A review of medicinal properties on musta (cyperus rotundus linn.)
Journal name: Ayushdhara
Original article title: A review of medicinal properties on musta (cyperus rotundus linn.)
AYUSHDHARA is an international peer-reviewed journal. It focuses on research in Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, Allopathy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
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Patra Satyanarayan*
PG Scholar, PG Department of Rog Nidan Evum Vikriti Vigyan, Ch. Brahm Prakash Ayurved Charak Sansthan, Khera Dabar, Najafgarh, New Delhi
Sahu Subash
Associate Professor & HOD, Department of Dravyaguna Vigyan, Ch. Brahm Prakash Ayurved Charak Sansthan, Khera Dabar, Najafgarh, New Delhi
Singh Ashok Kumar Madan
Associate Professor, PG Department of Rog Nidan Evum Vikriti Vigyan, Ch. Brahm Prakash Ayurved Charak Sansthan, Khera Dabar, Najafgarh, New Delhi
Ayushdhara:
(A peer-reviewed, bi-monthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: A review of medicinal properties on musta (cyperus rotundus linn.)
Year: 2019
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Cyperus rotundus, commonly known as Musta or nut grass, is a perennial herb belonging to the Cyperaceae family, widely recognized for its extensive medicinal properties in traditional Indian medicine, particularly Ayurveda. This plant has been referenced across numerous classical Ayurvedic texts, including the Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita. It thrives throughout India, particularly in moist areas and is characterized by its erect stature, fragrant tubers, and therapeutic benefits, which include anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and anti-diabetic actions among others. The effectiveness of Musta has made it a subject of interest for researchers looking to validate traditional uses through scientific investigation.
Pharmacological Benefits of Musta
One of the significant concepts surrounding Musta is its pharmacological actions, which demonstrate its potential as a multi-functional medicinal agent. The herb is reported to possess properties such as anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, anti-malarial, and anti-diabetic activities, primarily due to its rich repository of chemical constituents including cyperene, and β-selinene, among others. Research has shown that Musta can effectively aid in wound healing and offers protective effects against liver damage. Its anti-diabetic properties are attributed to specific polyphenols, and findings suggest it exhibits significant weight reduction capabilities, showcasing its role in managing obesity as well. Such pharmacological benefits underpin the traditional claims about Musta's efficacy in treating various ailments.
Historical and Cultural Context
Another noteworthy aspect of Musta is its deep historical and cultural significance in Ayurvedic medicine. The herb has been utilized since the Vedic period and is detailed in various texts for ailments like fever, digestive disorders, and dysmenorrhea. Musta's classification in ancient texts reveals that Ayurvedic practitioners recognized its potency, utilizing the root, tuber, and other parts of the plant for a multitude of therapeutic purposes. This historical breadth informs contemporary understanding and underscores the importance of validating these usages through modern scientific methods, thereby bridging the gap between traditional knowledge and current medical practices.
Conclusion
In summary, Cyperus rotundus (Musta) serves as an important herbal remedy with a well-documented history of medicinal use in Ayurveda. Its multifaceted therapeutic properties endorse its potential for treating various health issues, which calls for further scientific exploration to authenticate and standardize its applications in modern medicine. As awareness of herbal medicine continues to grow, Musta stands out as a traditional asset that warrants comprehensive research to unlock its full potential for health benefits, emphasizing the need for integrating traditional wisdom with contemporary scientific evidence.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is Musta and its significance in Ayurveda?
Musta, also known as Cyperus rotundus, is an important medicinal herb in Ayurveda. Renowned for its effectiveness in treating various ailments, it has been referenced extensively in classical texts for its therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory and digestive benefits.
What are the main pharmacological actions of Musta?
Musta exhibits multiple pharmacological actions including anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-pyretic, anti-diabetic, and anti-obesity effects. It is used in treating conditions like fevers, digestive issues, and skin disorders due to its diverse therapeutic properties.
How is Musta used in traditional medicinal formulations?
Musta is utilized in various Ayurvedic formulations, often combined with herbs like Parpata and Sunthi. It is indicated for treatments of diarrhea, fevers, and for improving appetite, demonstrating its versatility in herbal therapy.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “A review of medicinal properties on musta (cyperus rotundus linn.)”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Musta (Mushta):
Musta, scientifically known as Cyperus rotundus, is an important medicinal herb in Ayurveda, renowned for its diverse therapeutic properties. It is traditionally used to treat various ailments including digestive disorders, fever, and inflammation due to its potent medicinal components.
2) Cyperus rotundus:
Cyperus rotundus, commonly called nut grass or musta, is a perennial herb used extensively in Ayurvedic medicine. It is known for its diverse pharmacological actions including anti-inflammatory, anti-malarial, and anti-obesity effects, making it valuable in treating a range of health issues.
3) Drug:
In the context of Ayurveda and the provided text, a drug refers to herbal substances like Cyperus rotundus used for medicinal purposes. Musta is considered a key drug in Ayurvedic medicine due to its various therapeutic effects.
4) India:
Cyperus rotundus, or musta, is widely distributed across India, growing in diverse habitats such as moist areas, rice fields, and roadsides. It is an integral part of Indian traditional medicine systems like Ayurveda.
5) Bhadramusta:
Bhadramusta is a variety of Cyperus rotundus mentioned in classical Ayurvedic texts. It is one of the three main types of musta, recognized for its enhanced medicinal qualities in treating various diseases.
6) Nighantu (Nighamtu):
Nighantu refers to traditional Indian pharmacopeias or lexical texts that list herbs and their medicinal uses. Cyperus rotundus is frequently cited in such texts for its therapeutic properties.
7) Nut grass:
Nut grass, another name for Cyperus rotundus, is a common weed known for its medicinal properties. It grows extensively in fields and waste lands across India and is used in Ayurveda for its wide range of health benefits.
8) Motha:
Motha is the Bengali name for Cyperus rotundus. It is utilized in traditional medicine in regions like Bengal for its therapeutic properties, especially in treating digestive disorders and inflammation.
9) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological actions of Cyperus rotundus include anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-malarial, anti-obesity, and anti-diabetic effects. These properties make it a significant herb in medicinal treatments.
10) Medicine:
In Ayurveda, medicine often refers to herbal preparations. Cyperus rotundus is a crucial herb in Ayurvedic medicine, known for its ability to treat multiple diseases with its varied therapeutic properties.
11) Family:
Cyperus rotundus belongs to the Cyperaceae family, which comprises multiple genera and species known for their medicinal uses. This family includes other species that are sometimes used as substitutes for Cyperus rotundus.
12) Kapha:
Kapha is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda. Cyperus rotundus is noted for its Kapha-Pittahara properties, which means it helps balance the Kapha and Pitta doshas, addressing related health imbalances.
13) Patra:
Patra Satyanarayan is one of the authors of the review article on the medicinal properties of Cyperus rotundus. He is a PG Scholar at Ch. Brahm Prakash Ayurved Charak Sansthan in New Delhi.
14) Mutha:
Mutha is the Hindi name for Cyperus rotundus. It is widely used in Indian traditional medicine to treat various ailments including digestive issues, fever, and inflammation.
15) Fever:
Ayurvedic texts mention Cyperus rotundus as an effective treatment for fever. Its properties like Jwaraghna (fever-reducing) make it a valuable herb in treating febrile conditions.
16) Katu:
Katu is a taste (rasa) in Ayurveda, described as pungent or spicy. Cyperus rotundus has Katu rasa along with Tikta (bitter) and Kashaya (astringent) tastes, contributing to its therapeutic effects.
17) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa refers to the taste of a substance in Ayurveda. Cyperus rotundus possesses Tikta (bitter), Katu (pungent), and Kashaya (astringent) rasa, which are linked to its medicinal properties.
18) Genu:
[see source text or glossary: Genu]
19) New Delhi:
New Delhi is the location of Ch. Brahm Prakash Ayurved Charak Sansthan, where author Patra Satyanarayan is conducting research on Cyperus rotundus. The institution is a center for Ayurvedic studies.
20) Agnimandya (Agni-mandya, Agnimamdya):
Agnimandya, or digestive fire imbalance, is a condition treated with Cyperus rotundus. The herb's Dipana (appetizer) and Pachana (digestive) properties help in managing this condition.
21) Sutikaroga (Sutika-roga):
Sutikaroga refers to postpartum disorders. Cyperus rotundus is indicated in traditional medicine for conditions such as sutikaroga, aiding recovery and balance in postnatal women.
22) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are chemical constituents found in Cyperus rotundus, contributing to its pharmacological actions. They are involved in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and other health benefits.
23) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine that uses herbs like Cyperus rotundus for treatment. Known for its holistic approach, it emphasizes balance of body, mind, and spirit.
24) Vomiting:
In Ayurveda, Cyperus rotundus is used to treat vomiting. Remedies may include formulations with Musta powder, which helps balance doshas responsible for causing nausea and vomiting.
25) Epilepsy:
Epilepsy is one of the conditions for which Cyperus rotundus has shown therapeutic potential. Studies cited in the text indicate its anticonvulsant effects, making it useful in epilepsy treatment.
26) Samhita:
Samhitas are classical Ayurvedic texts that detail medicinal uses of herbs. Cyperus rotundus is mentioned in these texts, highlighting its significance in traditional medical practice.
27) Mustadi (Musta-adi):
Mustadi refers to formulations or groups of herbs that include Musta (Cyperus rotundus) as an ingredient. These formulations address various health conditions according to Ayurvedic practices.
28) Amavata (Ama-vata):
Amavata is a condition similar to rheumatoid arthritis, treated with Cyperus rotundus. The herb's anti-inflammatory and detoxifying properties make it effective for this ailment.
29) Kashaya (Kasaya):
Kashaya is an astringent taste (rasa) in Ayurveda. Cyperus rotundus has Kashaya rasa, contributing to its ability to tighten tissues and reduce secretions, thereby treating various conditions.
30) Disease:
In Ayurveda, herbs like Cyperus rotundus are used to treat multiple diseases, ranging from digestive issues to inflammatory conditions, due to their broad spectrum of pharmacological properties.
31) Dipana:
Dipana refers to substances that ignite digestive fire. Cyperus rotundus is classified as Dipana in Ayurvedic texts, enhancing digestion and metabolism, thus relieving conditions like Agnimandya.
32) Kvatha:
Kvatha is a form of Ayurvedic preparation, typically a decoction. Cyperus rotundus can be used to make kvatha, which is administered to treat various health issues like fever and digestive problems.
33) Powder:
Powdered form of Cyperus rotundus is commonly used in Ayurvedic treatments. It can be mixed with other ingredients or taken alone to treat numerous ailments such as digestive disorders and fever.
34) Indian:
Cyperus rotundus is an integral part of Indian traditional medicine, particularly Ayurveda. The herb is widely used across the country for its therapeutic properties and availability.
35) Tikta:
Tikta is a bitter taste in Ayurveda, one of the tastes of Cyperus rotundus. This taste is associated with detoxifying and anti-inflammatory properties, contributing to the herb’s medicinal effects.
36) Delhi:
Delhi, specifically New Delhi, is home to research institutions like Ch. Brahm Prakash Ayurved Charak Sansthan, where studies on Cyperus rotundus and its uses in Ayurveda are conducted.
37) Grahin (Grahi):
Grahi refers to substances with astringent properties that help in absorbing fluids in the body. Cyperus rotundus is considered Grahi in Ayurveda, making it effective in treating conditions like diarrhea.
38) Dabar:
[see source text or glossary: Dabar]
39) Khera:
[see source text or glossary: Khera]
40) Honey:
Honey is often used as an adjuvant in Ayurvedic formulations. Cyperus rotundus decoction mixed with honey is recommended for conditions like diarrhea, enhancing the herb’s therapeutic effects.
41) Stanyashodhana (Stanyasodhana, Stanya-shodhana):
[see source text or glossary: Stanya-shodhana]
42) Alcoholism:
Cyperus rotundus has been mentioned in Ayurvedic texts for treating alcoholism. Its properties help digest toxins (pathos) associated with alcohol consumption, aiding in detoxification.
43) Daurbalya:
Daurbalya means weakness or debility. Cyperus rotundus is used in Ayurveda to treat daurbalya, attributed to its Balya (strengthening) properties, enhancing overall vitality and strength.
44) Vatarakta (Vata-rakta):
Vatarakta, akin to gouty arthritis, is treated with herb combinations including Cyperus rotundus in Ayurveda. It helps reduce inflammation and detoxify, relieving associated symptoms.
45) Guducyadi (Guducya-adi):
Guducyadi is a group or preparation that includes herbs like Guduchi and Cyperus rotundus. These are used in Ayurveda for various therapeutic purposes, addressing conditions like fever and inflammation.
46) Karpuradi:
Karpuradi is a classification in Ayurvedic Nighantus (dictionaries) that includes Cyperus rotundus. Each classification is based on the herb's properties and uses in traditional medicine.
47) Halimaka:
Halimaka is a condition mentioned in Ayurvedic texts, treated with Cyperus rotundus. The herb is often combined with other ingredients like Lauha-Bhasma for enhanced therapeutic effects.
48) Skandha (Skamdha, Skamda):
Skandha refers to classifications or clusters in Ayurveda. Cyperus rotundus is categorized in various skandhas (groups) like Madhura-skandha and Tikta-skandha, based on its properties and uses.
49) Trishna (Trsna):
[see source text or glossary: Trishna]
50) Vikriti (Vikrti):
[see source text or glossary: Vikriti]
51) Habitat:
Cyperus rotundus thrives in diverse habitats across India, including moist areas, rice fields, and roadsides. Its adaptability makes it widely available for medicinal use.
52) Ruksha (Ruksa):
Ruksha means dryness, one of the qualities (guna) of Cyperus rotundus. This property is beneficial in treating conditions caused by excessive moisture or secretions.
53) Kasheru (Kaseru):
Kaseru is a synonym for another variety of Cyperus, specifically Cyperus esculentus, which is sometimes used as a substitute for Cyperus rotundus in Ayurvedic medicine.
54) Vipaka:
Vipaka refers to the post-digestive effect of a substance in Ayurveda. Cyperus rotundus has a Katu (pungent) vipaka, influencing its overall impact on metabolism and doshic balance.
55) Thirst:
Cyperus rotundus is mentioned in Ayurvedic texts for its ability to quench thirst, often used in formulations to treat dehydration and excess thirst in conditions like fever.
56) Laghu:
Laghu means lightness, a quality (guna) of Cyperus rotundus. This property aids in its digestive actions, making it suitable for treating indigestion and other digestive disorders.
57) Kumar:
Kumar et al. conducted studies on the hepatoprotective activity of Cyperus rotundus. Their research highlights the herb's effectiveness in protecting the liver from damage caused by toxins.
58) Veda:
Vedic literature contains ancient references to herbs like Cyperus rotundus, indicating its long-standing use in traditional Indian medicine for various therapeutic purposes.
59) Sita (Shita):
Sita refers to the cooling potency (Veerya) of Cyperus rotundus. This cooling effect is beneficial in treating inflammatory and pitta-related disorders in Ayurveda.
60) Guna:
Guna is a term used in Ayurveda to denote qualities. Cyperus rotundus has qualities like Laghu (light) and Ruksha (dry), which influence its therapeutic properties and applications.
61) Moth:
Moth is the English translation of the Hindi name for Cyperus rotundus, widely used in traditional Indian medicine. It highlights the herb’s use in treating digestive and inflammatory conditions.
62) Diet:
Cyperus rotundus is often recommended in Ayurvedic diets for its digestive and therapeutic properties, helping to maintain overall health and balance.
63) Trishnanigrahana (Trsnanigrahana, Trishna-nigrahana):
Trishnanigrahana refers to the ability to quench thirst. Cyperus rotundus is noted for this property in Ayurvedic texts, making it useful in treating excess thirst in conditions like fever.
64) Sushruta-samhita (Susruta-samhita):
Sushruta-samhita is an ancient Ayurvedic text that mentions Cyperus rotundus for its medicinal properties, highlighting its use in various therapeutic formulations.
65) Darvyadikvatha (Darvyadi-kvatha):
Darvyadi-kvatha is an Ayurvedic decoction that includes Cyperus rotundus as one of its ingredients. It is used for its therapeutic properties in managing different health conditions.
66) Madhuraskandha (Madhura-skandha):
Madhura-skandha is a classification in Ayurveda where Cyperus rotundus is included. This skandha represents herbs that have a sweet nature and are nourishing.
67) Mutrakricchra (Mutrakrcchra, Mutra-kricchra):
Mutrakricchra is a urinary disorder in Ayurveda treated with herbs like Cyperus rotundus. The herb’s diuretic and cooling properties contribute to its effectiveness in such conditions.
68) Tiktaskandha (Tikta-skandha):
Tikta-skandha is a classification in Ayurvedic texts that includes Cyperus rotundus. It represents herbs with a bitter taste and their associated therapeutic effects.
69) Dysmenorrhea (Dysmenorrhoea):
Cyperus rotundus is used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat dysmenorrhoea (painful menstruation). Its properties help alleviate pain and balance pitta and vata doshas associated with menstrual disorders.
70) Stanyajanana (Stanya-janana):
Stanyajanana refers to substances that promote lactation. Cyperus rotundus is indicated in Ayurvedic texts for its ability to enhance milk production in nursing mothers.
71) Lauhabhasma (Lauha-bhasma):
Lauha-bhasma is an Ayurvedic preparation made from iron, often mixed with Cyperus rotundus to treat conditions like Halimaka (jaundice), enhancing its therapeutic effects.
72) Dhanvantari (Dhanvamtari):
[see source text or glossary: Dhanvantari]
73) Sutrasthana (Sutra-sthana):
Sutrasthana refers to the first section of classical Ayurvedic texts like Charaka Samhita, where Cyperus rotundus is discussed for its medicinal properties and classifications.
74) Bhallataka:
Bhallataka is an herb mentioned alongside Cyperus rotundus in Ayurvedic formulations. It is used for its synergistic effects in treating various conditions such as glandular erysipelas.
75) Pippalyadi (Pippali-adi):
Pippalyadi is a group of herbs that includes Cyperus rotundus, mentioned in Ayurvedic Nighantus. This grouping helps in identifying herbs with similar therapeutic uses.
[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 190]
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