Study karanja seed churna's immunomodulatory effects in mice.
Journal name: Ayushdhara
Original article title: To study immunomodulatory efficacy of karanja (pongamia pinnata pierre) seed churna in swiss albino mice
AYUSHDHARA is an international peer-reviewed journal. It focuses on research in Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, Allopathy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
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*Gupta Chandni
Lecturer, P.G. Dept. of Dravyaguna, R.G.G.P.G.AYU. College, Paprola, H.P.
Upadhayaya Ashwani
Professor & H.O.D., P.G. Dept. of Dravyaguna, R.G.G.P.G.AYU. College, Paprola, H.P.
Ayushdhara:
(A peer-reviewed, bi-monthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: To study immunomodulatory efficacy of karanja (pongamia pinnata pierre) seed churna in swiss albino mice
Year: 2017
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The study explored the immunomodulatory efficacy of Karanja (Pongamia pinnata Pierre) seed churna (powder) in Swiss albino mice. The primary aim was to evaluate its effects on humoral antibody formation, the weight of spleen and thymus, and cell-mediated immunity. This research is significant as it seeks to scientifically validate the Ayurvedic applications of Karanja, a widely recognized medicinal plant in India, traditionally used for various ailments, particularly skin diseases.
Humoral Antibody Formation
The study investigated the effect of Karanja seed churna on the formation of antibodies against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in rats. The results showed a marginal, non-significant decrease in antibody titres across both low (400 mg/kg) and high (800 mg/kg) dosage groups compared to the control group. Specifically, the antibody titre was noted to be significantly lower in the higher dosage group. Despite observing a decrease, the implications indicate that Karanja may not significantly enhance humoral immunity but does not suppress it either.
Cell-Mediated Immunity
In assessing cell-mediated immunity, the study measured the immunological inflammation induced by SRBC through pedal injection. It was found that at the higher dose of Karanja seed churna, there was a significant reduction in paw edema at the 48-hour mark, indicating a modulatory effect on cell-mediated immune responses. This suggests that Karanja may play a role in enhancing the body's ability to respond to foreign antigens, which is critical for effective immune function, particularly in the context of immunological challenges.
Conclusion
The findings of this study demonstrate that Karanja (Pongamia pinnata Pierre) seed has potential immunomodulatory properties, particularly in enhancing cell-mediated immunity, while exhibiting a non-significant effect on humoral antibody formation. Additionally, despite some increase in the weight of the spleen and thymus, these changes were not statistically significant. The overall conclusion underscores the need for further research to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying Karanja's immunomodulatory actions, thereby contributing to the global acceptance and scientific validation of Ayurvedic therapies.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What was the main objective of the Karanja study?
The main objective was to evaluate the immunomodulatory efficacy of Karanja (Pongamia pinnata) seed churna, focusing on its effects on humoral antibody formation, spleen and thymus weight, and cell-mediated immunity in experimental animals.
How was the Karanja seed administered in the study?
The Karanja seed churna was administered orally in an aqueous solution to three groups of rats over ten consecutive days, with doses of 400 mg and 800 mg per kg body weight compared to a control group receiving tap water.
What were the key findings regarding cell-mediated immunity?
The study found that Karanja seed churna significantly decreased immunological paw edema at the higher dose level, indicating a notable effect on cell-mediated immunity, while showing no significant change in antibody titre against sheep red blood cells.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Study karanja seed churna's immunomodulatory effects in mice.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Drug:
In the study, 'drug' refers to the chemical substance used to modulate the immune system, specifically the powdered seeds of Karanja (Pongamia Pinnata Pierre). The relevance of studying these drugs lies in understanding their effects on immune responses in experimental animals.
2) Karanja (Karamja):
Karanja (Pongamia Pinnata Pierre) is the primary medicinal plant being studied for its immunomodulatory efficacy. The seed powder, or 'Churna', has potential therapeutic activities, especially in modulating immune responses in experimental settings using Swiss albino mice as test subjects.
3) Blood:
Blood from sheep (SRBC) was used as a sensitizing agent in this study to assess the immunomodulatory effects of Karanja seed Churna. The blood was collected fresh from a local slaughter house and subjected to various processes for experimentation.
4) Animal:
Swiss albino mice and Charles Foster strain albino rats were the experimental animals used in this study. They were used to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of the Karanja seed Churna by measuring responses like antibody formation and cell-mediated immunity.
5) Edema (Oedema):
Oedema, specifically pedal oedema, was induced in pre-sensitized rats by injecting a suspension of sheep red blood cells (SRBC). This inflammation was used as a measure to evaluate the cell-mediated immunity effects of Karanja seed Churna.
6) Gupta:
Gupta Chandni, a lecturer and the primary author of the study, conducted research on the immunomodulatory efficacy of Karanja seed powder. The study was carried out under the guidance of Upadhayaya Ashwani, a professor and H.O.D. in the Dravyaguna department.
7) India:
The research was conducted in India, specifically at R.G.G.P.G.AYU. College in Paprola, H.P., and Gujarat Ayurveda University in Jamnagar. These institutions provided the facilities and resources needed for this experimental study on Karanja seed Churna.
8) House:
The animal house at the I.P.G.T.R.A, Gujarat Ayurveda University, Jamnagar, supplied the Swiss albino mice and Charles Foster strain albino rats used in this study. The animals were maintained under standardized conditions for the experiments.
9) Hind:
The term 'hind' refers to the hind paw of the experimental rats, which was injected with SRBC to induce oedema. This method was employed to study the cell-mediated immunity effect of Karanja seed Churna.
10) Pharmacology:
Pharmacology is the science of drugs and their interaction with living systems. In this study, pharmacological methods were used to understand how Karanja seed Churna modulates immune responses in experimental animals.
11) Dravyaguna (Dravya-guna):
Dravyaguna is the study of medicinal properties of plants in Ayurveda. This department at R.G.G.P.G.AYU. College, led by Upadhayaya Ashwani and involving researcher Gupta Chandni, conducted the study to validate the immunomodulatory effects of Karanja seeds scientifically.
12) Science (Scientific):
The study aimed to provide scientific validation for the immunomodulatory effects of Karanja seed Churna. Scientific methods and statistical analysis were employed to ascertain the drug's efficacy in modulating immune responses.
13) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is the traditional Indian system of medicine in which Karanja is commonly used. This study aimed to provide scientific backing for Ayurveda's claims by evaluating the immunomodulatory effects of Karanja seed Churna in a laboratory setting.
14) Disease:
The study highlights the potential of Karanja seeds (Pongamia Pinnata) in treating diseases through immunomodulation. By enhancing or suppressing specific immune responses, these seeds could help mitigate various health conditions.
15) Powder:
The Karanja seed powder (Churna) was the form in which the drug was administered to the experimental animals. The powder was dissolved in an aqueous solution and given orally to assess its immunomodulatory effects.
16) Inflammation:
Inflammation of the hind paw, induced by SRBC injection, was used to assess cell-mediated immunity in the study. The change in paw volume was measured to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of Karanja seed Churna.
17) Discussion:
The discussion section of the study interprets the results, noting that Karanja seed Churna showed significant cell-mediated immunity and a non-significant effect on antibody formation. This suggests potential sites for drug action in the immune system.
18) Knowledge:
[see source text or glossary: Knowledge]
19) Fixation:
Fixation involved using 10% formaldehyde solution to preserve spleen and thymus tissues from the experimental rats. This was a preparatory step for histopathological studies to observe cellular changes induced by Karanja seed Churna.
20) Gujarat:
The Gujarat Ayurveda University in Jamnagar, India, provided facilities such as the pharmacognosy laboratory and animal house for conducting this study on Karanja seed Churna. The university played a significant role in facilitating this research.
21) Cotton:
[see source text or glossary: Cotton]
22) Ayus (Ayush):
AYUSH is an acronym for Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy. The journal AYUSHDHARA, which published this study, focuses on research within these systems of medicine, including the immunomodulatory effects of Karanja seed Churna.
23) Glass:
[see source text or glossary: Glass]
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Study karanja seed churna's immunomodulatory effects in mice.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Peer review, Surgical instrument, Control group, Experimental study, Humoral antibody formation, Cell-mediated immunity, Histopathological studies, Statistically significant level, Aqueous solution, Therapeutic goal, Volume displacement method, High dose group, Low dose group, Immunomodulatory efficacy.