Wild edible mushrooms of meghalaya
Journal name: Ancient Science of Life
Original article title: Wild edible mushrooms of meghalaya
The ANSCI is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal focused on Ayurveda and traditional medicines. It publishes original research, reviews, and literary studies linking traditional knowledge with modern science, covering disciplines like botany, ethnomedicine, pharmacology, and clinical research.
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Original source:
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Paran Barua, R.K Adhikary, Pabitra Kalita, Dalimi Bordoloi, P. Gogoi, R.S. Singh, A.C. Ghosh
Ancient Science of Life:
(A quarterly multi-disciplinary scientific research journal in Ayurveda)
Full text available for: Wild edible mushrooms of meghalaya
Year: 1998
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA
Download the PDF file of the original publication
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Meghalaya, a hilly state in Northeast India, is known for its rich forest ecosystems which support a diverse range of macrofungi, particularly edible mushrooms. The locals have historically consumed various species of these fungi due to their nutritional and medicinal properties. This study aimed to explore and document wild edible mushrooms found in Meghalaya, focusing on their morphology, habitat, and edibility, based on local knowledge and traditional usage.
The Nutritional and Medicinal Ecology of Edible Mushrooms
The research identified five key edible mushroom species: Lentinus edodes (Shiitake), Boletus edulis, Clavaria cinerea, Clavaria aurea, and Cantharellus floccosus. Each of these species possesses unique characteristics and potential health benefits. For instance, Lentinus edodes is noted for its antiviral and antitumor properties, while Boletus edulis has been associated with anti-rheumatic effects. These mushrooms grow in various habitats, from decaying logs to coniferous forests, and are recognized for their rich flavors and culinary value. Despite their importance, the study emphasizes the need for further research to quantify their nutritional benefits and establish sustainable farming practices to enhance production and support local economies.
Conclusion
The exploration of wild edible mushrooms in Meghalaya highlights not only their culinary and medicinal significance but also the potential for economic development in rural areas through cultivation and sales. As these mushrooms can serve as protein-rich food alternatives, there is a pressing need for scientific investigation into their nutritional and medicinal values, alongside the development of farming technology for their commercial production. This dual focus could lead to improved food security and economic empowerment for local communities that have relied on these resources for generations.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What are some wild edible mushrooms found in Meghalaya?
The identified edible mushrooms in Meghalaya include Lentinus edodes, Boletus edulis, Clavaria cinerea, Clavaria aurea, and Cantharellus floccosus, known for their nutritional and medicinal properties.
What is the significance of the local tribal population in Meghalaya?
The local tribal population in Meghalaya has historically utilized several edible fungi for food, which are recognized for their various nutritive and medicinal values. Their knowledge plays a crucial role in identifying edible mushroom species.
What methods were used to collect the fungi in Meghalaya?
A field survey was conducted during July-August 1995, where mushrooms were collected in perforated polythene bags based on local tribal knowledge regarding their edibility. Morphological studies were later performed on the collected samples.
What potential benefits do these mushrooms provide?
These wild edible mushrooms may replace other protein-rich foods, contributing to the economic development of the rural population. Their medicinal values need further research to expand their use in health and nutrition.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Wild edible mushrooms of meghalaya”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Science (Scientific):
Science refers to the systematic study and exploration of the natural world, which includes the identification and classification of mushroom species as demonstrated in the research on wild edible mushrooms of Meghalaya. The paper emphasizes scientific methods to ensure accurate identification and understanding of fungi’s ecological roles and benefits.
2) Himalaya (Himālaya, Hima-alaya):
Himalaya signifies a geographical region known for its rich biodiversity, including edible mushrooms. The paper mentions previous studies from the Eastern Himalayas, indicating the significance of this region in the study of mushrooms, highlighting its contribution to the ecological and nutritional potential of diverse fungal species.
3) Shukla (Śukla, Śuklā, Suklā, Sukla):
Shukla is referenced as a researcher who has contributed to the knowledge of mushroom cultivation, specifically the shiitake mushroom in India. Mentioning Shukla lends credibility and context to the historical understanding of mushroom cultivation and its importance through sustainable practices in local economies.
4) Sharman (Śarma, Sarmā, Sarma, Sharma, Śarman):
Sarma, mentioned in connection with identifying wild edible mushrooms, represents researchers contributing to the documentation of mushroom diversity in India. Highlighting Sarma’s work reinforces the collaborative nature of mycological studies and enhances the record of edible species that could benefit local communities.
5) Discussion:
Discussion refers to the section of the paper where findings are analyzed. It becomes crucial for understanding the implications of the research, including the nutritional and medicinal values of the mushrooms, and suggests areas for further study to explore the economic potential of these wild species.
6) Activity:
Activity, in this context, can denote the biological functions of mushrooms, such as their potential medical properties. The paper discusses antiviral and antitumor activities related to certain mushrooms, indicating their importance not only as food sources but also as subjects of interest in pharmacological research.
7) Habitat:
Habitat refers to the natural environment where the identified mushrooms grow, which is vital for their growth and for understanding ecological interactions. The paper lists specific geographical locations in Meghalaya, illustrating the relationship between mushrooms and their environment, including factors that influence their presence.
8) Cina (Cīna, Cīnā, Ciṉa, Ciṉā, Cīṉā, Cinā):
China is relevant as the historical origin of shiitake mushroom cultivation, illustrating the transfer of knowledge and practices across borders. This reference highlights the importance of traditional knowledge in mushroom farming, prompting considerations for similar practices to be adopted in Indian contexts.
9) Meat:
Meat is referenced concerning the taste profile of Boletus edulis, comparing its flavor to that of meat, which underscores its culinary value. This comparison emphasizes the potential of wild mushrooms as a protein source, adding nutritional diversity to diets, especially in rural areas.
10) Shash (Ṣaṣ, Sash, Śas, Śās, Ṣaḍ, Śāḍ, Śaṣ, Śad, Shas, Shad):
Shad refers to the shade of color, which connects to the descriptors used in identifying mushroom species. Accurate color terminology is important for species differentiation, showcasing the significance of precise morphological descriptions in scientific research and taxonomy of edible fungi.