Antimicrobial activity of Anisomeles indica essential oil.

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Journal name: Ancient Science of Life
Original article title: Chemistry and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from anisomeles indica (l)
The ANSCI is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal focused on Ayurveda and traditional medicines. It publishes original research, reviews, and literary studies linking traditional knowledge with modern science, covering disciplines like botany, ethnomedicine, pharmacology, and clinical research.
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Original source:

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Author:

R.N Yadava, Deepak Barsainya


Ancient Science of Life:

(A quarterly multi-disciplinary scientific research journal in Ayurveda)

Full text available for: Chemistry and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from anisomeles indica (l)

Year: 1998

Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA


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Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Anisomeles indica (Linn), a member of the Labiatae family, is widely distributed across India, thriving at elevations up to 6000 feet in the Himalayas. This plant is traditionally valued for its astringent and carminative properties. Previous research has identified various chemical constituents in different parts of the plant, including stigmasterol and macrocyclic diterpenes. The present study focuses on isolating and analyzing the essential oil from the flowers of Anisomeles indica, examining its composition and antimicrobial efficacy.

Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil

The study highlights the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil derived from Anisomeles indica against several bacterial and fungal strains. The oil exhibited significant antibacterial properties particularly against Bacillus anthracis and Staphylococcus aureus, with inhibition zones measured at 29.0 mm and 19.0 mm respectively. Additionally, the essential oil demonstrated effective antifungal activity, notably against Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus, with inhibition zones of 23.0 mm and 27.0 mm respectively. These findings indicate the potential therapeutic applications of the essential oil in combating infections caused by these microbes.

Conclusion

The research underscores the promising antimicrobial properties of the essential oil from Anisomeles indica, suggesting its utility in healthcare settings, particularly for treating infections caused by various bacteria and fungi. These results warrant further investigation into the essential oil's specific active compounds and their mechanisms of action. Overall, Anisomeles indica may offer a natural alternative for antimicrobial treatment, reflecting the significance of traditional medicinal plants in modern pharmacology.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is the significance of Anisomeles indica in traditional medicine?

Anisomeles indica, belonging to the Labiatae family, is traditionally used for its astringent and carminative properties. Its essential oil exhibits potent antimicrobial activity, which may prove useful in treating infections.

How was the essential oil from Anisomeles indica extracted?

The essential oil was extracted using steam distillation from the flowers of Anisomeles indica. A yield of 0.07% was obtained through Clevenger's apparatus, which is commonly used for such extractions.

What microorganisms were tested for sensitivity to the essential oil?

The essential oil was tested against various bacteria and fungi, including Proteus vulgaris, Bacillus anthracis, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger, and Fusarium oxysporum, demonstrating notable inhibitory effects against several pathogens.

What are the constituents identified in the essential oil of Anisomeles indica?

The essential oil was analyzed for composition, revealing constituents like D-Limonene, Citral, and 1-8 cineole among others. Their identification was based on retention times compared to reference samples using gas liquid chromatography.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Antimicrobial activity of Anisomeles indica essential oil.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Activity:
In the context of the study, 'Activity' refers to the essential oil's effectiveness against microbial organisms, measured through zones of inhibition in antibacterial and antifungal assays. These activities indicate the potential therapeutic use of Anisomeles indica essential oil in treating infections from specific pathogens, showcasing the oil's biological relevance.

2) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
'Antibacterial' relates to the capability of the essential oil to inhibit the growth of bacteria. In the study, various bacteria were tested, and the number of millimeters constituting the zone of inhibition was documented. This term emphasizes the oil's importance in addressing bacterial infections and contributes to the field of antimicrobial research.

3) Discussion:
'Discussion' highlights the analytical section of the study where the authors interpret the results obtained from experimental data. Here, they draw conclusions on the effectiveness of the essential oil, explore its constituents, and establish connections to previous research, thus contributing to the understanding of its antimicrobial potential.

4) Himalaya (Himālaya, Hima-alaya):
The term 'Himalaya' signifies the geographic range of Anisomeles indica, indicating its adaptability and potential ecological significance, as the species is found in the Himalayan region at elevations up to 6000 feet. This aspect also underscores the plant's traditional uses informed by its distribution in this biodiverse area.

5) Science (Scientific):
'Science' represents the systematic study conducted to uncover the properties of the essential oil from Anisomeles indica through experimentation and analysis. The emphasis on scientific methodology underlies the rigorous approach taken in evaluating its composition and antimicrobial efficacy, reinforcing the importance of empirical research in natural product studies.

6) Madhya (Mādhya):
'Madhya' is connected to the state of Madhya Pradesh in India, where the research was conducted. This geographic reference emphasizes the regional relevance of the study, highlighting the local flora and the need for exploring indigenous plants in terms of their chemical properties and potential health benefits to the community.

7) Botany:
'Botany' pertains to the study of plant life and is significant in the context of identifying and classifying Anisomeles indica. The involvement of the botany department in the research emphasizes the importance of plant taxonomy and characterization in understanding the botanical characteristics that lead to the plant's utility in traditional medicine.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Antimicrobial activity of Anisomeles indica essential oil.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Anisomeles indica, Essential oil, Microbial activity, Antimicrobial activity, Therapeutically Useful, Antifungal activity, Physico-chemical properties, Bacterial activity, Chemical constituent, Ancient Science of life, Steam distillation, Gas-Liquid chromatography, Percentage Composition, Inhibitory zone, Acknowledgment.

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