Comparative phytochemical analysis of Shorea robusta oleoresin.
Journal name: Ancient Science of Life
Original article title: Comparative phytochemical analysis of Shorea robusta Gaertn (oleoresin) WSR to its seasonal collection
The ANSCI is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal focused on Ayurveda and traditional medicines. It publishes original research, reviews, and literary studies linking traditional knowledge with modern science, covering disciplines like botany, ethnomedicine, pharmacology, and clinical research.
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Dr. B. Poornima
Ancient Science of Life:
(A quarterly multi-disciplinary scientific research journal in Ayurveda)
Full text available for: Comparative phytochemical analysis of Shorea robusta Gaertn (oleoresin) WSR to its seasonal collection
Year: 2009
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The therapeutic properties of Shorea robusta Gaertn, known as Shala niryasa or oleoresin, are significantly influenced by various factors including the season of collection, the age of the plant, and the specific parts harvested. Traditional Ayurvedic texts, particularly those authored by Acharya Charaka and Sushruta, provide guidelines indicating optimal times for harvesting medicinal plants. The oleoresin's chemical constituents vary based on these conditions, which play a crucial role in its efficacy. This study focused on evaluating the chemical constituents of S. robusta oleoresin collected during two distinct seasons: Hemantha rutu (December-January) and Vasantha rutu (April-May).
Seasonal Influence on Chemical Composition
One critical finding of this study is the impact of seasonal variation on the chemical properties of oleoresin. Samples collected in Vasantha rutu exhibited higher levels of active constituents, including tannins, resin, volatile matter, and phenolic content, when compared to those collected in Hemantha rutu. The analyses included using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), which indicated the presence of significant components identified through their retention factor (Rf) values. For instance, higher Rf values in samples collected during Vasantha rutu suggested a richer composition of bioactive compounds, underscoring the importance of seasonal timing in harvesting medicinal plants for optimal therapeutic efficacy.
Conclusion
The findings of this preclinical study highlight the significant influence of seasonal variations on the chemical composition of Shorea robusta oleoresin, emphasizing its implications for medicinal use. The analysis reveals that oleoresin collected in Vasantha rutu shows favorable chemical properties that may enhance its therapeutic efficacy compared to Hemantha rutu collections. Further clinical studies are warranted to substantiate these findings and confirm the variations in therapeutic effectiveness based on the timing of collection. The results pave the way for establishing pharmacopoeial standards and optimal harvesting practices that align with traditional Ayurvedic knowledge.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the significance of the season for collecting oleoresin?
The medicinal properties of the oleoresin depend highly on the season of collection, as ancient Ayurvedic texts indicate that the active principles vary with seasons, which directly influence the efficacy of the drug.
What are the chemical constituents found in Shorea robusta oleoresin?
The oleoresin contains several chemical constituents including nor-triterpene, dammarenolic acid, asiatic acid, dipterocarpol, triterpenic acid, tannic acid, and phenolic compounds, which contribute to its therapeutic properties such as antibacterial and wound healing effects.
How does the oleoresin collected in Vasantha rutu compare to Hemantha rutu?
The oleoresin collected in Vasantha rutu shows higher levels of tannin, resin, volatile matter, and phenolic content compared to Hemantha rutu, which suggests better potential medicinal benefits from the former.
What methods were used for analyzing the oleoresin samples?
Thin layer chromatography and high-performance thin layer chromatography were utilized to analyze the oleoresin samples, allowing identification of various components and their relative quantities, which provided insights into their chemical composition and therapeutic potential.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Comparative phytochemical analysis of Shorea robusta oleoresin.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Incision:
Incision refers to a surgical cut made in the plant's trunk to extract oleoresin. The technique requires careful planning regarding the number, depth, and distance between incisions to optimize resin flow while ensuring the plant's health. This method is crucial for obtaining the medicinal properties of Shorea robusta.
2) Drug:
In the context of the text, drug refers to substances derived from plants, particularly those containing active medicinal principles like anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, or analgesic effects. The oleoresin from Shorea robusta is studied for its potential health benefits, exemplifying the significance of traditional plants in modern medicine.
3) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine that emphasizes balance within the body and the use of natural substances for healing. The collection guidelines specified by Ayurvedic texts inform the optimal harvesting times for medicinal plants, including Shorea robusta, ensuring the efficacy and safety of herbal treatments.
4) Niryasa:
Niryasa denotes the oleoresin specifically derived from Shorea robusta, recognized for medicinal qualities in Ayurveda. This term highlights the importance of recognizing and classifying natural substances in traditional medicine, reinforcing the role of specific plant extracts in therapeutic practices.
5) Science (Scientific):
Scientific pertains to methods based on empirical evidence and structured inquiry used to analyze natural substances. This approach bridges traditional healing practices with modern research, enhancing our understanding of medicinal properties in plants and validating their uses in contemporary healthcare.
6) Shala (Sala):
Shala is the Sanskrit word for the Shorea robusta tree itself, which is revered for its diverse applications in traditional medicine. Understanding the botanical aspects of Shala reinforces its significance in the ecosystem and its value as a source of medicinal compounds.
7) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibacterial describes the ability of a substance, like the oleoresin of Shorea robusta, to inhibit the growth of bacteria. This property is essential for evaluating medicinal plants in Ayurveda, as effective antibacterial agents are critical in preventing and treating infections, underscoring the plant's therapeutic potential.
8) Phytochemical:
Phytochemical refers to the chemical compounds obtained from plants, which contribute to their medicinal properties. The analysis of phytochemicals in Shorea robusta's oleoresin helps identify its active ingredients, guiding its use in Ayurveda and modern medicine for various health benefits.
9) Dravyaguna (Dravya-guna):
Dravyaguna is a branch of Ayurveda that focuses on the study of medicinal substances, including their properties and effects. This discipline provides foundational knowledge for practitioners to utilize plant-based treatments effectively, ensuring that the right remedies are administered for specific ailments.
10) Sarjarasa (Sarja-rasa):
Sarja-rasa is another name for the oleoresin derived from Shorea robusta, highlighting its significance in Ayurvedic medicine. Recognizing different terminologies for plant products helps in understanding the various cultural and medicinal aspects attributed to them across regions.
11) Discussion:
Discussion involves analyzing and interpreting results, aiming to explore findings related to the chemical constituents of Shorea robusta. This section is vital for drawing conclusions, suggesting further research directions, and reinforcing the relationship between traditional practices and scientific validation.
12) Sarja:
Sarja is a term associated with oleoresin and can signify the resinous or gummy exudate from certain plants. In Ayurvedic texts, it underscores the importance of these substances in the pharmacopoeia, emphasizing their roles in traditional healing practices.
13) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa means taste or essence, but in the context of Ayurveda, it can also imply the bioactive components and their effects on health. This term reinforces the holistic approach of Ayurveda, where the properties of substances influence their therapeutic applications.
14) Kalpasthana (Kalpa-sthana):
Kalpasthana is a section in the Charaka Samhitha (an Ayurvedic text) that deals with preparations of medicinal formulations. Its significance lies in providing systematic guidelines for creating effective remedies from plant extracts, linking traditional knowledge with therapeutic applications.
15) Sutrasthana (Sutra-sthana):
Sutrasthana is another section of the Charaka Samhitha, which outlines fundamental principles and guidelines in Ayurveda. Understanding Sutrasthana helps practitioners grasp the foundational concepts that dictate treatment methodologies, promoting a systematic approach to herbal medicine.
16) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses various practices and substances used to treat illnesses, with roots in both traditional and modern systems. The study of plant-based medicines, like those derived from Shorea robusta, reflects an intersection of ancient wisdom and modern therapeutic applications.
17) Hemanta (Hemamta):
Hemanta refers to the winter season in the context of collecting oleoresin. It emphasizes the seasonal variation's impact on the phytochemical profile and medicinal properties of the plant, a critical consideration in traditional medicine practices.
18) Chada:
Chada is often a reference to sources or comprehensive works discussing traditional knowledge, such as the reference material for herbal medicinal uses. The inclusion of texts like Chada aids in understanding the historical context and empirical observations over time.
19) Water:
Water serves as a solvent and extractant for isolating phytochemicals in medicinal plants. Understanding the role of water in herbal preparations highlights its importance in both traditional and modern methodologies for extracting and analyzing active compounds in Shorea robusta and other plants.
20) Shri (Sri, Sr):
Shri is an honorific title in Indian culture often used to denote respect for individuals or entities, especially in religious or spiritual contexts. Its use reflects the reverence for traditional knowledge and practitioners within Ayurveda, emphasizing the cultural significance of herbal medicine.
21) Shand (Sand):
Sand, in a botanical context, may refer to the soil conditions affecting plant growth or the purity of collected substances. Its absence in the oleoresin analysis indicates the quality control measures taken to ensure the integrity of the collected medicinal product.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Comparative phytochemical analysis of Shorea robusta oleoresin.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Therapeutic efficacy, Hemantha rutu, High performance thin layer chromatography, Acharya Charaka, Thin Layer Chromatography, Analytical studies, Active ingredient, Chemical constituent.