Effects of vruddhadarvadi upanaha vs. wax therapy in knee OA pain.
Journal name: Ayushdhara
Original article title: The comparative effects of vruddhadarvadi upanaha and wax therapy in the pain management of janu sandhigatavata w.s.r. to osteoarthritis of knee joint
AYUSHDHARA is an international peer-reviewed journal. It focuses on research in Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, Allopathy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
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Snigdha Rani Patra
Panchakarma Consultant, Sri Sri Ayurvedic Hospital, Sri Sri University Cuttack, Odisha.
Manjunath Akki
Professor, Dept of Panchakarma, Shree Jagadguru Gavisiddheshwara Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital Koppal, Karnataka.
G G Patil
Professor and Head, Dept of Kaumarabhritya, Shree Jagadguru Gavisiddheshwara Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital Koppal, Karnataka.
Ayushdhara:
(A peer-reviewed, bi-monthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: The comparative effects of vruddhadarvadi upanaha and wax therapy in the pain management of janu sandhigatavata w.s.r. to osteoarthritis of knee joint
Year: 2020 | Doi: 10.47070/ayushdhara.v7i3.559
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Download the PDF file of the original publication
Summary of article contents:
1) Introduction
The study presented in this article investigates the comparative efficacy of two treatment modalities—Vruddhadarvadi Upanaha sweda and Wax therapy—in managing pain associated with Janu Sandhigatavata, corresponding to Osteoarthritis of the knee joint. Patients experiencing classical symptoms such as pain, swelling, and restricted movement were enrolled in the clinical trial. The participants, totaling 30 and aged between 40 to 60 years, were randomly divided into two groups, with one group receiving Upanaha treatment for one hour and the other opting for Wax therapy for 20 minutes over a duration of seven days. Both groups also received placebo capsules during a follow-up period.
2) Upanaha Sweda Treatment
The treatment utilizing Upanaha sweda is an ancient Ayurvedic therapy that combines the benefits of localized steaming (Swedana) and oil massage (Snehana). Before applying the Upanaha, the affected joints underwent Abhyanga with medicated oil, which promotes softness and fluidity within the joints. This therapy works on mitigating symptoms associated with Vata dosha aggravation and aims to alleviate stiffness, pain, and joint swelling through its direct effects on circulation and detoxification at the affected site. Analysis post-treatment showed that the Upanaha group experienced a marked reduction in pain and swelling, with statistical significance established for multiple parameters, indicating its effectiveness in managing symptoms of Osteoarthritis.
3) Wax Therapy as a Thermal Modality
Wax therapy serves as a thermal physical therapy technique, employing a method that applies heated paraffin wax to the affected joints, enhancing local blood circulation and promoting muscle relaxation. The procedure leverages the low heat transfer properties of wax, enabling the treatment to occur at temperatures higher than water without the associated risk of burns. Patients treated with Wax therapy showed improvements in joint mobility and a reduction in pain and stiffness. However, while the efficacy of Wax therapy was acknowledged, the comparative analysis revealed that it was less effective than Upanaha sweda in terms of symptom relief, pain management, and overall therapeutic benefit.
4) Conclusion
In conclusion, both Upanaha sweda and Wax therapy demonstrated significant benefits in alleviating symptoms related to Janu Sandhigatavata. However, the findings suggest that Upanaha sweda presents a more potent treatment option, yielding statistically significant improvements over Wax therapy. This suggests that the traditional Ayurvedic approach may provide more effective pain management strategies for patients with knee osteoarthritis, paving the way for further exploration of integrated therapies in similar musculoskeletal ailments.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What are the main treatments compared in this study for knee joint pain?
The study compares the efficacy of Vruddhadarvadi Upanaha and Wax therapy in managing pain associated with Janu Sandhigatavata, particularly osteoarthritis of the knee joint.
What were the results of the treatments after the follow-up?
After the follow-up, the Upanaha group showed moderate to good responses, with 53% reporting good outcomes, while the Wax therapy group had no good response reported among participants.
How was the efficacy of each treatment evaluated in the study?
Efficacy was evaluated based on subjective parameters like pain and swelling and objective parameters such as range of motion and walking time, using statistical tests for analysis.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Effects of vruddhadarvadi upanaha vs. wax therapy in knee OA pain.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Upanaha:
Upanaha refers to a treatment method used in Ayurveda. It involves application of medicinal lepa or paste over affected joints, followed by wrapping with cotton cloth. This process combines therapeutic heat and herbal medicine to alleviate joint issues such as pain and inflammation.
2) Pain:
Pain, referred to as 'Shoola' in Ayurveda, is a primary symptom addressed in the treatment of Janu Sandhigata Vata or knee osteoarthritis. Upanaha and Wax Therapy are both used to reduce joint pain through different mechanisms, with Upanaha employing herbal formulations and Swedana (sweating).
3) Discussion:
The discussion section of this study elaborates on several aspects including disease review, procedure review, drug review, materials and methods, observations, results, and the probable mode of action for the treatments. It emphasizes the effectiveness and methodologies of Upanaha and Wax Therapy in treating knee osteoarthritis.
4) Sandhi (Shandhi, Samdhi):
Sandhi refers to the joints in the human body. In the context of this study, treatments focused on Janu Sandhigata Vata, which affects the knee joints, causing symptoms like pain, swelling, and restricted movement. Effective management of Sandhi issues is crucial for mobility and daily functioning.
5) Janu:
Janu is the Sanskrit term for the knee joint. Janu Sandhigata Vata refers to osteoarthritis of the knee, characterized by symptoms like pain, swelling, and stiffness. Treatments like Vruddhadarvadi Upanaha and Wax Therapy aim to alleviate these specific symptoms in the Janu.
6) Shotha (Sotha):
Shotha refers to swelling that occurs in joints due to conditions like Janu Sandhigata Vata. It is commonly observed in osteoarthritis and is one of the key symptoms targeted by Ayurvedic treatments like Upanaha and Wax Therapy, both aiming to reduce inflammation and improve joint function.
7) Snigdha:
[see source text or glossary: Snigdha]
8) Vata:
Vata is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, representing air and space elements, and is responsible for movement and physiological processes. In Sandhigatavata (osteoarthritis), Vata imbalance leads to joint issues like pain and stiffness. Treatments like Upanaha aim to balance Vata and alleviate associated symptoms.
9) Stiffness:
Stiffness in the context of Janu Sandhigatavata refers to the reduced flexibility and mobility of knee joints, a common symptom of osteoarthritis. Treatments like Upanaha help reduce stiffness by providing warmth and medicinal properties to the affected area, enhancing joint movement and comfort.
10) Swelling:
Swelling, known as 'Shotha', is a key symptom of Janu Sandhigatavata (knee osteoarthritis). It is indicative of inflammation in the joint. Treatments such as Upanaha aim to reduce swelling through the application of warm herbal pastes that promote blood flow and lymphatic drainage.
11) Snehana:
Snehana refers to oleation therapy in Ayurveda, where oils are applied to the body to lubricate and nourish tissues. In the study, Snehana was used as a preparatory step before Upanaha to ensure better absorption and effectiveness of the treatment, helping in reducing stiffness and pain.
12) Karma (Karman):
[see source text or glossary: Karma]
13) Patra:
Patra refers to medicated leaves used in Ayurvedic treatments. In Upanaha therapy, leaves like Erandapatra are applied over medicinal paste on the affected joint to enhance therapeutic effects. Patra helps in retaining the heat and medicinal properties over the target area longer.
14) Rani:
[see source text or glossary: Rani]
15) Vatavyadhi (Vata-vyadhi):
[see source text or glossary: Vata-vyadhi]
16) Abhyanga (Abhyamga):
Abhyanga is a form of Ayurvedic massage that involves the application of warm oil to the body. It is used before Upanaha to lubricate the joints, improve blood circulation, and aid the absorption of therapeutic ingredients from subsequent treatments. Abhyanga also helps in reducing pain and stiffness.
17) Disease:
[see source text or glossary: Disease]
18) Drug:
In this study, drugs refer to Ayurvedic herbal formulations used in treatments like Vruddhadarvadi Upanaha. These drugs typically have properties like Ushna (hot), Snigdha (unctuous), and Shoolahara (pain-relieving) and are chosen based on their effectiveness in correcting Vata imbalances and alleviating symptoms.
19) Cotton:
Cotton cloth is used in Upanaha therapy to cover the applied medicinal paste on the affected knee joint. It keeps the paste in place, maintains warmth, and allows the ingredients to penetrate effectively into the joint area, enhancing the therapeutic benefits of the treatment.
20) Atopa:
[see source text or glossary: Atopa]
21) Lepa:
Lepa refers to the application of medicated paste on the skin. In Upanaha, Vruddhadarvadi Lepa is prepared and applied to the affected joint to treat symptoms like pain and swelling. It is an essential component of the treatment to deliver herbal medicine directly to the problem area.
22) Tilataila (Tila-taila):
[see source text or glossary: Tila-taila]
23) Shothahara (Sothahara, Shotha-hara):
[see source text or glossary: Sothahara]
24) Cuttack:
Cuttack is a city in Odisha, India, where the primary author of the study, Dr. Snigdha Rani Patra, works. This location might give context to the research setting and the type of patients involved in the study of Ayurvedic treatments for knee osteoarthritis.
25) Pradhan:
[see source text or glossary: Pradhan]
26) Vyadhin (Vyadhi):
[see source text or glossary: Vyadhi]
27) Dosha (Dosa):
Dosha refers to the three fundamental bio-elements in Ayurveda: Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. In the context of Sandhigatavata (osteoarthritis), Vata dosha is aggravated. Treatments like Upanaha focus on balancing the doshas to alleviate symptoms like pain, swelling, and restricted movement.
28) Taila (Thaila):
[see source text or glossary: Taila]
29) Ushna (Usna):
[see source text or glossary: Ushna]
30) Balya:
[see source text or glossary: Balya]
31) Tila:
[see source text or glossary: Tila]
32) Sandhigata Vata (Sandhigata-vata):
Sandhigata-vata (same as Sandhigata Vata) refers to osteoarthritis, focusing on the imbalance of the Vata dosha in joints ('Sandhi'). This condition leads to symptoms like pain and swelling. Ayurvedic treatments like Upanaha and Wax Therapy are employed to manage these symptoms effectively.
33) Sthanasamshraya (Sthanasamsraya, Sthana-samshraya):
[see source text or glossary: Sthanasamshraya]
34) Kaumarabhritya (Kaumarabhrtya, Kaumara-bhritya):
Kaumarabhritya is a branch of Ayurveda focused on pediatrics. In the context of this study, G G Patil, who contributed to the research, is a professor and head of the Dept of Kaumarabhritya. This indicates his expertise and participation in integrative Ayurvedic medicine research.
35) Inflammation:
Inflammation, referred to as 'Shotha' in Ayurveda, is a typical symptom of Janu Sandhigatavata (knee osteoarthritis). The study examines how treatments like Upanaha and Wax therapy reduce inflammation in the joints, thereby relieving pain and restoring function.
36) Erandapatra (Eranda-patra):
Erandapatra refers to castor leaves used in Ayurvedic treatments like Upanaha. These leaves are applied over the medicated paste on the affected joint to retain warmth and enhance the therapeutic effects of the treatment, aiding in the alleviation of pain and swelling.
37) Abhyantara (Abhyamtara):
[see source text or glossary: Abhyantara]
38) Prasarana:
[see source text or glossary: Prasarana]
39) Karnataka:
Karnataka is a state in India where Shree Jagadguru Gavisiddheshwara Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital is located. The co-authors from this institution contributed to the study, indicating the collaboration and geographical context of the research in Ayurvedic treatments.
40) Bandhana (Bamdhana):
[see source text or glossary: Bandhana]
41) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine that uses natural and holistic approaches to health and wellness. This study utilizes Ayurvedic treatments like Upanaha to manage symptoms of Janu Sandhigatavata, comparing its effectiveness with modern therapies like Wax therapy.
42) Vagbhata:
[see source text or glossary: Vagbhata]
43) Lakshana (Laksana):
[see source text or glossary: Lakshana]
44) Adhikara:
[see source text or glossary: Adhikara]
45) Medicine:
[see source text or glossary: Medicine]
46) Madhura:
[see source text or glossary: Madhura]
47) Gomutra (Go-mutra):
Gomutra, or cow urine, is a traditional Ayurvedic ingredient mixed with herbs to form therapeutic pastes like Vruddhadarvadi Upanaha. It has medicinal properties that help in reducing inflammation, pain, and other symptoms associated with conditions like Janu Sandhigatavata.
48) Coconut (Cocoanut):
Coconut oil is used in the preparation phase of Wax Therapy. It is applied to the knee before the wax to protect the skin, enhance lubrication, and ensure even application of the heat, helping in the absorption of therapy and relief from pain and stiffness.
49) Vedana:
Vedana, meaning pain or ache in Sanskrit, is a primary symptom in Janu Sandhigatavata (osteoarthritis). Both Upanaha and Wax Therapy aim to diminish Vedana through different mechanisms, relieving patients from discomfort associated with knee osteoarthritis.
50) Vipaka:
[see source text or glossary: Vipaka]
51) Edema (Oedema):
[see source text or glossary: Oedema]
52) Powder:
Powder in Ayurvedic treatments refers to the fine grind of herbs used in preparations like Vruddhadarvadi Lepa for Upanaha. These powders are mixed with other ingredients to form medicinal pastes applied to affected joints, offering therapeutic benefits for conditions like Janu Sandhigatavata.
53) Pitta:
[see source text or glossary: Pitta]
54) Kapha:
[see source text or glossary: Kapha]
55) Asthi (Ashthi):
[see source text or glossary: Asthi]
56) Basti:
[see source text or glossary: Basti]
57) Snayu:
[see source text or glossary: Snayu]
58) Bahya:
[see source text or glossary: Bahya]
59) Dhatu:
[see source text or glossary: Dhatu]
60) India:
India, where this study was conducted, is the birthplace of Ayurveda. The research focuses on traditional Ayurvedic treatments for managing knee osteoarthritis, reflecting the significance and ongoing relevance of Ayurveda in contemporary Indian healthcare systems.
61) Patil:
Patil is one of the co-authors of the study. G G Patil, who is a Professor and Head at the Dept of Kaumarabhritya, contributed to the research, indicating the collaborative and multi-disciplinary approach to studying Ayurvedic treatments for knee osteoarthritis.
62) Ayus (Ayush):
Ayush refers to the systems of medicine in India encompassing Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy. The journal 'AYUSHDHARA' published this study, showcasing the role of traditional systems like Ayurveda in modern clinical research and pain management.
63) Blood:
[see source text or glossary: Blood]
64) Shri (Sri, Sr):
Shree refers to Shree Jagadguru Gavisiddheshwara Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital located in Karnataka, where some of the study's authors work. It highlights the institutional backing and the setting where part of the research was conducted.
65) Sira (Shira):
[see source text or glossary: Sira]
66) Paka:
[see source text or glossary: Paka]
67) Food:
[see source text or glossary: Food]
68) Diet:
[see source text or glossary: Diet]
69) Rice (Rce):
[see source text or glossary: Rice]
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Effects of vruddhadarvadi upanaha vs. wax therapy in knee OA pain.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Paschat-karma, Burning sensation, Statistical Significance, Inclusion and exclusion criteria, Follow Up Period, Sandhi Shoola, Sandhi Shotha, Range of Movement, Poorva Karma, Osteoarthritis of Knee Joint, Walking time, Pradhan Karma, Janu Sandhigatavata, Panchakarma theatre.