cytotoxic effects were evaluated using the MTT assay, measuring cell viability and determining IC50 values for specific extracts from the root, leaf, stem, and fruit of Adhahapushpi.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Cytotoxicity of Adhahapushpi (Trichodesma Indicum) on Cancer Cells”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Cancer:
Cancer is one of the most lethal diseases, ranking as the first or second leading cause of death worldwide. The study in the text explores the cytotoxic effects of Adhahapushpi against various cancer cell lines, aiming to discover less toxic treatments than current contemporary medicine options.
2) Death:
Cancer is a leading cause of death according to the text. Contemporary treatment options like chemotherapy cause significant toxicity, hence the study's search for alternative treatments using Trichodesma indicum against cancer cell lines.
3) Karnataka:
Karnataka is mentioned multiple times as the location where various researchers and institutions involved in the study are based. It also hosts Alva’s Ayurvedic Medical College and Maratha Mandal's NGH Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Centre.
4) Drug:
The text highlights the search for drugs that are cytotoxic to cancer cells but non-toxic to host cells. Adhahapushpi has been researched for its potential use as an alternative cancer treatment drug.
5) Dravyaguna (Dravya-guna):
This term refers to the study of medicinal properties and actions of herbs and minerals in Ayurveda. One of the authors and departments involved in the research belongs to the Dravyaguna Vignana discipline.
6) Medicine:
Addressing the shortcomings of contemporary cancer treatments, the study presents traditional Ayurvedic medicine, featuring Adhahapushpi, as a potential non-toxic remedy.
7) India:
India is the country where the study was conducted, showcasing traditional Ayurvedic principles and local herbal plants, specifically Adhahapushpi, for potential cancer treatments.
8) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds found in plants that exhibit therapeutic properties. The study identifies flavonoids, phenolics, and other phytochemicals in Adhahapushpi as contributors to its cytotoxic effects against cancer.
9) Powder:
The root, leaf, stem, and fruit parts of the Adhahapushpi plant were ground into coarse powder before being subjected to extraction processes for their cytotoxicity studies.
10) Chemotherapy:
Chemotherapy is mentioned as a current cancer treatment method with significant toxicity to host cells, prompting the research into safer alternatives like Adhahapushpi.
11) Bailhongal:
Bailhongal is mentioned as the location where Dhanvantari Vana, the site for collecting Adhahapushpi, is found. This plant material was authenticated for the study.
12) Discussion:
The Discussion section of the paper delves into the implications of the research findings, shedding light on the cytotoxic properties of Adhahapushpi against various cancer cell lines.
13) Varanasi (Varanashi):
Varanasi is home to Chaukambha Surabharati Prakashan, a publisher of Ayurvedic texts referenced in the study. It is noted in context with Ayurvedic literature on the medicinal properties of plants.
14) Toxicity:
The study aims to find treatments for cancer that cause less toxicity to normal cells. The extract from Adhahapushpi showed promising cytotoxic properties against cancer cell lines with lesser toxicity levels.
15) Mandal:
Maratha Mandal's NGH Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Centre provided facilities for part of the research. Their involvement was crucial in conducting the cytotoxicity assays.
16) Family:
Adhahapushpi (Trichodesma indicum) belongs to the family Boraginaceae, a plant family known for various medicinal properties. This family classification aids in understanding its attributes.
17) Sharman (Sarma, Sharma, Sarman):
Professor Sharma P.V. is mentioned in the references for his work on Dravyaguna Vignana. His work informs the Ayurvedic basis for using Adhahapushpi in cancer treatment.
18) Eagle:
Eagle refers to Eagles minimum essential medium, used for growing cancer cell lines in the study. It is a crucial component of the experimental setup for cytotoxicity assays.
19) Pune:
Pune is the location of the National Centre for Cell Science, from where the cancer cell lines used in the study were obtained. This establishes the source and credibility of the biological material.
20) Sutrasthana (Sutra-sthana):
[see source text or glossary: Sutra-sthana]
21) Dhanvantari (Dhanvamtari):
Dhanvantari Vana is the place where the Adhahapushpi plant was collected for the study. Situated at SGV Ayurvedic Medical College, Bailhongal, it highlights the plant's Ayurvedic roots.
22) Afghanistan:
Afghanistan is mentioned as one of the regions where Adhahapushpi is distributed. This detail emphasizes the widespread availability and traditional use of the plant.
23) Science (Scientific):
[see source text or glossary: Scientific]
24) Substance:
[see source text or glossary: Substance]
25) Katurasa (Katu-rasa):
Katu-rasa is a term describing the bitter and spicy taste property of Adhahapushpi. Mentioned in Ayurvedic texts, this property is linked with the plant's therapeutic effects.
26) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda provides the foundational knowledge for this study. Adhahapushpi, a plant used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine, is investigated for its potential cytotoxic properties against cancer.
27) Vatahara (Vata-ahara):
Vatahara is an Ayurvedic property reducing vata dosha. Adhahapushpi, described to have this property, supports its usage in traditional medicine for various treatments, including cancer.
28) Samhita:
[see source text or glossary: Samhita]
29) Bharati:
[see source text or glossary: Bharati]
30) Disease:
The study particularly focuses on diseases like cancer and explores potential treatments using traditional medicinal plants like Adhahapushpi to counter the adverse effects seen in contemporary medicine.
31) Shotha (Sotha):
Shotha refers to inflammation, one of the conditions for which Adhahapushpi is noted to be effective in Ayurvedic texts. Its anti-inflammatory properties were likely considered in cancer studies.
32) Vaidya:
Vaidya is a term for traditional Ayurvedic practitioners. The study references Ayurvedic knowledge that has been passed down through generations of Vaidyas for treating diseases like cancer.
33) Madhya:
[see source text or glossary: Madhya]
34) Sthana:
[see source text or glossary: Sthana]
35) Atreya:
[see source text or glossary: Atreya]
36) Cotton:
[see source text or glossary: Cotton]
37) Indian:
Indian refers to Adhahapushpi's extensive distribution across the Indian subcontinent, supporting its use in traditional medicine and the study's context of regional ethnomedicinal practices.
38) Kapha:
Kapha is one of the doshas in Ayurveda, related to the body’s biological water. Adhahapushpi is noted for its Kapha-reducing properties, making it useful in treating related disorders.
39) Sutra:
[see source text or glossary: Sutra]
40) Laghu:
Laghu, meaning light, is a property of Adhahapushpi described in Ayurvedic texts. It indicates the plant's digestive and metabolic qualities, significant in its overall therapeutic profile.
41) Tikta:
Tikta means bitter and is one of the tastes associated with Adhahapushpi. This property is essential in Ayurvedic medicine as many biters have therapeutic benefits, including cancer-fighting potential.
42) Gupta:
[see source text or glossary: Gupta]
43) Vrana:
Vrana means wound or ulcer in Ayurveda, and Adhahapushpi is noted for its wound-healing properties. This characteristic is significant in explaining the plant's broad therapeutic applications.
44) Kumar:
Vijay Kumar is one of the authors of the study. As a research assistant, his contributions were crucial in conducting the cytotoxicity experiments discussed in the paper.
45) Patil:
[see source text or glossary: Patil]
46) Ayus (Ayush):
[see source text or glossary: Ayush]
47) Vana:
[see source text or glossary: Vana]
48) Ravi (Ravin):
[see source text or glossary: Ravi]
49) Katu:
[see source text or glossary: Katu]
50) Rasa (Rasha):
[see source text or glossary: Rasa]
51) Atman (Atma):
[see source text or glossary: Atma]
52) Guna:
[see source text or glossary: Guna]
53) Sah:
[see source text or glossary: Shah]
54) Diet:
Diet plays a significant role in preventing diseases as emphasized by WHO. The study notes the rich phytochemical content in Adhahapushpi, aligning with the importance of plant-based diets in disease prevention.