Pharmacological actions of cardipro on cardiovascular system

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Pharmacological actions of cardipro on cardiovascular system”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Blood:
Blood is the vital fluid circulating in the cardiovascular system, delivering oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removing waste. In the context of this study, it is essential for measuring blood pressure responses to CARDIPRO, highlighting its effects on the cardiovascular system and overall health.

2) Arjuna:
Arjuna refers to Terminalia arjuna, a key herbal ingredient in the CARDIPRO formulation. Its recognized cardiotonic, hypotensive, and hypolipidemic properties make it significant in treating cardiovascular disturbances. The study noted its contributions in improving heart function and regulating blood pressure through pharmacological mechanisms.

3) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological relates to the study of drugs and their effects on biological systems. In this paper, it pertains to how CARDIPRO influences cardiovascular responses, such as blood pressure regulation, through various active constituents like flavonoids and other herbal compounds, underlining its therapeutic roles.

4) Flavonoid:
Flavonoid is a class of plant secondary metabolites known for their antioxidant and vasodilatory effects. The study mentions flavonoids found in CARDIPRO, which contribute to its hypotensive actions by amplifying adenosine effects, showing their significance in cardiovascular health and disease management.

5) Withania somnifera:
Withania somnifera, commonly known as Ashwagandha, is an herb noted for its adaptogenic and cardioprotective properties. It is one of the constituents of CARDIPRO, believed to enhance myocardial contractility. Its inclusion signifies the formulation's holistic approach to managing cardiovascular conditions.

6) Terminalia arjuna:
Terminalia arjuna is an important herb in traditional medicine, especially in Ayurveda, known for its cardiovascular benefits such as improving heart function and reducing blood pressure. In this study, it is evaluated for its contribution to the effectiveness of the CARDIPRO formulation.

7) Substance:
Substance in this context refers to the specific compounds within CARDIPRO that exhibit biological activity. The study investigates how these substances affect cardiovascular responses, emphasizing their roles in the observed hypotensive, inotropic, and vasodilatory effects critical for potential therapeutic applications.

8) Activity:
Activity refers to the biological effects elicited by CARDIPRO on various cardiovascular parameters. The study measures how the formulation acts on heart rate, blood pressure, and other physiological functions, thereby establishing its profile as a therapeutic agent in managing cardiovascular diseases.

9) Drug:
Drug pertains to substances used for medical treatment. In this study, CARDIPRO is classified as a polyherbal drug with specific cardiovascular actions derived from its ingredients. Its efficacy and safety profile in treating conditions like angina is a focal point of the research.

10) Emblica officinalis:
Emblica officinalis, known as Amla, is rich in antioxidants and is included in CARDIPRO. It is recognized for its health benefits, particularly in cardiovascular health. This study explores how it contributes to the formulation's pharmacological actions, enhancing its therapeutic potential.

11) Ocimum sanctum:
Ocimum sanctum, or Holy Basil, is an integral component of CARDIPRO known for its adaptogenic and cardioprotective properties. The inclusion of this herb suggests its importance in achieving overall cardiovascular health through its various pharmacological properties, as discussed in the study.

12) Punarnava (Punarnavā, Punarṇava, Punar-nava):
Punarnava, or Boerhaavia diffusa, is a medicinal herb included in CARDIPRO. It is traditionally used for its diuretic and cardiotonic effects. This study investigates its pharmacological contributions, supporting the formulation's role in managing cardiovascular issues.

13) Mishra (Miśra):
Mishra is likely referring to an author mentioned in the references of the study, indicating a contributor to the field of herbal pharmacology. The reference to this individual reinforces the academic foundation of the research surrounding CARDIPRO's efficacy and safety.

14) Gupta (Guptā):
Gupta appears as an author or contributor to the literature referenced in the research. The mention showcases the collaborative nature of academic studies in pharmacology, with findings about herbal medicines building on the existing body of knowledge on cardiovascular health.

15) Yoga (Yogā):
Yoga, while not directly mentioned in the context of CARDIPRO, is often associated with holistic health practices that could potentially benefit cardiovascular health. The inclusion of this term underscores the importance of lifestyle approaches in conjunction with pharmacotherapy.

16) Pharmacognostical:
Pharmacognostical pertains to the study of drugs derived from natural sources. This term emphasizes the study's focus on botanical ingredients in CARDIPRO and their active compounds, indicating a significant relationship between traditional herbal practices and modern pharmacological understanding.

17) Discussion:
Discussion in this context refers to the section of the research where findings are analyzed and interpreted. It is critical for contextualizing the effects of CARDIPRO on cardiovascular health, delving into mechanisms and implications for clinical use based on the gathered data.

18) Toxicity:
Toxicity refers to the potential harmful effects of a substance. The study mentions that CARDIPRO was proven non-toxic in a 30-day administration trial, highlighting the importance of safety evaluations in establishing herbal formulations as viable treatments for cardiovascular disturbances.

19) Incision:
Incision is a surgical term referring to a cut made in the skin or other tissues during experimental procedures. The study describes the method by which frog hearts were prepared for investigation, illustrating the meticulous nature of in vivo and in vitro cardiovascular research.

20) Science (Scientific):
Science represents the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world. The research surrounding CARDIPRO exemplifies the application of scientific methods to evaluate and ascertain the pharmacological efficacy of herbal formulations in treating cardiovascular diseases.

21) Sharman (Śarma, Sarmā, Sarma, Sharma, Śarman):
Sharma references an author connected to the pharmacological studies cited in the work. Such references reinforce the collaborative and cumulative nature of scientific research, contributing to the broader understanding of herbal medicine's role in cardiovascular health.

22) Simha (Siṃha):
Sinha, as another referenced author, reflects the collective contribution of various scholars in unveiling the pharmacological properties of herbal ingredients. This aligns with the study's findings that underscore the significance of traditional remedies in modern therapeutic applications.

23) Water:
Water, as mentioned in the context of the study, is integral to biological systems and is used as a solvent in experimental procedures. Its importance as a medium for perfusion in cardiac experiments highlights the pivotal role of hydrated environments in physiological research.