Lemongrass oil gel for local delivery in periodontitis treatment

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Journal name: Ancient Science of Life
Original article title: Lemongrass essential oil gel as a local drug delivery agent for the treatment of periodontitis
The ANSCI is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal focused on Ayurveda and traditional medicines. It publishes original research, reviews, and literary studies linking traditional knowledge with modern science, covering disciplines like botany, ethnomedicine, pharmacology, and clinical research.
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Original source:

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Author:

Shivaraj B. Warad, Sahana S. Kolar, Veena Kalburgi, Nagaraj B. Kalburgi


Ancient Science of Life:

(A quarterly multi-disciplinary scientific research journal in Ayurveda)

Full text available for: Lemongrass essential oil gel as a local drug delivery agent for the treatment of periodontitis

Year: 2013

Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Periodontal diseases are infections that affect the periodontium, resulting in tissue destruction and an immune response influenced by bacterial pathogens. Traditional treatment strategies, including scaling and root planing (SRP) accompanied by antibiotic use, have limitations due to side effects and antibiotic resistance. To address these issues, researchers have explored alternative therapeutic options derived from medicinal plants. One such promising agent is lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), known for its various antimicrobial properties. A clinical study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 2% lemongrass essential oil gel as a local delivery treatment adjunct to SRP for chronic periodontitis.

Antimicrobial Efficacy of Lemongrass Essential Oil Gel

The study involved 60 periodontal sites from 15 subjects with chronic periodontitis. Participants were divided into two groups: one received traditional SRP alone, while the other received SRP combined with 2% lemongrass essential oil gel. The results showed significant reductions in probing depth (PD) and improvements in relative attachment level (RAL) in the experimental group compared to the control group at 1 and 3 months post-treatment. Specifically, those treated with lemongrass gel experienced greater reductions in PD and noticeable gains in RAL, indicating a positive therapeutic outcome. These findings suggest that lemongrass essential oil gel may effectively enhance periodontal therapy by providing additional antimicrobial action against resistant pathogens.

Conclusion

The results of this study highlight the potential of 2% lemongrass essential oil gel as a safe, effective, and economical option for local drug delivery in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. The significant clinical improvements observed in PD and RAL when used adjunctively with SRP support its role in periodontal therapy, particularly in cases where conventional antibiotics may be less effective due to resistance. Further research is warranted to explore the full spectrum of its benefits, standardize formulation processes, and compare its efficacy against conventional antimicrobial agents like chlorhexidine. Overall, lemongrass essential oil gel represents an innovative and promising alternative in periodontal treatment protocols.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is the primary purpose of the study on lemongrass essential oil?

The study evaluates the efficacy of 2% lemongrass essential oil gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing for treating chronic periodontitis, comparing its effects against scaling and root planing alone.

How was the gel formulated for the study?

The 2% lemongrass essential oil gel was prepared using carbopol and other components, combined through a specific process that involved soaking, neutralizing, and adjusting the pH until a homogeneous gel was formed.

What were the key findings regarding probing depth and attachment level?

The experimental group receiving the lemongrass gel showed significant reduction in probing depth and gain in relative attachment level compared to the control group at both one and three months.

What are the implications of using lemongrass oil in periodontal therapy?

The use of lemongrass essential oil gel offers a safe and effective alternative in periodontal therapy, potentially reducing antibiotic resistance while improving healing and antimicrobial outcomes.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Lemongrass oil gel for local delivery in periodontitis treatment”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Drug:
A drug refers to any substance that, when introduced into the body, alters physiological functions. This includes both synthetic medications and natural compounds derived from plants or herbs. In the context of the article, drugs are essential for treating periodontal diseases, potentially in conjunction with local delivery methods aimed at ensuring effective treatment.

2) Activity:
Activity refers to the functioning or effect of a substance, particularly in a biological context. In the study, the antimicrobial activity of lemongrass essential oil against periodontal pathogens highlights its effectiveness as a local drug delivery agent, showcasing the potential benefits of natural compounds in therapeutic applications.

3) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibacterial refers to substances that inhibit bacterial growth or kill bacteria. The relevance of this term in the study lies in the exploration of lemongrass essential oil's antibacterial properties, which was found to be effective against specific periodontal pathogens, marking its potential as a safer, natural alternative to traditional antibacterial agents.

4) Science (Scientific):
Science is the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world. In this research, the application of phytosciences illustrates the importance of scientific investigation into the antimicrobial properties of natural substances like lemongrass, contributing to alternative therapeutic options for periodontal disease management.

5) Vina:
Veena Kalburgi is one of the authors associated with the research on lemongrass essential oil gel for periodontal treatment. The inclusion of her name emphasizes the collaborative effort and expertise in the field of periodontics, indicating that the study results are grounded in professional knowledge and research experience.

6) Perception:
Perception in this context refers to the way in which the effectiveness of antibiotic treatments is viewed, particularly amidst growing concerns about microbial resistance and side effects. The study challenges traditional perceptions by exploring the efficacy of natural alternatives like lemongrass essential oil, potentially reshaping treatment practices in periodontal therapy.

7) Hygiene (Hygienic):
Hygiene pertains to practices that maintain health and prevent disease, mainly through cleanliness. In periodontal therapy, oral hygiene is critical; the study emphasizes that strict hygiene protocols are necessary after the application of treatment, highlighting the interplay between therapeutic interventions and patient self-care in managing periodontal diseases.

8) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are natural compounds found in plants that have biological significance, often contributing to health benefits. The study addresses phytochemicals within lemongrass essential oil, recognizing their role in antimicrobial activity and promoting the use of plant-derived substances as viable options in periodontal therapy over synthetic drugs.

9) Inflammation:
Inflammation is the body's immune response to injury or infection, characterized by redness, swelling, and pain. Addressing inflammation is crucial in periodontal disease treatment, and the study suggests that lemongrass essential oil gel not only combats bacterial activity but also may reduce inflammation, aiding healing and recovery in periodontal tissues.

10) Pomegranate:
Pomegranate represents one of the many natural products researched for their health benefits, including potential antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. In the context of periodontal therapy, it signifies the broader category of alternative treatments derived from natural sources, similar to lemongrass, promoting a holistic approach to oral health.

11) Discussion:
Discussion refers to the section in research papers where findings are interpreted and contextualized. In the study, the discussion elaborates on the significance of the results obtained with lemongrass essential oil gel, drawing connections to existing literature and implications for future research, ultimately influencing clinical practice in periodontics.

12) Knowledge:
Knowledge encompasses the information and understanding gained from research and experience. In the article, the authors' collective knowledge informs the effectiveness of lemongrass essential oil in periodontal therapy, underscoring the importance of scientific inquiry in developing innovative treatments that integrate traditional practices and modern scientific understanding.

13) Substance:
A substance refers to a specific chemical composition or physical matter. In the context of this study, the term highlights the lemongrass essential oil as a therapeutic substance, emphasizing the role of specific compounds within it that provide the desired antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects in periodontal treatment.

14) Toxicity:
Toxicity indicates the degree to which a substance can cause harm to organisms. This term is relevant as the study contrasts conventional antibiotics, which can have significant side effects and toxicity, with lemongrass essential oil gel, positing it as a safer alternative for periodontal therapy with fewer adverse effects.

15) Medicine:
Medicine refers to the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. This term underscores the overarching theme of the study, which seeks to explore new medicinal options—specifically natural remedies like lemongrass oil—in the treatment of periodontal disease, aligning with evolving perspectives in healthcare.

16) Water:
Water is often a solvent used in the preparation of medications and gels. In the context of the study, water played a role in formulating the lemongrass essential oil gel, illustrating the importance of proper formulation techniques in developing effective therapeutic agents for local drug delivery in periodontal treatment.

17) Neem:
Neem is a plant renowned for its medicinal properties, particularly in traditional medicine as an antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agent. This term extends the discussion of natural remedies, paralleling the research focus on lemongrass and emphasizing the growing interest in utilizing various plant sources in periodontal disease management.

18) Post:
Post pertains to the follow-up or aftercare involved in clinical studies. In this research, post-treatment assessments at designated intervals were critical for evaluating the effectiveness of the lemongrass essential oil gel in reducing probing depths and improving clinical parameters, providing essential data on the treatment's long-term efficacy.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Lemongrass oil gel for local delivery in periodontitis treatment’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Therapeutic agent, Statistical analysis, Clinical trial, Antioxidant activity, Limitations of the study, Gingival index, Systematic Review, Periodontal pathogens, Antimicrobial therapy, Chronic periodontitis, Probing depth, Potential side effects, Mucoadhesive polymer, Cymbopogon citratus, Local Drug Delivery, Side effect, Mechanical instrumentation, Relative attachment level, Oral hygiene protocol, Nonsurgical periodontal therapy, Semi-solid formulations, Healthy gingiva.

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